Halal Turkey! (Audio, 16 November 1988)

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Halal Turkey

I have several audio cassettes from Masjid Tucson. Twenty-plus years-old… I decided to share them with public, piece by piece before they degrade. This one is both funny and instructive. Rashad is answering a phone call at Masjid Tucson. It is a perfect example for a Socratic Dialogue. The date with Rashad’s hand writing shows November 16, 1988. Enjoy:

(Recorded by the phone answering machine at Masjid Tucson in 16 November 1988)

To listen in halal way, click on the halal link under the halal turkey below 🙂

Halal Turkey4

CALLER: Hello. I am wondering if you guys have any Halal Turkey. Eham. I am calling from out of town. I will call back later on.

RASHAD KHALIFA: Hello.

CALLER: Hello. Yes, do you have any halal Turkey

RASHAD: What is halal turkey?

CALLER: Well, it says Turkey, the bird you know… which has been done in halal way. Is this the mosque?

RASHAD: Yes this is the mosque in Tucson. But we believe that the turkey in Safeway market is halal turkey.

CALLER: Ooh, you do?

RASHAD: Ahem… There are only four meats [sic. he means ‘dairy product’] prohibited in the Quran. Are you aware of them?

CALLER: Aha…

RASHAD: Four meats only… prohibited. And the meat of turkey in the Safeway market does not belong in those four.

CALLER: Yes, I know. But it has to be that you know, killed in a certain way.

RASHAD: Well, that’s not true.

CALLER: Is this the Muzlim mosque?

RASHAD: Yes, this is the muslim mosque. (Laughing loudly) Ha-ha.

CALLER: Ha-ha, ha-ha.

RASHAD: … If you follow the Pakistani tradition, or the Egyptian tradition, that’s something …. But if you call it Islamic, you have to follow the Quran.


CALLER: Aha…

RASHAD: What is you are asking for is the Pakistani, or Egyptian turkey, or Jordanian turkey and so on, but not muslim Turkey. Muslim turkey is on the market.

CALLER: Yeah, but that is Christian turkey.

RASHAD: Hello.. There is no such a thing. It’s not Christian. Is it dedicated to Jesus when they killed it?

CALLER: Aha.

RASHAD: It was dedicated to Jesus?! Do they dedicate it to Jesus?

CALLER: Aha… No, they don’t do that.

RASHAD: So, what makes it Christian? According to the Quran, it is a muslim turkey. All animals are muslims.

CALLER: Aha. Okay. Alright.

RASHAD: Ha-ha

CALLER: I got your point.

RASHAD: Alright.

CALLER: Bye-bye.

RASHAD: Bye-bye.

I will try to share with you other audio clips recorded at Masjid Tucson, via www.19.org. Meanwhile, we invite you to read articles on NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture, which has started an islamic reform movement since its discovery in year 1974. Peace.

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The Background and Chronology of the Discovery

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The Background and Chronology

of the Discovery

(From: NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture, Edip Yuksel, Brainbowpress, 2011, 620 pages)

Below is the outline of the major revelations and discoveries regarding the mathematical design of the Quran in chronological order. It includes some of my own contribution and experience:

610: Born in 570 ACE, Prophet Muhammad starts receiving the first revelations of the Quran in month of Ramadan, including the verse “on it is nineteen” of Chapter 74.

630: Revelation and recording of the Quran is completed.

1200: Judah ben Samuel of Germany (b. 1140–d. 1217), the spiritual leader of the Ashkenazi Hasidic movement, discovers a numerical system in the original text of the Old Testament based on the number 19, thereby fulfilling the prophecy of the Quran in verse 46:10.

1938: Fuad Abdulbaqi of Egypt, publishes his landmark concordance/index of the Quran: al-Mujam ul-Mufahras li-Alfaz il-Quran il-Karim (The Indexed Concordance for the Words of the Holy Quran.)

1924: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk abolishes the Khilafa, the Ottoman dynasty that established monarchy and imperial power in the name of God. Ottoman sultans, like their predecessors Abbasid and Umayyad kings, continued exploiting religious teachings and dogmas. Like many heroes, Mustafa Kemal too would be idolized after his death in 1938. A fascinating 19-based pattern in Mustafa’s life was first published in 1951 in an article by Kadircan Kaflı in Yeni Sabah newspaper.

1959-1968: Abdurazzaq Nawfal, an Egyptian scholar, using Fuad’s concordance notices some examples of numerical symmetry between the frequencies of semantically related words and phrases.

1969: While first human landed on the Moon, another Egyptian, Dr. Rashad Khalifa, a biochemist working at St. Louis, decides to study the Quran via computer to solve the mystery of combinations of alphabet letters initializing 29 chapters of the Quran. He publishes his work under several titles, such as Muhammad’s Perpetual Miracle. The connection between the two historic events (Landing on the Moon and Feeding the Quran into the Computer) is supported by interesting coincidences.

1973: Rashad publishes Miracle of the Quran: Significance of the Mysterious Alphabets in St. Louis. While the book lists the frequencies of each initial alphabet letters in each verse of their respective chapters, it never mentions their relationship with the number 19. This study is published by an Egyptian magazine called Ahir Sa’a (Last Hour).

1974: Rashad discovers the role of the number 19, prophetically promised in Chapter 74, The Hidden, exactly 1406 (19 x 74) lunar years after the revelation of the Quran. This “one of the greatest” that would distinguish those who wish to regress or progress, starts the modern Islamic Reform movement that rejuvenates the liberating and powerful message of La ilahe illa Allah.

1975: Abdurazzaq publishes his book al-I’jaz al-Adadi fi al-Qur’an al-Karim (Numerical Miracles in the Holy Quran) containing examples of numerical relationship between related words, synonyms and antonyms in the Quran.

1975: University of Medina publishes the book of top Saudi cleric Sheikh Ibnul Baz: El-edilletün Naqliyyetu vel Hissiyatu Ala Cereyaniş şamsi ve Sukunil Ardi ve İmkanis Suudi ilal Kavakibi (The Traditional and Empirical Evidences for the Motion of the Sun and Stillness of Earth, and Possibility of Ascending to Planets). The book claims that the earth is fixed and deems any Muslim claiming otherwise of becoming an apostate, thereby making him subject to death penalty.

1976: Rashad’s discovery of Code 19 becomes popular in Muslim Countries and his work is translated into many languages. He becomes a celebrity and is invited to give lectures in major academic conferences and is welcomed by various universities, including al-Azhar. Ahmad Deedat, the founder of Islamic Propagation Centre in South Africa, using Rashad Khalifa’s work, writes an eloquent book, Al-Quran: the Ultimate Miracle, and freely distributes it in tens of thousands from 1979 until 1986.

1977: Jerry Lucas and Del Washburn publish Theomatics: God’s Best Kept Secret Revealed. As an extension of Ivan Panin’s work (1890), the  book contains numerous anecdotal, arbitrary, inconsistent, and some interesting observations on gematrical values of certain words in the Bible.

1978: Joseph Dan of the Association for Jewish Studies, unaware of Rashad’s discoveries, publishes an article on the work of Judah ben Samuel, an eleventh century German scholar. Judah’s discovery of the code 19 in the original text of the Old Testament is the fulfillment of a prophetic Quranic statement in verse 46:10. For the article, See: Studies in Jewish Mysticism, Proceedings of Regional Conferences Held at the University of California, Los Angeles and McGill University in April, University of California press, 1978.

1980: As the Turkish representative of the Muslim youth, I meet Ahmad Deedat in an International Youth Conference at Çanakkale, Turkey. The conference, which lasted for two weeks in a seaside camping site with the participation of more than 200 youth leaders from 42 countries, was organized by WAMY (World Assembly of Muslim Youth) and Turkey’s Ministry of Youth. Besides Ahmad Deedat, there I meet many scholars, mostly members or affiliates of Muslim Brotherhood, including the famous scholar, Yusuf al-Qaradawi. Ahmed Deedat’s lecture on the number 19 pulls my attention for two reasons: it sounds like a philosophical and theological breakthrough and it is a number very familiar to me, the name of the youth group that I established in 1978: FT/19. (FT abbreviation of Fatih–a region in Istanbul, or Fetih—Victory. The Turkish police had made extensive research trying to find out the meaning of 19 in this illegal group, which drew a little attention from the Turkish media.) I get permission from Deedat to translate and publish the book. The same year, the famous mathematician Martin Gardner publishes an article on the code 19 in Scientific American. Rashad claims to have discovered the end of the world from the Quran, which would later prompt me to find exactly the same date independently. According to the coded prophecy, starting from the year in which Rashad discovered the prophecy, the end of the world: 300 solar or 309 lunar years later.

1981-1982 Rashad publishes The Computer Speaks: God’s Message to the World and one year later, Quran: Visual Presentation of the Miracle See: http://www.submission.org/miracle/visual.html.

1982: While I am in prison, after verifying the evidences presented, I translate Ahmed Deedat’s book to Turkish. The following year, my research on the verses of the Quran with scientific implications and my additional discoveries on the mathematical structure of the Quran are published together with my translation of Deedat’s book. Kuran En Büyük Mucize (Quran, The Greatest Miracle), which becomes a best-selling book in Turkey until 1987.

1982: Rashad, in his milestone work, Quran, Hadith, and Islam sheds the light of the Quran that had been clouded by the distortion and false doctrines of sectarian teachings that rely on hearsay sources called Hadith and Sunna. The book, which can be read in a few hours, exposes the falsehood of Hadith and Sunna through the light of the Quranic verses. With is laser sharp focus and reasoning, the book brilliantly exposes the numerous distortion made by so-called Islamic scholars. The book debunks the two main tricks used by Sunni and Shiite clergymen: it refutes mistranslations of the Quranic verses by comparative analysis of the scripture, and puts the abused verses into their context. Thus, a paradigm-changing powerful purge of men-made religious teachings in the process of Islamic reform with the motto of “Quran alone” starts.

1982: Dr. Cesar Adib Majul, a retired professor of philosophy and logic, a Filipino-American, publishes his book, The Names of Allah in Relation to the Mathematical Structure of Quran. Adib finds an interlocking numerical system between the frequencies of four words of Bismillah and the numerical values of God’s attributes. I had numerous phone and mail conversation with Adib, my namesake, before his ascension to God in 2004. I have some of his unpublished research on the numerical structure of the Quran.

1983: Rashad translates his book, The Visual Presentation of the Miracle, into Arabic under the title Mugizat ul-Quran and it is published by Dar el-Ilm Lil-malayin, Beirut, Lebanon, and it is still listed at their website for order: www.malayin.com/publ.asp?item=00468

1985: Rashad declares that the verses 9:128-129 in current manuscripts do not belong to the Quran, since they violate the 19-based mathematical structure of the Quran. It is remarkable that from 1974 until 1985 the table listing the frequency of the word ALLAH ended with the sum of 2698 (19×142). Many books published in various languages disseminate this information around the world. Though with the exception of the frequency of the letter Alif, I check every factual detail mentioned in Ahmad Deedat’s book, like many researchers, I do not notice the error regarding one the extra word, because of Fuad Abdulbaqi’s concordance. Later, I would consider this eleven-year delay as a divinely planned event to disseminate the information in the world before subjecting them to a test.

1986: After months of debate with Rashad via snail-mail, my faith in Hadith and Sunna weakens, and it reaches to a breaking point after receiving his book Quran, Hadith and Sunna. The night of July 1, 1986, when I was a drafted soldier in Samsun, I read the book from cover to cover turning that night into my personal Laylat ul-Qadr (the Night of Power). With tears in my eyes, I give up associating partners to God, and decide to devote my service to God alone by following the Quran alone. By this decision, I would risk my career, fame, my political future, my family, and life. In October 23, 1986, exactly 114 days after my conversion to monotheism in July 1, 1986, I experience a divine sign followed by a series of prophecies as God promises in 43:53. The same year, the Haley Comet that visits our planet in every 76 (19×6) years passed nearby. This was the 19th visit since Muhammad’s time and it was year 1406 (19×74) according to Hijra Calendar. Rashad considered it as one of the fulfillments of 41:53.

1986-1987: I discover an asymmetry in Adib’s remarkable studies, and I hypothesize a solution. Soon, I discover the missing divine attribute ShaHeeD, in Adib Majul’s table on the numerical relationship of God’s names, fulfilling my prediction based on the 19-based pattern. My discovery completes an interlocking table of attributes of God, and is published in my Turkish book, İlginç Sorular-2 (Interesting Questions-2). Furthermore, I hypothesize that there are exactly 114 attributes of God mentioned in the Quran.

1989: My rejection of Hadith and Sunna through my books and articles receives a nationwide attention and my affiliation with Rashad makes me a target of threats and attacks. Receiving an invitation from Rashad, I immigrate to the United States. For a while I live in a room adjacent to Masjid Tucson.

1989: In February, Ibn Baz leads top Sunni scholars to discuss the matter of Salman Rushdi, and the fatwa of the 38 Sunni scholars becomes headline news in the Muslim world: “Rashad and Rushdi, both are Apostates.” Rushdie was represented and defended by a British law firm called Article 19. The following year, Rushdie publishes his second book, titled Haroun and the Sea of Stories, in which the protagonist, oddly named Rashid, tells political stories.

1989: Abdullah Arık, a Turkish-American engineer, by using a simple computer program tests the compatibility of long numbers with the code 19 by putting together the numbers of chapters, verses, sequence of letters and their gematrical values. He discovers an interlocking and cumulative system in the sequence of the 19 letters of Bismillah.

1990: In 30th of January, Rashad is assassinated in Masjid Tucson by a terrorist group, al-Fuqara or al-Fuqra, affiliated to the early stage of al-Qaida organization founded by Saudi militant Osama Bin Laden. The same year, Saddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be Iraq’s 19th province. To discuss the matter, the Organization of the Islamic Conference immediately convened its 19th conference.

1992: Milan Sulc of Switzerland, founder of Faith-through-Science Foundation, discovers an impressive numerical structure in the table of frequencies of ĤM letters, thereby showing the intricacy of the numerical structure of the Quran that integrates unique numerical computations with code 19. Milan Sulc and Ali Fazely, professor of physics at the University of Louisiana, have announced their discoveries of a different numerical phenomenon in the Quran based on prime numbers and composite numbers. Though some of their findings are interesting, in my opinion, they lack a system and thus appear to be anecdotal and speculative at this point.

1997: Michael Drosnin, in a bestselling book, the Bible Code, claimed that he discovered many prophecies in the Bible by searching its text for equidistant letter sequences (ELS). Soon, skeptics debunked the claim conclusively. www.nmsr.org/biblecod.htm

1998: To promote Islamic reform according to the message of the Quran alone, to share the paradigm-shifting mathematical miracle, I establish 19.org.

1999-2000: The practice of abbreviating the four-digit year to two digits in computer programs in order save memory space, created a problem came to known Y2K Problem or the Millennium Bug. “While no globally significant computer failures occurred when the clocks rolled over into 2000, preparation for the Y2K problem had a significant effect on the computer industry. There were plenty of Y2K problems, and that none of the glitches caused major incidents is seen as vindication of the Y2K preparation. However, some questioned whether the absence of computer failures was the result of the preparation undertaken or whether the significance of the problem had been overstated.” (Wikipedia). Whether real or perceived, this major problem cost over 300 billion US dollars (BBC News, 6 January 2000), and it was caused by computer programmers ignoring the number 19.

2001: On September 11, 2001, the 19 hijackers of al-Qaeda attack Pentagon, World Trade Center and kill thousands of Americans. One of the main organizers of the attack, Wadih al-Hage, was also implicated for his role in Rashad’s assassination. Prosecutors have also suggested that El-Hage and Jamaat ul-Fuqra were involved in the murder of Dr. Rashad Khalifa on January 31, 1990 in Tucson. They believe that El-Hage knows who killed Khalifa. And even if El-Hage was not himself involved, the prosecution asked why he had not told them what he knew. El-Hage’s family says he was not in the country at the time of the murder.

2002: More than a decade after my public acknowledgment of numerous errors in the count of Alifs, one of the reasons for being excommunicated by submitters, Dr. Atef Khalifa, finally acknowledges the fact that his brother Rashad indeed made errors in the count of Alifs and thus undertakes the overdue study on the subject matter. See: www.submission.org/miracle/alif.html.

2002: Dr. Caner Taslaman, a Turkish philosopher/theologian and founder of Kuran Araştırmalar Grubu (Quranic Research Group), publishes a comprehensive book on the scientific and numeric aspect of the Quran Kuran Hiç Tükenmeyen Mucize (Quran: a Perpetual Miracle) is available online in English at www.quranmiracles.org. The same year, a group of muslims establish Islamic Reform organization, www.islamicreform.org

2003: A group of programmers, working together with Atef Khalifa, designs the “Quran Reader”, a computer program to count the letters of the Quran text on the internet. http://www.submission.org/quran/reader/

2005: After being challenged by Dr. Ayman through his article Idiot’s Guide to Code 19, I start my second book-length debate with him in May 2005, and call it, Intelligent People’s Guide to Code 19. It will be published in the next edition of Running Like Zebras, God willing.

2005: In August, Manifesto for Islamic Reform is issued.

2006: Quran: a Reformist Translation is published by Brainbow Press.

2008: Using a program developed by a Turkish colleague on a reformed Arabic text of the Quran, in which all later innovations such as hamzas, maddas, shaddas and all other diatrical marks are deleted, we prove that there are only 114 verses in the Quran containing ALL the 14 letters used in the Quranic initials (huruf-u muqatta). Several other significant discoveries are made.

2009: With the progress in DNA forensic technology, the evidence gathered in 1990 was re-examined and one of the murderers of Rashad Khalifa was arrested in Canada, 19 years after Rashad’s assassination.

2011: Two decades after Rashad’s landmark work was published in Visual Presentation of the Quran, this book, NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture, is published by Brainbow Press.

2014: Reformist muslims or rational monotheists are planning to hold their annual Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform conference in Mecca, by God’s will. Confrontation with one of the world’s most corrupt and oppressive regimes is expected.

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Contextual Facts on Code 19

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Contextual Facts on Code 19

(From the Introductory pages of Edip Yuksel’s recent book, NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture, Brainbowpress, 2011, 620 pages)

1.      Code 19 provides a powerful evidence for God’s existence, as expected, envisioned or demanded by some philosophers and scientists, such as Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Leibniz, David Hume, Paul Dirac, and Carl Sagan.

2. Code 19 was hidden in the 74th chapter of the Quran The Hidden, for 19×74 (1406) lunar years, and was discovered in 1974 by my colleague, Dr. Rashad Khalifa, an Egyptian-American biochemist. The number 19 has been a major controversy since its discovery and the number has realized all its assigned functions according to the prophetic verses of Chapter 74.

3. Because of the implications of his discovery of the Secret, as well as his strong criticism of the sectarian teachings based on Hadith and Sunna, Rashad was declared a heretic/apostate by leading Sunni scholars from 38 countries who held an emergency conference in Saudi Arabia in 1989 to discuss the Salman Rushdie controversy. While Rushdi survived, Rashad was assassinated in this Masjid in January 31, 1990, by a terrorist group linked to al-Qaeda. The author of this book also received similar fatwa, yet he has escaped several assassination attempts, so far.

4.      Code 19, which was also discovered in the original portions of the Old Testament by Judah ben Samuel in 11th century, is simple to understand but impossible to imitate.

5. Code 19 has little to do with numerology, since its literary-numerical (LitNu) pattern can be verified or falsified through scientific inquiry. It is radically different from the pattern demonstrated in The Bible Code, which has no statistical value.

6.      Unlike regular metaphysical or paranormal claims, Code 19 can be verified or falsified by virtually anyone, since the Arabic version of the Quran is available everywhere. Besides, for the most part, the reader does not need to know Arabic but only two eyes to see, an ability to count, a critical mind, and an open mind and heart to witness extraordinary signs as the fulfillment of a great prophecy.

7. This discovery has created a paradigm change among those who witness it: ―instead of joining a religious bandwagon by blindly believing a holy story or hearsay, we must be critical thinkers; we must question everything and seek truth through knowledge. The code suggests a “Copernican revolution” in theology of religions. Instead of Krishna-centered, or Jesus-centered, or Muhammad-centered religions we must turn to the original center, to the God-centered model. The message of rational monotheism has sparked an ongoing controversy in countries with Muslim-majority populations, e.g., Egypt, Pakistan, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, etc. Internet forums are filled with heated debates regarding this code.

8.      A majority of people, including many adherents of Sunni and Shiite religions so far have not been able to witness this extraordinary divine sign. Code 19 proved one more time the Quranic maxim that the majority of people in fact do not seek nor follow the truth. It exposed billions of believers; contrary to what they pretend, they do not acknowledge the Truth but they are believers in their culture and are herds in various bandwagons (27:82).

9.      Code 19 is one the greatest discoveries in human history, since it provides an extraordinary and universal evidence for God’s existence. The evidence is hundred percent objective, yet paradoxically it has a subjective pre-requisite, akin to the pre-requisite of keeping both eyes open in order to witness a 3-D picture made of random dots. This is exactly in accordance to the prophetic description in Chapter 74. As it is the case with computer generated random dot 3D stereograms, in order to witness one of the greatest miracles, some conditions need to be met.

10.   By distinguishing those who regress and those who progress, Code 19 has opened a new era. (74:37). Code 19 distinguishes rational monotheists from the blind followers of manmade hearsay collections and sectarian teachings, as well as from those who give lip service to the Quran to serve their political, financial, and personal agendas (27:82).

11. Code 19 shed light on some multiple-meaning (mutashabih) and prophetic verses, in some cases enriching the meaning of many verses of the Quran. For instance, it explained the meaning and function of the combination of alphabet letters initializing 29 chapters.

12.   Code 19 showed that the Quran is not an ordinary book, but a very interesting and unique book.

13. Code 19 showed us that there is indeed a force, negative energy called Satan, which exerts hypnotic power over its constituents. Those who decide not to use their God-given minds to their full potentials are blinded by their masters; they cannot see and appreciate the precise and obvious divine signs and their message (7:146).

14.   The improbability and impossibility of the numerical structure of the Quran being produced by a medieval Arab genius becomes evident when we consider the following factors:

  • It includes simple elements of the Quran and goes deeper to an interlocking system of complex numerical patterns and relationships.
  • It involves not only frequencies of letters and words but also the numerical values of letters.
  • It involves not only an intricate numerical pattern but also a huge set of data consisting of units with multiple functions, such as letters that are also digits, words that are also numbers.
  • The nemeroliteral aspect of the Quran were not known by the adherents of the Quran until late 1960s and especially, 1974.
  • The literary aspect of the Quran has received praises from many literary giants throughout centuries.
  • The scientific accuracy of Quranic statements on various fields has been immaculate.
  • Muhammad was one of the busiest and greatest social and political reformists in human history.
  • The timing of the discovery of the code is precice and prophetic.
  • A series of prophetic events regarding the code has been fulfilled.

15.   Whether we like it or not, the Creator of the universe decided to design creatures that could make independent decisions from their original program. For some reasons that we may not know now, the Omniscient and Omnipotent Creator, by bringing specific limitations to His powers, is testing some of these creatures with their given ability to choose. He will later discard those programs that are infected with viruses and will select those who made good and proper decisions. Put it in computer terminology, Code 19 is one of those virus detectors. Its release year is 1974. It diagnoses the brains infected with the most destructive viruses called bigotry and polytheism, as well as the brains that are healthy. However, many people do not want to face the fact that the Hellfire and Smoke they see all over Chapter 74 is, in fact, the product of their own infected mind, their imagination.

16.   You may understand nothing from the information shared in this book and you may wonder by saying “So what? What does this number mean?” You may choose to be duped by the ingrates or extreme skeptics who are good in hiding the truth and distorting the facts. Or you may witness one of the greatest miracles. If you become one of the few lucky witnesses with clear vision, nothing will be the same for you. You will experience the taste of eternal peace, love and happiness starting in this life on this lowly planet. You will respond to tragedies and miseries with resolve and dignity, and you will respond to blessings and gains with humility and appreciation. As an active peacemaker, you will stand against falsehood, superstitions, hedonism, corruption, oppression, racism, nationalism, misogyny, intolerance and injustices without fear and hesitation. You will no longer believe in religious stories, you will no longer accept others as holy power-brokers between you and your Creator, and you will no more compromise your brain with illogical and nonsensical dogmas and taboos. You will no longer be a sheep exploited and manipulated by kings and priests, sultans and mullahs, rajahs and maharajs, politicians and pundits, atheists and polytheists. You will no more accept the claims of any “holy book” without unequivocal evidence. You will no more turn yourself into a schizophrenic character by allocating prime regions of your brain for contradictory beliefs, bizarre stories and Trojan horses. You will be a perpetual seeker of truth and submit yourself to the Truth alone. And the Truth will set you free. You will be honest; whenever your errors are shown, you will correct yourself. You will know that there is God, a Loving God, and you will receive God’s communication through countless yet consistent signs received from multiple channels: brain, heart, nature, scripture, and your personal experience. You will be as rational as a human can be, and you will have no doubt about the purpose of life, eternity and resurrection. Though you will not find all the answers to your philosophical questions, but you will find answers to the most important ones. Of course, as a natural consequence of your appreciation and responsibility as a witness, you will share this message of rational monotheism with your friends and relatives in the best possible manner and expecting no reward from them.

17. The author of this book challenges theologians, mathematicians, philosophers, thinkers, believers, agnostics and atheists, specifically, the living Pope, Evangelist Rick Warren, Atheist Richard Dawkins, Skeptic Michael Shermer, Mathematician Ian Stewart, professors at al-Azhar University, Ayatollahs in Qum, and other prominent scholars, including those who live in Ivory Towers, to respond to the function of Code 19 that provides extraordinary evidence for the extraordinary claims made by the Quran. The author is ready for face-to-face public debates at the place of their choice. The author also claims right to the James Randy Educational Foundation’s Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge and expects the JREF test his assertions regarding the fulfillment of the prophecies in Chapter 74 of the Quran.

18.   The author invites all mathematicians and specifically the mathematicians who have signed a petition rejecting the assertions made by the so-called Bible Code to examine Code19. They rightly rejected its claims in a petition published at CalTech.

“We refer in particular to the paper Equidistant Letter Sequences in the Book of Genesis, published in Statistical Science in 1994. This experiment suffers from major problems concerning both its execution and the interpretation of its conclusions. Even without these concerns, we would not take such extraordinary claims seriously without a vastly more systematic and thorough investigation. No such investigation has been carried out, nor has the work so far established a prima facie case. In addition, word clusters such as mentioned in Witztum’s and Drosnin’s books and the so called messianic codes are an uncontrolled phenomenon and similar clusters will be found in any text of similar length. All claims of incredible probabilities for such clusters are bogus, since they are computed contrary to standard rules of probability and statistics.”

http://math.caltech.edu/code/petition.html

Thus, I invite the same mathematicians who rejected the Bible Code to critically evaluate the merits of the Quranic assertion that the Quran itself is a numerically coded divine book, and the number 19 provides extraordinary evidence for its claims:

Robert E. L. Aldred, Dror Bar-Natan, Jay H. Beder, Valentina M. Borok, Robert Brooks, Mark Burgin , George M. Butler, Gary A. Chase, E. B. Davies, Percy Deift, Persi Diaconis, Laurence S. Freedman, Fritz Gesztesy, Sheldon Goldstein, Lawrence F. Gray, Rami Grossberg, Lee O. Hagglund, A. Michael Hasofer, Tim Hesterberg, Peter Hines, Svetlana Jitomirskaya, Gil Kalai, Fima Klebaner, David Klein, Richard N. Lane, Joel Lebowitz, Nati Linial, Gary Lorden, Brendan McKay, Tom Metzger, Stephen D. Miller, Paul Nevai, Amos Nevo, Eli Passow, John Allen Paulos, Yehuda Pinchover, Alexander Pruss, Maurice Rojas, Mary Beth Ruskai, Jeremy Schiff, Gideon Schwarz, Senya Shlosman, Barry Simon, Martha Simon, J. Laurie Snell, Terry Speed, Terence Tao, Ian Wanless, Thomas Ward, Herbert S. Wilf , Henry Wolkowicz, Abraham Wyner, Doron Zeilberger, Yakov I. Zhitomirskii…

Knowing that scientists and scholars too are not immune from popular prejudices, I do not expect much from mathematicians. Compared to religious communities, scientific communities provide more freedom to their members. Yet they too have their own conventions and taboos. There are red lines in each scientific community, and scientists who dare to challenge them may risk being penalized through excommunication, defamation, or loss of their jobs. For instance, questioning the atheistic spin on the theory of evolution could be considered an anathema in the biological field. Likewise, questioning the double standard in discriminating between the consumption of alcohol and other drugs might be costly for a scientist living in a world where the horrific harms of alcohol consumption to human health and morals are minimized, ignored, or even suppressed by interest groups ―such as beer and wine industries, as well as the scientists and media personnel who financially benefit from them― under the mantra of beneficial effects of “drinking in moderation.”

So I am not surprised if two scientist colleagues of mine, who had been supportive of this work for years, now decline to write positive reviews of my work. One of them is an accomplished mathematician and the other is a professor of statistics at a major US university. I cannot justify such fear, and I consider it a sign of weakness in the academic and business establishment. Phillip Davis of Brown University and Reuben Hersh of University of New Mexico support my impression:

“It is the writer’s impression that most contemporary mathematicians and scientists are agnostics, or if they profess to a religious belief, they keep their science and their religion in two separate boxes. What might be described as the ‘conventional scientific’ view considers mathematics the foremost example of a field where reason is supreme, and where emotion is does not enter; where we know with certainty, and know that we know; where truths of today are truths forever. This view considers religion, by contrast, a realm of pure belief unaffected by reason. In this view, all religions are equal because all are equally incapable of verification and justification.”[i]

Many mathematicians and scientists apparently are constrained to consider spending even a few minutes on this work, let alone studying it carefully and objectively. They may confuse the teaching of the Quran with the backwards religious teachings and practices of Sunni or Shiite sects. They may be suspicious of anything with religious connotations. They may be influenced by the political agendas and propaganda of Western imperialism against backwards countries with predominantly Muslim populations. They may have bad experience with similar claims such as the so-called Bible Code and confuse this work with esoteric numerology. They may also feel incompetent in assessing the value of the claims, since they assume it to be heavily dependent on the knowledge of Arabic, which is not.

As for Arabic-speaking scientists, or more generally, Muslim scientists, they may have extra impediments: the prejudices caused by Sunni and Shiite teachings, fear of violence from religious zealots who are extremely irritated when they see or hear about the number Nineteen, fear of condemnation by religious scholars who remain innumerate and ignorant, and/or fear of repressive governments that imprison and kill those who are declared as heretics…

On the other hand, I also know that critics have helped us to learn and appreciate more about this amazing evidence. Even if one of these mathematicians shows the courage and wisdom to study and then witness this prophetic sign, it might encourage their peers to get over their prejudices.

Though mathematicians are objective in their professions, when they are confronted with philosophical or theological arguments, most react skeptically, which is justifiable. However, there is a line between skepticism and dogmatism, between confidence and bigotry.


[i] Philip J. Davis & Reuben Hersh, The Mathematical Experience, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1981, 1983, 10th edition, p. 109.

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چقدر مسلمان هستید؟

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چقدر مسلمان هستید؟

نویسنده: ادیپ یوکسل
برگردان: محمد فهیم نعیمی

اسلام را نباید با معنای تحت الفظی آن در نظر گرفت، زیرا در آنصورت اسلام صرف تسلیم شدن و صلح معنا خواهد داد. در حالیکه مسلمان بودن یا تسلیم به خدا بودن، نمودهای زیادی دارد. حد اقل سه عرصه برای قواعد الهی وجود دارد و تنها راه رسیدن به صلح و خشنودی جاودان، اطاعت از قواعدی است که در این سه عرصه  وجود دارند.

این عرصه ها عبارت اند از:

1- قلمرو طبیعت؛ قواعد فزیکی

کائنات کتاب سه بعدیِ خدا است که به زبان قواعد طبیعی تحریر شده است. تمام اجسام سماوی به شمول بدنهای ما و اجزای اتومی تشکیل دهنده آنها از قواعد فزیکیِ که خالق آنها ایجاد کرده است پیروی میکنند. هر کی قواعد الهی (آیات الهی) در کائنات را میآموزد و از دستورات آن پیروی میکند با قرار گرفتن تکنالوژی در اختیارش، از جانب خداوند ج برایش پاداش داده میشود تا از زندگی این جهان لذت ببرد. کسیکه ترجیح میدهد در برابر قواعد الهی قرار بگیرد و آنرا نادیده بیانگارد بصورت خودکار بر مبنای همان قواعد مورد مجازات و تنبیه قرار میگیرد.

بگونه مثال، اعمار خانه بدون در نظرداشت نیروی جاذبه و حوادث طبیعی مانند زلزله و سیلاب ممکن است نتایج بسیار ناگواری را بدنبال داشته باشد. به عبارت دیگر، یک مسلمان باید قواعد الهی را در طبیعت بشناسد و از آن پیروی کند. آنهایی که با نشانه ها و قواعد الهی در کائنات مخالفت نمیکنند، مورد پاداش قرار میگیرند.

2- قلمرو جامعه؛ الزامات زندگی اجتماعی

نمودِ دیگر مسلمان بودن را باید در قلمرو جامعه جستجو کرد. انسانها به عنوان افزایندگان عقلانی ســودمندی بر مبنای منفعت – خودی باید از اصول مشخصی در جامعه پیروی کنند و محدودیت های معینی را بر خود اعمال نمایند. بگونه مثال، اگر یک انسان عاقل به این نتیجه برسد که زندگی با سایر انسانها سبب افزایش سودمندی میگردد و یا زندگی وی را بیشتر امن و راحت میسازد، پس تصمیم خواهد گرفت تا در شهر با مردم زندگی کند نه در کوه. وقتی یک انسان تصمیم گرفت که با دگران در فضای همکاری زندگی کند، پس بصورت عاقلانه و تجربی خواهد دانست که باید به زندگی، ملکیت و سایر حقوق انسانهای دیگر احترام بگذارد. در غیر اینصورت او در تضاد با تعهداتش در برابر جامعۀ که عضویت آنرا دارا است، قرار خواهد داشت. بنابر این، او یا با جنگ داخلی میان اعضای اجتماع یا با ظلم دگران، بی نظمی و یا هم از جانب مأموران تطبیق قانون مجازات خواهد شد.

از این لحاظ، شخصیکه متمدن است و به حقوق دگران احترام میگذارد مسلمان است و با بدست آوردن حیثیت، اعتبار و مقام و… پاداش داده خواهد شد. آیاتی که در کتابهای مقدس پیرامون مذمت قتل، دزدی، حسادت، دروغ و غیره وجود دارند، برای ما چیزی نو یا ناشناخته نیستند.  در واقع افرادیکه باور به افزایش عقلانی سودمندی بر مبنای منفعت-خودی دارند بصورت طبیعی به آنچه این فرمان های الهی امر میکند، عمل می نمایند. بصورت واضح، حد اقل هفت آیت اخیریکه در قسمت نهایی این مقاله تذکر رفته اند از جانب “سودمند گرایان” در اجتماع مورد پذیرش قرار میگرد و عملی میشوند. فرمان های مذکور تنها یادآوریی اند برای انسان های عاقل و پیامبران و رهنمایی یا هشداری اند برای آنهاییکه تمایلات غیر عقلانی دارند.

از این دیدگاه، مردمانیکه به معتقدات “سیکولار” و “اتیستیک” باور دارند نیز مسلمان هستند؛ زیرا آنها معمولاً از هفت مورد فرمانهای خداوندی که در اخیر این مقاله ذکر شده اند پیروی میکنند و با بدست آوردن نظامهای حقوقی، سیاسی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی بنحوی پاداش میگیرند. اما آنهایی که برتری جویی میکنند و آنهایی که بر سایرین بخاطر تفاوت های نژادی و مذهبی ستم روا میدارند، با بی نظمی، نا امنی، فساد و جنگ های دوامدار مورد مجازات قرار میگیرند.

قواعد الهی بصورت منطقی و ذاتی در ساختارهای اجتماعِ که متشکل از افراد است، حضور دارند. به عبارت دیگر، افراد یا گروه های کوچک انسانی برای افزایش سودمندی در اجتماع باید از یک سلسله اصول عقلانی در جامعه پیروی کنند.

با افزایش جمعیت جهان، پیشرفت وسایل ارتباط جمعی و حمل و نقل، مرزها مفهوم خود را از دست داده اند و وابستگی میان ملت ها افزایش یافته است. از اینرو، تجارت بین المللی به ناچار جشم انداز سیاسی جهان را بصورت دراماتیک تغییر خواهد داد و در جریان قرن بیست و یکم با احتمال بیشتر منافع ملی کشورها با منافع تمام جمعیت انسانهای جهان یکسان خواهد شد. هیچ ملتی نخواهد توانست تا در برابر تخطی از حقوق بشر و آلودگی محیطی در گوشه دیگری از جهان بی تفاوت باشد، زیرا مناقع اقتصادی آن ملت در خطر خواهد بود.

3- قلمرو خرد و معنویت؛ شناخت خداوند و شادکامیِ جاودانی

چرا ما به وحی از جانب خداوند نیازمند هستیم؟ چه ربطی بین وحی های مختلف وجود دارد؟ این سومین قلمرویست که مسلمان بودن در آن ضروری است. مسلمان بودن، که به معنای تسلیم شدن به خدا و پذیرفتن قواعد الهی است، تا زمانی نمیتواند کامل دانسته شود که از دل و جان نباشد. خشنودی و پاداش واقعی تنها زمانی بدست میاید که ما از دل و جان از قواعد طبیعی، اجتماعی و قواعد خداوندی پیروی کنیم و خداوند را به عنوان یگانه پادشاه روز جزا بدانیم.

این جنبۀ از مسلمان بودن، به صورت واقعی خشنودی و رهایی را به بار میارد و یکجا با عرصه های دیگرِ انقیاد به قواعد الهی، تمام تشویش ها را از بین میبرد و مشکلات را حل میسازد. بناً فردیکه از لحاظ عقلانی و روحانی به خداوند سر تسلیم فرود آورده است، با هیچ یکی از مصیبت های طبیعی، مانند، از دست دادن دوستان نزدیک، مرض، مرگ یا هر فاجعۀ دیگری، دست پاچه نمیشود. زیرا میداند که این جهان امتحانی بیش نیست و نسبت به زندگی جاودانی، عمر کوتاهی دارد. این چنین افراد بی نهایت خوش بین هستند و میدانند که بالآخره به نزد خداوند رجعت خواهند کرد؛ خداوندی که عادل، مهربان و دانا است.

بصورت خلاصه، تنها زمانی میتوانیم به خوشنودی در این جهان و جهان بعدی دست بیابیم که خود را تسلیم خداوند نمایم و از قواعد الهی که در درون تعاملات طبیعی و اجتماعی نهفته است پیروی کنیم.

اسلام از دید قرآن

چنانچه قبلاً نیز بیان داشتیم اسلام را نباید تحت الفظی معنا کرد، همچنانیکه اسلام تنها دینی نیست که حضرت محمدص آورده است، بلکه بر عکس اسلام شامل تمام آنهایی میشود که به خدای یکتا ایمان دارند و از وی اطاعت میکنند. قرآن به ما میآموزد که تمام مؤمنین از جانب خداوند مطیع (مسلمان) خوانده شده اند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 22، آیت 78). اسلام اسم توصیفی است و به معنای تسلیم و صلح است و بر اساس مفهوم قرآنی به معنای تسلیم صلح آمیز خویشتن فقط و فقط به خداوند یکتا است. اسلام مثالی و راهی برای زندگی کردن است که بر آزادی فردی از تمام قدرتها و پذیرش خداوند به عنوان یگانه قدرت مطلق تأکید میکند. به همین سبب یگانه راه قابل قبول برای زندگی کردن از جانب خداوندج، اسلام است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن سوره 3، آیات 19 الی 85). حضرت نوح، ابراهیم، موسی، داوود، سلیمان، عیسی و همه پیروان شان با واژگان مشابه، مطیع، فرمانبردار (مسلمان) شناخته میشدند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 10، آیت 72/ سوره 2، آیت 128/ سوره 10، آیت 84/ سوره 27، آیت 31/ سوره 5، آیت 111/ سوره 72، آیت 14). از آنجایی که تمام پیامبران فرامین خداوندی را به زبان مردم خود انتقال داده اند، بناً آنها اطاعت از خداوند را نه با کلمات عربیِ “اسلام” یا “مسلمان” بلکه با زبان خود شان بیان داشته اند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 14، آیت 4). بر اساس قرآن، بجز از اذهان ملحدین و مشرکین، در واقع، تمام کائنات به شمول جسم های مادی ملحدین و مشرکین، مطیع (مسلمان) هستند، زیرا تمام اجزاء، اتوم ها، مالیکولها، سیاره ها، ستاره ها، نورها و کهکشانها در هستی، مطیع و فرمانبردارِ قواعد الهی هستند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 41، آیت 11). سایه ها مطیعِ قواعد الهی هستند، حتا سایۀ جسم های ملحدین نیز (قرآن، سوره 13، آیت 15). هر چیزی در هستی مطیع و فرمانبردار سیستم خداوندی است؛ اطاعت از خداوند (عمل به اسلام) قانون طبیعت است (قرآن، سوره 3، آیت 83).

بر اساس آیات قرآن تمام پیامبران و حامیان شان مسلمان بودند. آنها در تلاش صلح بودند و تنها به خداوند سر تسلیم فرود میاوردند. حضرت نوح، ابراهیم، موسی، داوود، سلیمان، عیسی و پیروان شان با عین واژه، مطیع (مسلمان) یاد میشدند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 10، آیت 72/ سوره 2، آیت 128/ سوره 10، آیت 84/ سوره 27، آیت 31/ سوره 5، آیت 111/ سوره 72، آیت 14). از آنجایی که تمام پیامبران فرامین خداوندی را به زبان مردم خود انتقال داده اند، بناً آنها اطاعت از خداوند را نه با کلمات عربیِ “اسلام” یا “مسلمان” بلکه با زبان خود شان بیان داشته اند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 14، آیت 4). تمام اجسام سماوی مطیع خداوند هستند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 41، آیت 11). سایه ها مطیعِ قواعد الهی هستند، حتا سایۀ جسم های ملحدین، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 13، آیت 15). هر چیزی در هستی مطیع و فرمانبردار سیستم خداوندی است؛ اطاعت از خداوند (اسلام) قانون طبیعت است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 3، آیت 83).

اسلام:

·        اسلام به معنای اطاعت و فرمانبرداری، تنها از خداوند است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 2، آیت 112 الی آیت 131/سوره 6، آیت 71/سوره 22، آیت 34/سوره 40، آیت 66).

·        اسلام مستلزم تجارب شخصی در کنار شواهد عینی است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 3، آیت 86/سوره 2، آیت 111/سوره 21، آیت 24/سوره 74، آیت 30).

·        عقیده اسلامی بر مبنای احساسات و افکار پوچ استوار نیست، بلکه بر عکس مبتنی بر دلیل، منطق و مدرک بنا یافته است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 17، آیت 36).

·        اسلام در برابر قدرتهای دروغین بخاطر آزادی، شفافیت و مقامت قرار میگیرد، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 6، آیت 164).

·        اسلام از طریق رشد برابر نژادی و جنسی، اتحاد و همبستگی ایجاد میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 49، آیت 13).

·        اسلام خواهان صلح میان ملت ها است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 2، آیت 62/سوره 2، آیت 135 و آیت 136/سوره 208).

·        اسلام بدون در نظرداشت نژاد و عقیده خواهان عدالت برای همه است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 4، آیت 58/ سوره 5، آیت 8).

·        اسلام با توجه به واقعیت های خواهان صلح است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 60، آیت 89).

·        اسلام روحانیت و افراد واسط میان خداوند و مردم را رد میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 2، آیت 48/سوره 9، آیت 31 الی آیت 34).

·        اسلام توزیع ثروت، آزادی اقتصادی و رفاه اجتماعی را تشویق میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 2، آیت 215/ سوره 59، آیت 7).

·        اسلام رقابت در نیکوکاری و اخلاق را تقویت میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 16، آیت 90).

·        اسلام اقتصاد غیر مؤلد را رد میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 2، آیت 275/ سوره 5، آیت 90/ سوره 3، آیت 130).

·        اسلام در عرصه زندگی اجتماعی خواهان مشاوره و نمایندگی است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 42، آیت 38).

·        اسلام احترام گذاشتن به افراد را ترویج میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 5، آیت 32).

·        اسلام خواهان صلح، صداقت و مهربانی است و کارهای بد را منع میکند، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 3، آیت 110).

·        اسلام خواهان معیارهای بلند اخلاقی است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 25، آیت 63 الی آیت 76/ سوره 31، آیت 12 الی آیت 20/ سوره 23، آیت 1 الی آیت 11).

·        اسلام به زنان ارزش قایل است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 3، آیت 195/ سوره 4، آیت 124/ سوره 16، آیت 90).

·        اسلام از ما میخواهد تا با طبیعت و محیط زیست خود در همآهنگی باشیم، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 30، آیت 41).

·        اسلام خواهان آزادی عقیده و بیان است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 2، آیت 256/ سوره 18، آیت 29/ سوره 10، آیت 99/ سوره 88، آیت 21 و آیت 22).

هیچ جای تعجب نیست، زیرا که یگانه نظامی که از جانب خداوند تصدیق شده است، اسلام است، مراجعه شود به (قرآن، سوره 3، آیت 19 و 85).

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دموکراسی و نخبگان فاسد

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دموکراسی و نخبگان فاسد

نویسنده: دکتور ادیپ یوکسل

برگردان: فهیم نعیمی

“مردم ما بصورت طبیعی به سازمان ملل متحد بخاطر اتحاد و حمایت در مبارزه شان بر ضد دیکتاتوری فاشیست نگاه میکردند. برای هشت سال فریادِ خواستن کمک شان بلند بود؛ بد بختانه طوری به نظر میرسد که در برابر فریادهای شان گوشها کر بودند.” (رییس جمهور اوگاندا “گادفری بنایسا” پس از واژگون کردن حزب جنرال “ایدی امین” نمایندگان مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل متحد را بخاطر عدم رسیدگی کامل به مشکلات مردمش مورد سرزنش قرار میدهد.) (1)

“توماس م.فرانک” در مقاله خود تحت عنوان “ظهور حقِ داشتن حکومت دموکراتیک” به پیمانها و تجربه های متعدد بین المللی اشاره میکند که نمایانگر گرایش بین المللی بسوی پذیرفتن دموکراسی به عنوان حق مشروع و نشانگر جاگزینی حرکت دموکراسی خواهی از یک خواهش اخلاقی به مکلفیت مشروع بین المللی است (2).

“ایدی امین” و افرادی همانند وی باید تلاش شان برای اعلام رژیم دیکتاتوری را مورد بازبینی قرار دهند. زیرا “دیکتاتوری پرولتاریا” و همچنان نظام “دیکتاتوری فاشیستی” دگر “مدرنزاسیون” نامیده نمیشوند. تنها دموکراسی هدف امروزین جامعه بین المللی است. شاید به زودی تبدیل به آیین المللی گردد. “دموکراسی خواهی آرزوی حکومت ها است، برای اینکه بتوانند اعتبار کسب کنند” (3) اینکه موهم پرستان ادعا میکنند که “دموکراسی پارلمانی، راه جدیدی برای استعمار و فریب دادن مردمان ناآگاه جهان سومی توسط غرب است” دگر از مُد افتاده است. سه عنصر کلیدی قبلاً برای تعریف حکومت دموکراتیک در پیامانها و عملیات سازمان مللی متحد آمده است. مثلث خود ارادیت، آزادی بیان و انتخابات آزاد، تعهدیست که از جانب دموکراسی های جهان تأمین میگردد. روشنفکران حالا میتوانند مشروعیت یک نظام دموکراتیک را با سنجش شاخص های چهارگانۀ که با کلمات زیبایی همچون: تبار، کیفیت ظاهری، وابستگی و تبعیت بیان میشوند، تعیین کنند.

نویسنده (توماس م.فرانک) بیهوده تقلا میکند تا مشکل ترین عنصر دموکراسی یعنی خود ارادیت را تشریح کند. ماده 1 پیمان بین المللی حقوق مدنی سیاسی که در ماه نوامبر سال 1991 میلادی از جانب 113 کشور تصویب شد و تقریبا به قانون معمول تبدیل شده است، بیان میکند که “تمام مردمان از حق خود ارادیت برخوردار هستند.” از آنجایی که در ترکیب “خود ارادیت” واژه زیبای “خود” بکار رفته است، بناً این ترکیب حامل درخواست نیرومندی برای افزایش عقلانی منافع انسانها مبتنی بر منافع خودی است. اما وقتی پیرامون واقعیت “مردمان” میپرسی؛ مردمانیکه فرض میشود که برای برخورداری از حق خود ارادیت مطلوب هستند، این ترکیب، آن محتوای جاویی خود را از دست میدهد. خود ارادیت بزودی تغییر نموده و تبدیل میشود به “ژنوس” (خداوند رومی، دارای دو چهره و نگهبان راهها): یکی از چهرهایش که نیکوست، خود ارادیت را به مردم وعده میدهد و چهره غضب آلود دگرش حقوق کسانی را حفاظت میکند که پیشتر از آنانیکه سرنوشت شان تعیین نشده است، سرنوشت خود را تعیین کرده اند. بطور مثال بیشتر از 30 میلیون “کُردی” همیشه با چهره غضبناک و بین المللی “ژنوس” مواجه میشوند، چهرۀ که بروی کشورهایکه بصورت وحشیانه مردم کُرد را به دلیل درخواست شان برای استفاده مساویانه از حقی به اصطلاح خود ارادیت، مورد مجازات قرار میدهند، بصورت سخاوتمندانه میخندد. نه جدایی جغرافیایی شان، نه دوری نژادی و فرهنگی شان و نه هم جمعیت شان آنها را مستحق داشتن این حق میسازد. چنین به نظر میرسد که برای استفاده از این حق باید شایستگی خود را با ریختن “بیرل” ها خون انسانی از طریق رسم وحشیانۀ بین المللی که جنگ نامیده میشود، ثابت بسازی. از این رو تبار برای کسب خود ارادیت کافی نیست، مگر اینکه در جنگ خونینی برای خود ارادیت برنده شوی. بد بختانه من نمیتوانم ببینم، کجا میتوانیم دگر مردمان را که خواهان حق خود ارادیت خود هستند، متوقف کنیم. چرا باید شبه نظامیان “مونتانا” از خود ارادیت محروم شوند و یا چرا باید مردم “کارولینای جنوبی” از اعلان استقلال از دیکتاتوری فدرال ایالات متحده منع شوند؟

عنصر دوم، آزادی بیان است که نسبت به عنصر نخستین واضحتر است. ماده 19 اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر که ماده دلخواه من است، بصورت خاص این حق را به رسمیت میشناسد. ماده 20 این اعلامیه حق اجتماعات صلح آمیز و تشکیل انجمن ها را به رسمیت میشناسد. میثاق حقوق مدنی سیاسی، حقوق یاد شده را طی مواد متعدد بصورت مشرح بیان میکند (4).

حق انتخاب، از نظر نویسنده اخیراً به عنوان حق دموکراتیک ظاهر شده است. ماده 21 اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر حق رأی را بصورت برابر در سطح جهان که از طریق انتخابات آزاد و سری تأمین شده باشد، تصدیق میکند. ماده 25 میثاق حقوق مدنی سیاسی این حق را به هر یکی از شهروندان تسری میدهد. نویسنده (توماس م.فرانک) مثال های زیادی را از تلاشهای بین المللی برای ترقی و نظارت بر انتخابات آزاد و دموکراتیک در کشورهای از جهان که دارای مشکلات بودند، ذکر میکند.

با اینحال نویسنده (توماس م.فرانک)  در باره اجرای این حق در کشورهای غربی، مخصوصاً در امریکا خاموش است. وقتی ما در باره نقش و تأثیرگذاری گروه های ذینفع و لابی ها در دورنمای سیاسی واشنگتن تأمل میکنیم، نمیتوانیم خاموش باشم، بلکه از خود میپرسیم: آیا این واقعاً نظام دموکراتیکی است که از تمام مردم نمایندگی میکند؟ آیا این نظامی است که “از جانب مردم، توسط مردم، بر مردم” خوانده شده بود؟ اشتراک در انتخابات چگونه میتواند در یک کشور مساویانه باشد، در صورتیکه 1 درصد از جمعیت 39 درصد ثروت را در اختیار داشته باشند و لابی ها از محترم ترین و با نفوذترین شخصیت ها در عرصه سیاسی باشند. چرا نباید تجربه دموکراسی و نظام انتخاباتی آنرا مورد پرسش قرار دهیم؟ آیا دموکراسی میتواند شیوه سریع، مؤثر و مخفی برای تصدیق گفته های نخبگان قدرتمند باشند؟ آیا میتواند افیون دیگری برای توده ها و یا یک اغفال شیطانی توده ها باشد؟

خوب، من باور دارم که دموکراسی بهترین نظامی است که تا حال داشته ایم. اما فکر میکنم نباید ما مشکلات آنرا نادیده بگیریم، بلکه باید همیشه به آن نگاه انتقادی خود را حفظ کنیم. هر هفته تقریباً 1500 بار امتیاز استفاده از اختراعات و دیزائین ها در امریکا به مخترعین و مبتکرین در عرصه علوم فزیکی توشیح میشود. بناً ما نباید فکر کنیم که آخرین سیستم سیاسی را نیز ابداع کرده ایم. فکر میکنم ما باید خلاقیت خود را به کار ببریم و نظام دموکراتیک خود را مترقی و بهتر بسازیم. ما باید آنرا در همسایگی، دانشگاهها و شهرهای خود امتحان کنیم. حتا اگر لازم باشد عناصر ناکارای “انتخابات آزاد” را نیز باید ترک کرد. فکر میکنم اشتباه خواهد بود که یک روش را مقدس بدانیم. من با گفته های پروفیسور “رایس من” موافقم هستم که گفت انتخابات “مصداق ملی بودن حاکمیت داخلی و بنیادی برای مشروعیت بین المللی حکومت منتخب است” (5). من فکر میکنم که انتخابات آزاد، یگانه مصداق حاکمیت ملی است.

در باره تنش بین اجرای بزور و یا نظارت بر انتخابات آزاد و حاکمیت ملی حکومت ها در امور داخلی شان… من فکر میکنم این تنش از جانب جهان غرب ایجاد شده است. نظارت جهانی انتخابات در تمام کشورها از جانب سازمان ملل متحد میتواند این مشکل را نابود سازد. این عمل کشورهای تحت نظارت را از حقارت احتمالی نیز حفظ خواهد کرد. یک معاهده بین المللی متواند حق نظارت سازمان ملل متحد را به عنوان جریان عادی در نظارت بر پروسه های انتخاباتی در تمام کشورها تأمین کند. خیالات نویسنده (توماس م.فرانک) در آرزوی یک دموکراسی جهانی است: “اگر که پذیرش داوطلبانه نظارت، به عنوان تجربه معمول دولت ها تبدیل گردد، به تدریج از یک حالت انتخابی به عادت و در نهایت به یک حالت اجباری تبدیل خواهد شد و به نیازهای دموکراسی خواهی پاسخ مثبت خواهد داد (6). بدبختانه، آرزوی های من و نویسنده (توماس م.فرانک) تا زمانیکه تکبر و بلند پروازی ابر قدرت ها مانع یک چنین نظارت بین المللی میگردد، مدینۀ فاضلۀ بیش نخواهد بود.

در این هیچ شکی نیست که دموکراسی، حتا در حالت ناقص نیز یک سلسله محافظت های را برای حقوق بشر تأمین میکند. دانستن در باره آرزوی بزرگ نخبگان قدرتمند برای تحمیل منافع شان و توانایی غیر قابل انکار شان در تغییر و توافق، ضروری است و باید نظام دموکراتیک با اختیار شیوه های محافظتی در برای این نخبگان فاسد نگهداری شود. مبارزه بر ضد این میکروب های سیاسی عمدتاً یک کار بین المللی نیست، بلکه وظیفه هر یکی از شهروندان است. یک وظیفه پایان ناپذیر.

(1) Thomas M. Franck, The Emerging Right To Democratic Governance, The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 86:46, p. 83).
(2) Id., p. 47
(3) Id., p. 50
(4) Articles 18, 19, and 22.
(5) Supra 1 at 75.
(6) Id., 85

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Errors in English Translations of the Quran

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Errors in English Translations of the Quran

(From the Introduction of Quran: a Reformist Translation, Brainbow Press)

Quran: a Reformist Translation

Quran: a Reformist Translation

On the following pages, you will find several comparisons between our translation and that of traditional orthodox English renditions of the Quran. By the word “tradition,” we refer to the works that heavily rely on hearsay reports such as hadith, sunna, and sectarian jurisprudence.

We chose to compare our work primarily with the translation of Yusuf Ali, Pickthall, and Shakir, since they reflect most of the common errors and ­distortions, and because they are popular translations among the English-speaking Sunni population.

We use standard reference numbers in referring to specific passages of the Quran: the number preceding the colon is always the chapter number, and the subsequent numbers are always verse numbers.

Should Men Beat Their Wives?

A famous (and controversial) passage in the Quran has brought about a great deal of misunderstanding about Islam. When in 1989, I started translating the Quran to Turkish, verse 4:34 was among a few verses that I noted down on an orange paper for further research. I had problem with my understanding of it and I let its solution to God, in accordance to the instruction of verse 20:114. I shared the story of my discovery of its original meaning with my Turkish readers in “Errors in Turkish Translations of the Quran” (1992). Below are three translations of that verse, reflecting a deformed mindset followed by our translation:

! Disputed passage: The traditional rendering is: you may beat them.

Yusuf Ali Pickthall Shakir Reformist
Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has given the one more (strength) than the other, and because they support them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient, and guard in (the husband’s) absence what Allah would have them guard. As to those women on whose part ye fear disloyalty and ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) beat them (lightly); but if they return to obedience, seek not against them Means (of annoyance): For Allah is Most High, great (above you all). (4:34) Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and because they spend of their property (for their support of women). So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah hath guarded. As for those from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and scourge them. Then, if they obey you, seek not a way against them. Lo! Allah is ever High Exalted, Great. (4:34) Men are the maintainers of women because Allah has made some of them to excel others and because they spend out of their property; the good women are therefore obedient, guarding the unseen as Allah has guarded; and (as to) those on whose part you fear desertion, admonish them, and leave them alone in the sleeping-places and beat them; then if they obey you, do not seek a way against them; surely Allah is High, Great. (4:34) The men are to support the women by what God has gifted them over one another and for what they spend of their money. The reformed women are devotees and protectors of privacy what God has protected. As for those women from whom you fear disloyalty, then you shall advise them, abandon them in the bedchamber, and separate from them; if they obey you, then do not seek a way over them; God is High, Great. (4:34)

DISCUSSION OF 4:34

“Verse 4:34 of the Quran orders Muslims to beat their wives; therefore, Islam is a male-dominant religion.” Many of us have heard this criticism from Christians, Atheists, Agnostics, and others. Though wife-beating is not a Muslim specialty, and domestic violence is an endemic problem in the West as well as the East, the issue nevertheless is whether it is justified by God. Most people reading conventional translations of 4:34 feel that something is deeply wrong. How could God, the Most Wise order us to beat our women? What kind of solution is that? It appears to be in contrast to the verses in which God describes marriage:

“Among His signs is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves, in order to have tranquility and contentment with each other. He places in your heart love and care towards your spouses. In this, there are signs for people who think.” (30:21)

Obviously, these mixed messages have bothered many contemporary translators of the Quran. To avoid the moral and intellectual problems, they try to soften the word “beat” when they translate the verse 4:34. For instance, Yusuf Ali uses a merciful parenthesis after “beat,” adding the word “(lightly).” This insertion does not appear in the Arabic text; it serves as a kind of apology for his translation of the surrounding material.

Later, Rashad Khalifa, a leading figure in the modern Islamic reform movement, rather than questioning the orthodox translation of the word, demonstrates his discomfort with his own version of orthodox translation by an implausible argument in the footnote and a contradictory subtitle before the verse: “Do not beat your wife.” (However, Rashad Khalifa does not duplicate the orthodox distortion of other key words in the verse).

Many orthodox translators have tried to beat around the bush when it comes to explaining this passage, and perhaps just as many have beaten a hasty retreat from those inquiring after the author’s intention — but all have found themselves, in the end, beaten by 4:34.

Now please reread the sentence above. You will see that the word “beat” has been used three times, conveying totally different meanings each time: a verbal phrase meaning “avoid approaching directly” (“beat around the bush”); a verbal phrase meaning “depart quickly” (“beat a hasty retreat”) and the status of having been defeated (“beaten”). Interestingly, the Arabic verb traditionally translated by male translators as “beat” or “scourge” — iDRiBuhunne – also has numerous different meanings in Arabic, which is reflected by the Quran.

When I finished the Turkish translation (1991), this verse was on the top of my list to study carefully. Whenever I encounter a problem regarding the understanding of a Quranic verse, I remember 20:114 and pray accordingly: “Most Exalted is God, the only true King. Do not rush into (understanding) the Quran before it is revealed to you, and say, ‘My Lord, increase my knowledge.'”

Almost all of the translations have mistranslated the four key words or terms of this particular verse. These are:

  • Qawwamun;
  • Faddallallahu ba’dahum ala ba’d;
  • Nushuzahunna; and
  • Fadribuhunna

In one of my books published in Turkey in 1992, “Errors in Turkish Translations,” I discussed the real meaning of these words and the motivation and reasons for mistranslating them. Let’s first start from the last one.

A Famous Multiple-Meaning Word

The main problem comes from the word iDRiBuhunna, which has traditionally been translated as “beat them.” The root of this word is DaRaBa. If you look at any Arabic dictionary, you will find a long list of meanings ascribed to this word. In fact, you will find that that list is one of the longest lists in your Arabic dictionary. It can be said that DaRaBa is the number-one multiple-meaning word in Arabic. It has so many different meanings; we can find numerous different meanings ascribed to it in the Quran.

  • To travel, to get out: 3:156; 4:101; 38:44; 73:20; 2:273
  • To strike: 2:60,73; 7:160; 8:12; 20:77; 24:31; 26:63; 37:93; 47:4
  • To beat: 8:50; 47:27
  • To set up: 43:58; 57:13
  • To give (examples): 14:24,45; 16:75,76,112; 18:32,45; 24:35; 30:28,58; 36:78; 39:27,29; 43:17; 59:21; 66:10,11
  • To take away, to ignore: 43:5
  • To condemn: 2:61
  • To seal, to draw over: 18:11
  • To cover: 24:31
  • To explain: 13:17

As you see, in the Quran alone we can attest to the verb DaRaBa having at least ten different meanings. DaRaBa also has other meanings that are not mentioned in the Quran. For example, in modern Arabic, you do not print money–you DaRaBa money. You do not multiply numbers–you DaRaBa numbers. You do not cease doing work–you DaRaBa doing work. In Turkish, we have many verbs similar to the Arabic DaRaBa, such as Çalmak, which means to play, steal, or strike. In English, we have two verbs that are almost equivalent to DaRaBa. These are “strike” and “beat.” Consider, for the sake of comparison, that Webster’s Dictionary gives fourteen different meanings for the verb “to strike,” and eight for the verb “to beat”! (One strikes a match, strikes a deal, strikes an opponent, strikes gold, goes “on strike” against an unfair employer; one beats another team, beats out a rhythm, beats a retreat, and so on.).

Finding the Appropriate Meaning

Whenever we encounter a multiple-meaning word in the Quran we must select the proper meaning (or meanings) given the context, the Arabic forms, the usage of the same word elsewhere in the Quran, and a certain amount of common sense. For instance, if one were to translate DaRaBa in 13:17 as “beat” (as one could conceivably do), the meaning would be ridiculous:

.” . . God thus beats truth and falsehood…” (13:17)

A more sensitive rendering of the context, however, yields a better translation:

“… God thus explains truth and falsehood…” (13:17)

Another example of mistranslation of DaRaBa can be found in the translation of 38:44. Almost all the translations inject a rather silly story to justify their rendering of the passage. Here is how Yusuf Ali translates the first portion of this verse, which is about Job:

“And take in the hand a little grass, and strike therewith: and break not (the oath).” (38:44)

Yusuf Ali, in the footnote, narrates the traditional story: “He (Job) must have said in his haste to the woman that he would beat her: he is asked now to correct her with only a wisp of grass, to show that he was gentle and humble as well as patient and constant”.

However, without assuming the existence of this strange, male-viewpoint story (which has no other reference in the Quran), we can translate the verse as:

Yusuf Ali Reformist
And take in thy hand a little grass, and strike therewith: and break not (thy oath)… (38:44) Take in your hand a bundle and travel with it, and do not break your oath… (38:44)

Another Take on 4:34

In keeping with the translation we have used in 38:44, we translate the controversial “beating” portion of 4:34 as “leave her” (Literally, the phrase might also be rendered “strike them out,” meaning, in essence, “Separate yourselves from such wives.”).

Additionally, the word nushuz, which is generally translated as “opposition” or “rebellion” in 4:34, has another meaning. If we study 4:34 carefully we will find a clue that leads us to translate that word as embracing a range of related ideas, from “flirting” to “engaging in an extramarital affair” – indeed, any word or words that reflects the range of disloyalty in marriage. The clue is the phrase before nushuz, which reads: “… they honor them according to God’s commandments, even when alone in their privacy.” This phrase emphasizes the importance of loyalty in marriage life, and helps us to make better sense of what follows.

Interestingly, the same word, nushuz, is used later in the same chapter, in 4:128 – but it is used to describe the misbehavior of husbands, not wives, as it was in 4:34. In our view, the traditional translation of nushuz, that is, “opposition” will not fit in both contexts. However, the understanding of nushuz as marital disloyalty, in a variety of forms, is clearly appropriate for both 4:34 and 4:128.

The fourth key word is QaNiTat, which means “devoted to God,” and in some verses is used to describe both man and woman (2:116,238; 3:17,43; 16:120; 30:26; 33:31,35; 39:9; 66:5,12). Though this word is mostly translated correctly as “obedient,” when read in the context of the above-mentioned distortion it conveys a false message implying women must be “obedient” to their husbands as their inferiors. The word is mentioned as a general description of Muslim women (66:12), and more interestingly as a description of Mary who, according to the Quran, did not even have a husband! (66:12).

A Coherent Understanding

When we read 4:34, we should not understand iDRiBuhunna as “beat those women.” We should, instead, remember that this word has multiple meanings. God gives us three ways of dealing with marital disloyalty on the part of a wife. In the beginning stage of such misbehavior, the husband should begin to address the problem by giving advice. If this does not work, he should stop sleeping in the same bed and see if this produces a change in behavior. And if there is still no improvement in the situation, the husband has the right to compel a separation.

The Quran gives analogous rights to women who must deal with disloyal husbands (4:128); this is in accordance with the principle that women have “similar” rights to men in such situations, as stated clearly in 2:228. These would hardly be “similar” rights if women had to suffer physical beatings for marital disloyalty, and men did not!

Beating women who are cheating and betraying the marriage contract is not an ultimate solution, and it is not consistent with the promise of equitability and comparable rights that appears in 2:228. (This is an important consideration, because the Quran proclaims, and Muslims believe, that it is utterly free from inconsistencies.) But “striking out” the disloyal wives – that is, separating from them — is consistent, and it is the best solution. It is also fair.

Should Theieve’s Hands be Cut Off ?

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Prime number 19

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All about the number 19

From: https://primes.utm.edu/curios/page.php/19.html

+ Intercalation in the Chinese Calendar is after the eighth month every 19 years and is called ren ba yue (Double August). According to tradition, tragedy will follow when the month is added at that time. [Gevisier]

+ Egyptian biochemist Rashad Khalifa (1935-1990) claimed that he discovered an intricate numerical pattern in the text of the Qur’an involving the number 19. Sura 74:30 reads: “Over it are nineteen.”

+ In his August 1941 Afterward to Thomas Wolfe’s book The Hills Beyond, NY, Wolfe’s editor, Edward C. Aswell, remarks that Thomas Wolfe’s second book, never published, was to have been titled K19. When Wolfe died, Aswell watched the train carrying his coffin go by. Train K19! [Haga]

+ The smallest prime that is equal to the product of its digits plus the sum of its digits: 19 = (1 * 9) + (1 + 9). [Losnak]

+ The Bahá’í calendar, established in the middle of the 19th century, is based on cycles of 19 years. Years are composed of 19 months of 19 days each. [Dybwad]

+ (19 – 1) divides (1919 – 1) a prime number of times. [Wagstaff]

+ 19 is the smallest prime p such that 10*p {+ 1, 3, 7, and 9} are all primes. [Das]

+ 19 is the smallest prime p such that p and p2 have the same sum of digits.

+ The recurring decimal cycles for 1/19 to (19 – 1)/19 form a true magic square.

+ Blaise Pascal deduced 19 theorems related to his famous triangle.

+ 1111 * 11111 + 111111111 + 1 (19 ones) is prime. [Fougeron]

+ A street in Rome named St. John’s Lane is only 19 inches wide.

+ The first prime repfigit number. A repfigit (repetitive fibonacci-like digit) number is an n-digit integer N with the following property: if a Fibonacci-like sequence (in which each term in the sequence is the sum of the n previous terms) is formed, with the first n terms being the decimal digits of the number N, then N itself occurs as a term in the sequence. For example, if the digits of 19 start a Fibonacci-like sequence, then 19 appears as a term: 1, 9, 10, 19. These are also known as Keith numbers. [Beedassy]

+ The number of trailing 0’s in 80!.

+ Amendment 19 to the United States Constitution gave women the right to vote. [Filler]

+ 19 European nations endorsed the first international ban on human cloning.

+ 21 + 32 + 53 + 74 + 115 + 136 + 177 + 198 is prime.

+ Product 19 is a multi-vitamin and mineral cereal of toasted corn, oats, wheat, and rice.

+ The Rhind papyrus contained a problem to find x so that x plus one seventh of x will equal 19.

+ An idiot is someone with an intelligence quotient (IQ) less than or equal to 19. [Brenner]

+ 19 = 8 + 2 + 8 + 1, and its reversal equals the square root of 8281.

+ Pont du Gard aqueduct in southern France was built in 19 B.C. [Feather]

+ 19 = 4! – 3! + 2! – 1!.

+ In golf, the clubhouse bar is referred to as the 19th Hole.

+ 195 + 192 + 191 + 193 + 195 + 196 + 194 + 190 = 52135640. [De Geest]

+ A gene on Chromosome 19 has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease.

+ In the game of Go, two players alternate in placing black and white stones on a large (19-by-19 line) ruled board, with the aim of surrounding territory.

+ Consider a chess endgame where a King plus Opposite-Colored Bishops (i.e., two Bishops each residing on opposite-colored squares) versus a King. The checkmate requires, at most, 19 moves (if the side with the bishops move first).

+ For k = 1, 2, 3, … 19 at least one of the integers of the form 6k + 1 or 6k – 1 is prime. [Crespi de Valldaura]

+ The smallest number of neutrons for which there is no stable isotope. [Hartley]

+ 19 divides its following consecutive concatenated composite numbers (202122). [De Geest]

+ The largest prime on the Ishango bone. This tool (made from the fibula of a baboon) was found on the shore of Africa’s Lake Edward and is believed to be at least 20000 years old. The numbers on one of its columns form a prime quadruple. It is now located on the 19th floor of the Royal Belgium Institute of Natural Sciences in Brussels.

+ For decades, mathematicians the world over would open their doors to find the homeless Paul Erdős (1913-1996) announcing, “My brain is open!” It is rumored that for 19 hours a day, seven days a week, stimulated by coffee, and later by amphetamines, he worked on mathematics. One of his greatest achievements was the discovery of an elementary proof for the prime number theorem.

+ If we pretend pi = 60/19, then a radius of 57 gives a circumference of exactly 360. [Moody]

+ “The Sun” is numbered with 19 in Tarot cards.

+ The Metonic cycle, which involves the phase cycle of the Moon, is a period of about 19 Julian years. [Gevisier]

+ 19 is the largest prime that can be expressed pandigitally in some base b > 1 (19 = 201 in base 3). [Keith]

+ (1919 – 219)/(19 – 2) is prime. [Luhn]

+ Waring conjectured in 1770 that every positive integer can be expressed as a sum of at most 19 biquadrates (fourth powers). This was later proven by Balasubramanian, Deshouillers, and Dress.

+ Scores of people once died from the Anthrax bacterium following an accident at “Compound 19,” a Soviet military facility in the city of Sverdlovsk (now called Yekaterinburg).

+ 19 times its reversal is the famous Hardy-Ramanujan number.

+ 19 is the smallest prime which is the sum of three discrete primes (3 + 5 + 11). [Mander]

+ The smallest prime that yields another if its sum of digits is sandwiched between its digits. [Silva]

+ Flight 19 disappeared in the Bermuda Triangle. [Leonard]

+ The Statue of Liberty’s torch shines through leaded glass, illuminated by 19 lamps. [Pitkin]

+ Osama bin Laden has 19 brothers. [NBC News]

+ In ancient Sweden the dates of the full moon were computed by runic calendar sticks (runstavar) with the full moon marked only at 19 fixed dates within each month. [Haga]

+ The composer Béla Bartók finished his Opus 19 in 1919, when he was 38 (twice 19) years old; the title in his native Hungarian (A csodálatos mandarin) has 19 letters. [Ace]

+ Steely Dan had a hit song called “Hey Nineteen.”

+ A hoax chess machine nicknamed “the Turk” once sent Napoleon Bonaparte into a fury by beating him in 19 moves. [Hsu]

+ Inserting seventeen zeros between the two digits of 19 makes another prime of exactly 19 digits. Note that seventeen and 19 are twin primes. [De Geest]

+ The main building of the North Dakota State Capitol is a 19-story Art Deco skyscraper. It is the tallest building in North Dakota in terms of stories. [Bergane]

+ Hangeul (the Korean alphabet) has 19 consonants. [Poo Sung]

+ 19 is the smallest prime whose reversal is composite. [Gupta]

+ The smallest prime using/ending with a composite digit. [Murthy]

+ The smallest number (coincidentally prime) with an additive persistence of 2. [Gupta]

+ The only prime that is equal to the difference of two prime cubes. [Gupta]

+ The decimal expansion of 1919 begins with the digits 19. This is not true for pp, where p is any other prime less than 19,000,000,019. [Caldwell]

+ “19” is the term used to describe a worthless hand in the game of cribbage. [Cary]

+ The smallest invertible prime.

+ The Vice-President of the United States rates a 19-gun salute. [Dobb]

+ Sigmund Freud was 19 years older than Carl Jung.

+ (2^19-1)/(2-1) and (2^19+1)/(2+1) are both primes. [Dobb]

+ Earth’s mass (5.9736 * 1024) and volume (1.083*1012) are both multiples of 19. Earth’s volume is in fact a multiple of 192.

+ The first prime number presenting and meaning the same value within the “western” world and the “arabic” is the number 19. All other recognizable prime numbers are with the combination of a 1 and 9. [ThaCoDa]

+ The speed limit (in miles per hour) on the private roads of the Cambourne development near Cambridge, England. [Croll]

+ The 19th Fibonacci number is the smallest F(P) which is composite where P is itself prime. [Rupinski]

+ The only number or prime for which there is no palindrome with a digit sum n and beginning with n. [Murthy]

+ If p, q, r, s are consecutive prime numbers such that p > q > r > s > 19, then floor((p * q)/(r * s)) = 1. [Capelle]

+ 19 is the |1 – 9|th prime number. [Caldwell]

+ 19 people had been hanged by the time the Salem witch hysteria died down in 1692. [La Haye]

+ 19 is the smallest two-digit number such that 19^19+19-1 is prime. [Opao]

+ The sum of 19 consecutive Fibonacci numbers starting from the 19th Fibonacci number is prime. [Opao]

+ There are exactly 19 primes beginning with the digit 2 among primes smaller than one thousand. [Capelle]

+ The smallest prime formed from distinct non-prime digits. [Silva]

+ 19^19 – 2 is prime. Note that it starts with the digits 19. [Patterson]

+ 192 = 361 and 3*6+1 = 19. [Madras]

+ 19 is the largest prime factor of 1444 – the smallest perfect square to end in three 4’s. Note that 4 is the only non-zero digit that can repeat at the end of a perfect square, and the most consecutive 4’s that can appear in such a place is three. [Litman]

+ The smallest two-digit prime with a prime ASCII code: 3139 (in base 16) = 12601. [Necula]

+ 19 divides the concatenation of the integers from 19 down to 1. [De Geest]

+ Professor Barabási and his team have found that the World Wide Web on average has 19 clicks of separation between webpages. [McAlee]

+ Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: “Everyone has the right to the freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.” [McAlee]

+ 2^19 – 19 is prime. [Schlesinger]

+ The smallest prime p such that p^p is pandigital. [Patterson]

+ 19 is the smallest super-2 number (curiously prime), i.e., an integer n such that 2n^2 contains 2 consecutive 2s in its decimal representation. [De Geest]

+ The largest value of n less than a thousand, such that 2n+3n+5n+7n is prime. [Opao]

+ 19 is the smallest prime equal to the product of twin primes plus their arithmetic mean (3*5 + 4 = 19). [Teofilatto]

+ Paul Hardcastle had a hit song called “19.” [Wolfe]

+ The second (and last) trip of the USS Absaroka across the Atlantic to European waters ended in New York in February 1919. On December 24, 1941, the Japanese submarine I-19 fired two torpedoes at that same ship, which was carrying a cargo of lumber, two miles off Pt. Fermin (San Pedro, California). The ship didn’t sink but one sailor was killed by falling lumber. [Haga]

+ 19 is the smallest prime of the form 3p + 2q, where p and q are twin primes. [Teofilatto]

+ 19 is the smallest prime with a digital root of 1. [McAlee]

+ Any number that is divisible by 19 will have this property: multiply the last digit by 2, then add that number to the remaining digits and the resulting number will be divisible by 19. E.g., 625632 is divisible by 19 because all of following results are divisible by 19:(62563 + 4 = 62567); (6256 + 14 = 6270); (627 + 0 = 627); (62 + 14 = 76); (7 + 12 = 19); (1 + 18 = 19). [Beedle]

+ 19 is the only prime p less than 30 that does not divide 30, where p + 30 is composite. [Axoy]

+ 19 is the only known number for which both (10^n-1)/9 and (10^n+1)/11 are primes.

+ 19 + 18 + … + 1 + 0 = 190. [Brand]

+ phi(19) – pi(19) = 1 + 9. 19 is the only prime with this property. [Firoozbakht]

+ The sum of the first powers of 9 and 10 and the difference between the second powers of 9 and 10. [Gardner]

+ Football legend Johnny Unitas wore jersey number 19. [Hutchins]

+ Consider a square made of four rigid rods, hinged at the ends. How many rods of the same type must be added to make the square rigid in the plane? The answer is 19, which makes a total of 23 rods (also prime). [McCranie]

+ Here is the mathematical code to determine if a number is divisible by 19. Multiply everything in front of the last digit by nine and subtract the last digit. If you get zero, nineteen, or a multiple of nineteen, the number will be divisible by 19. For example 57. Five times nine minus seven equals 38. Since 19 divides evenly into 38, it divides evenly into 57. Next example 114. Eleven times nine minus four equals 95. Since 19 divides evenly into 95, it divides evenly into 114. [Young]

+ 19 is the smallest prime mentioned a prime number of times in the KJV Bible. [Opao]

+ The smallest multidigit number (coincidentally prime) that does not form a palindrome when added to its reversal. [Capelle]

+ The only two-digit prime n such that n!/reversal(n)+1 and n!/reversal(n)-1 are both prime. [Patterson]

+ The prime rate published in The Wall Street Journal was 19.00 on October 5, 1981. This remains the highest prime-numbered prime rate since that time. [Goelz]

+ Not counting Panno’s resignation (1. c4 resigns), Bobby Fischer won 19 consecutive games at the World Championship Interzonal tournament and Candidates matches in 1970-71. [McCranie]

+ The Fractran algorithm (John Horton Conway’s prime-producing machine) is an interesting but terribly inefficient way to generate prime numbers. It requires 19 steps to compute the first prime, 2.

+ D. H. Lehmer’s electromechanical number sieve used 19 bicycle chains. [Bell]

+ The first verse of the Qur’an (known as “Basmalah”) consists of 19 Arabic letters. [Yuksel]

+ The following are primes: 19, 109, 1009, 10009. No other digit can replace the 9 and yield four primes. [This is the first entry listed as a “Prime Curio” in the book NUMBERS: Fun & Facts by J. Newton Friend; Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York (1954); Library of Congress Catalog No. 54-8690, p. 45.]

+ Farideh Firoozbakht improved the Papadimitriou’s conjecture and proposed that every prime number p greater than or equal to 19 can be written as p = 2q + 3r, where q and r are odd primes. [Capelle]

+ An unistable polyhedron is stable on only one face. The simplest such polyhedron known requires 19 faces. Whether unistability is possible with fewer faces is an unsolved problem. [McCranie]

+ The first prime p such that p^2 is the reversal of a prime (163). [Silva]

+ 19 terms are required in the Gregory-Leibniz series, i.e., 4(1 – 1/3 + 1/5 – 1/7 + 1/9 – …), for the first appearance of “3.1” in the decimal expansion of pi.

+ In chess positions with a king and pawn versus a king in which pawn promotion can be forced, at most 19 moves are required to promote the pawn (with best play by both sides). [McCranie]

+ The smallest prime which is the sum of two semiprimes in two different ways. [Post]

+ 19^0 + 19^1 + … + 19^18 (19 terms) is prime. [Caldwell]

+ The largest prime that is palindromic in Roman numerals alphabetically is XIX (19). [Beedassy]

+ The smallest titanic hexagonal-congruent prime has 19 ones on each of its six sides. Therefore each side of this hexagon is a repunit prime.

+ C19A became the largest iceberg in the world after the previous largest iceberg cracked into two different pieces. (It is the size of Brunei.) [Junie]

+ 19 is the “age of majority” adopted under federal jurisdiction in two US states, viz., Nebraska, Alabama. [Beedassy]

+ “Let me tell you how it will be. There’s one for you, 19 for me.” Lyrics by George Harrison from the song “Taxman” by The Beatles. [Post]

+ The sum of all single-digit semiprimes. Insert two 0’s between its digits and you will have the sum of the cubes of those semiprimes. [Silva]

+ The index p of the largest known Mersenne prime Mp = 2p – 1 having an associated perfect number Mp*2p – 1 that is short of a prime by 1. [Beedassy]

+ 19 = 1*5 + 3*3 + 5*1. [Poo Sung]

+ The largest natural number n for which the sum of digits is not smaller than n/2. [Capelle]

+ The number of topologically distinct planar configurations without discontinuities that are possible using six matches. [Beedassy]

+ Both numbers reversal(19! – 1) and reversal(19! + 1) are primes. 19 is the largest known prime with this property. [Firoozbakht]

+ The number of characters in www.primecurios.com is prime. [Matheny]

+ 19 is the only known prime of the form n^n – 8. The next prime in this form (if it exists) will have more than 34000 digits. [Firoozbakht]

+ The MathScience Innovation Center in Richmond, Virginia, is governed by a 19-member board consisting of a superintendent and school board member from each consortium division and several at-large members.

+ 19 is the smallest prime which is the sum of three discrete composites (4 + 6 + 9). [Post]

+ Some positions (e.g., “superflip”) on the original Rubik’s Cube cannot be solved in 19 or less face turns.

+ Only known prime of the form p*prime(p)^p + 1, where p is prime. [Firoozbakht]

+ Each individual batch of Maker’s Mark Whisky is less than 19 barrels. [Leonard]

+ The number of emirps that can be shown on a 12-hour digital clock. [Fellows]

+ There are 19 visible diamond patterns on the surface of a fully formed rhombic triacontahedron when structured using a series of phi-ratio pyramids. An example being Roger von Oech’s Ball of Whacks. [Trace]

+ The last 19 digits of 17^18 is prime. [Gupta]

+ The number of letters in the anagrammatic title “A Superb Mosaic – Dare it !” that fittingly qualifies the “PRIME CURIOS DATABASE” with a poetic touch. [Beedassy]

+ Appears to be the largest of the set of primes that cannot be represented as the sum of four distinct primes {2,3,5,7,11,13,19}. [Post]

+ If the congruences proposed by Sierpinski are solved, a 19-digit number k is obtained as their smallest solution. [Slate]

+ There are exactly 19 primes between 25-1 and 27-1. Is this the only example of a prime number of primes between two consecutive Mersenne primes?

+ In the card game cribbage, players may refer colloquially to a hand scoring zero points as having a score of 19. [Homewood]

+ The Longest Single Arch Steel Span Bridge in the Western Hemisphere is located northeast of Fayetteville, WV, on US Highway 19 across the New River Gorge.

+ (11, 13, 17, 19) is the first prime quadruple (p, q, r, s) such that s divides pqr+1. [Loungrides]

+ NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture by Edip Yuksel is described as a comprehensive demonstration of the prophetic miracle.

+ Pandigital palindromic primes start as 19-digit numbers. [Beedassy]

+ Thomas Jefferson argued that “Every constitution, then, and every law, naturally expires at the end of NINETEEN years. If it be enforced longer, it is an act of force, and not of right.” Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1789. [Yuksel]

+ Take the nine pairs (a,b) with a+b=19; take the sum a*b+19 for all these nine pairs; ALL the sums are primes. 19 is the largest prime that will do this. [Bergot]

+ The only known prime p of form 4*q+7, where q and 4*p+7 are prime. [Loungrides]

+ Alpha Natural Resources (ANR) forecast coal use to grow more than competing fuels in 19 of the 26 years between 2010 and 2035.

+ 19 = 10011 in base two and 10011 is triangular in base ten.

+ (2^2*3^3*19^19) + 1 is prime. [Honaker]

(There are 37 curios for this number that have not yet been approved by an editor.)
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My Normal and Paranormal Adventures

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My Normal and Paranormal Adventures in Kazakhstan:

Bukhari’s Ghost Dancing with a Hungry Holy Sunni Goat,
Misogynistic Dogs Barking at Pigs,
Russian Pyrokinesis Burning Holes in Brains and Pockets,
Two Extra Letters Correcting Quranic Bismillah,
Kazaks Eating Almaty’s Apple and Horse Meat…

 

Edip Yuksel
© 19.org


I have no idea why I was so excited to give a poze with that powerful bird. I did not catch it, nor I trained it. My hosts paid a few thousand Tenge for the honor to hold the eagle or falcon in my hand. (As you notice, I am so ignorant about birds, I cannot even distinguish the eagle from falcon. Any help?

This is my third country report since 2008. In my first report, From Tucson to Changsha, my mission was to discover China educationally, culturally, socially, politically and of course, culinarily. Other than a short visit to an Uygur Mosque, I had no encounters with religious people. In my second report, I shared my experience at Oxford University, Muslim Institute in London, Book Fair and one night in a Turkish jail in Istanbul. During that trip, using my arguments from Manifesto for Islamic Reform, I created a multiple choice test, which I called Theometer or Sectometer, and applied it on my distinguished audience in two countries with remarkable success. Now you are reading this report which you might find as delicious as Almaty’s apple!

Hoping that your mind is not already polluted by that obnoxious Cohen the Borat, let me first give you a paragraph of dull and boring background information about Kazakhstan, which declared its independence from Russia in 1991 becoming a presidential republic. Though its democracy is confused between bureaucracy and autocracy (as the USA’s between corpocracy and oligarchy), we hope that one day it will become a model country for peace, justice and progress. In Kazakhstan, I was told, “men are manly, sheep are nervous and flies are everywhere.” It is the worlds 9th largest country, landlocked, and rich with numerous natural resources. Its population of 17 million comprises of about 70% Kazaks and 20% Russians, and its GDP per capita is about 11,000 dollars.

In March of 2007, an elite group of well-educated and well-connected Kazaks discovered my work, especially the Manifesto for Islamic Reform, which they immediately translated into Russian and distributed it in tens of thousands. Before discovering my work, they had adopted the Salafi version of Sunni religion as the product of intense propaganda by regressive forces from Saudi Arabia, the scourge. For instance, they had destroyed their songs and music paraphernalia and had given up many blessings. This unfortunate experience, however, proves their sincerity and commitment. They were lucky, since Kazakhstan did not block the progressive Internet sites and they had not yet traded their brains for good with the volumes of authentic nonsense called hadith and Sunna. Trashing human brains and deactivating their rational faculties is the ultimate goal of the religious viruses, especially of the Salafi mutation.

The group was the cream of the crop. I had met the leading two members, Aslbek and Aidar, at the home of my Turkish colleague Dr. Caner Taslaman in Istanbul. They were young and restless, curious and humorous, intelligent and knowledgeable, rationalist and monotheist, brave peacemakers and fighters for justice. They were also macho man, according to my standards. They were excited and appreciative of discovering the Message of the Quran, unaltered by fabricated hearsay stories and sectarian jurisprudence. In a short time we became friends, which led me to challenge them to get 1 out of 5 scores in a physical game of power, balance and concentration, which I had mastered while I was in Turkish prisons. They repeated the fate of many young and strong men whom I had challenged: they lost the game, 5 to 0.

The trip lasted about 24 hours from Tucson to Almaty, which has been declared sister cities for a few decades. I was welcomed by Dinmukhamed and Talgat, two young men sent by Aslbek, and taken to an A-Club Hotel, located on a hill in a beautiful section of the city. All streets were lined with rows of trees as well as the median. I have never seen a city as tree-friendly as Almaty. Modern accommodations were combined with fresh air… Everything in the hotel met the Western standards of luxury, except for the bathroom tissues which were coarse and difficult to tear. I could not learn much from their media, since the twenty plus TV channels were broadcast in either Russian or Kazak.

The Intellectual Ambush at Almaty

Front row from left: ???, Osman, Edip, Sophie, Raymond. Back Row from left: Timur, Gökhan, DinMuhammad, Serik (the lawyer)

Aslbek Mussin (30) decided to organize a live debate between me and a Sunni scholar/preacher. He contacted a list of Sunni preachers, including one of the best contemporary Sunni apologists, Zakir Naik. I was told that he was not receiving positive responses to his invitation, which was fully paid by the hosts. However, a popular Sunni imam from the United Kingdom accepted the invitation. He thought that he was going to preach to a Sunni herd, as usual. He was not aware of the exact nature of the event, yet he was treated in the best possible manner. It took him a few days to notice that he did not have a crowd; but a group of critical thinkers, rational monotheists. The exact moment where he realized the real nature of his mission has been recorded on video. My friend Raymond Catton from Canada, whom I first met through Rashad Khalifa in 1988, was our moderator for the first two sessions. Raymond was using the Manifesto for Islamic Reform for his questions. At one point, the Sunni preacher loudly complained about the questions, which were designed as curveballs to expose the manifold contradictions in his Sunni religion.

Several Kazak monotheists acted like Salafi Sunnis and they served him around the clock. Since they were Salafis before, they knew all the relevant jargons and mannerisms. He was allowed to lead the prayers, which he appeared to think was his God-given right because of his black robe and long beard. Anytime the call for prayer was made, he would leap forward and choose himself to lead the prayers. (Those of us who do not mention Muhammad’s name besides God in our Sala prayers did not join him). The audience was instructed by Aslbek to cheer for both sides. It was a bizarre scene: while we were in a hot debate, our audience was like in the refrigerator clapping for both sides in an orchestrated and reserved fashion. Our moderators did even better. For instance, Arnold Mol, our moderator for the last session, roared like a lion when I interrupted our Sunni imam; for a moment, Arnold’s face turned red and declared his authority to cut me off. I was glad that he did, since Abu Eesa would not have any excuse to complain about the Kazak-style intellectual setup: he had the chance to share the teachings and dogmas of his Sunni religion with Muslims in a very friendly and free environment.

Ironically, Sunnis has so far never allowed us to debate with them in their conferences. I wish we were invited by Sunnis to debate with their imams and sheiks. I wish we were set up by them! I do not expect them to pay for my trip, to assign two friendly young men to serve me, or cheer for me so that I would not feel lonely. None of that! A simple invitation, equal opportunity to debate and a promise of not beating us or killing us during the event would be sufficient. My past experience with the Sunnis and Shiite people is just the opposite. For instance, on October 7 of 1989 they kicked me out by force from their conferences in Chicago, when I directed a few questions from my first English book, 19 Questions for Muslim Scholars, to the mullahs they ignorantly call Mawlana (Our Lord). They had sent an invitation to Dr. Rashad Khalifa to attend their conference; not as a speaker, but as an audience. Rashad knew that their intention was to humiliate him. Upon Rashad’s request, I accepted to substitute him at the conference. I flew from Tucson to Chicago to confront the mullahs and their followers. Rashad had printed two hundred copies of a special issue of the Muslim Perspective, addressing the participants of the conference. I had also a draft copy of my upcoming book, 19 Questions for Muslim Scholars. Asking the speaker a loaded question was sufficient for my excommunication. They banned me from entering their conference rooms, and then they tried to get rid of me from the lobby, where I was surrounded by curious youths, mostly ethnic Pakistanis. Later, they sent two big guys to my hotel room to physically hurt me; but God sent an African American Muslim who sneaked me out of the hotel just seconds before they reached me. Since then, I have had numerous similar experiences. One of them is memorable. In November 23 of 2002, I had a live debate on a popular Turkish TV program with Dr. Süleyman Ateş, the former head of Religious Affairs. Towards the end of the debate, which was full of surprises, I made a surprise announcement. I declared that for the first time I would be participating in a public event since my emigration to the USA. I was going to show up at a book fair to meet my readers. It was a decision I made at that moment. The host of the show advised me not to do such a crazy thing, but I did not listen. Upon my arrival at the huge external yard of the Kocatepe Mosque, I was welcomed by dozens of monotheists. Several of them, especially Hamza Gürer, begged me not to enter the inside the courtyard. They had noticed a Sunni gang gathered in front of an Islamist publishing house’s exhibition tables talking about me. They were getting prepared to hurt me. I barely averted their mischief.

When Sunni or Shiite clergymen gain power, they rarely, if ever, allow their sectarian teachings to be challenged by monotheists like me. Though we always open our doors, windows and occasionally our chimneys for them, they rarely allow us in their Internet forums or Paltalk rooms. The moment they realize that we are monotheists, that we do not associate fabricated hadith to the Quran, that we do not praise Muhammad more than God, that we do not accept verses abrogated by hungry holy goats, that we do not believe that music is prohibited and women should be avoided like a dog, and hundreds of other non-Quranic teachings and practices, they insult us, falsely accuse and sensor us. Their leaders have called me Zionist, Bahai, or the member of the Moon Cult who received a million dollars… They are very good in producing many rabbits from their hadith-trained imaginations, and ironically they tend to believe the objective reality of their imaginary rabbits. I hope that Abu Eesa appreciates this great difference between monotheists and polytheists. Rational monotheists have nothing to fear, since they have nothing to hide.

Abu Eesa Niamatullah was a smart, articulate and cordial tall man with very long arms that could hug a camel vertically. He was born in the United Kingdom, of Pakistani heritage. With his Arabized title and first name, black robe, kosher beard and short hair contrary to what his hadith literature describes his fashion idol, he was wearing a strait jacket around his outgoing personality, screaming the troops of contradictions: a former disk-jockey who considered music a sin, a science-educated man who was promoting nonsense, a humorous man who somehow ended up playing the role of a Sunni scholar. Abu Eesa (The Father of Eesa), was a British-educated Pakistani man impersonating the composite Sunni character created by medieval Arab, Persian, and Turkish pagans, Jewish Rabbis and Christian Monks through mishmash stories and norms! Holy concoction! Under the same garb, he was both a mullah and a normal human being. Perhaps we could become close friends if he did not have his second personality, which promoted a cruel, oppressive and repressive religion. But he has hope. As long as he has some sense of humor left in him, as long as he can listen to the opposing voice, he may be able to free himself from the dogma of the master hypnotist. Time will tell.

Like all religious people who follow dogma blindly, he too was convinced that his cloth and grooming was an integral part of his faith. Knowing that faith is a euphemism for wishful thinking or joining a particular bandwagon for petty tribal, social, political and/or economic interests, it was not a surprise to see many of the followers of dogma showing off with their cloth and grooming; a juvenile way of making a point: I am different and holier than you, and I am the center of the universe! I am the missing link between you and heaven! In this regard, Abu Eesa was better than the Catholic priests; at least he did not generate dust and smoke like the Pope with a funny hat who breaks multiple records in Yuksel’s Record of Religious Oddities. (I am working on a new book now. I will rank the top 100 religious oddities according to the amount of logical, natural and internal contradictions they cause.)

Sunni Polytheism Exposed

Raymond was using the Manifesto for Islamic Reform as the blue print for his questions. Towards the middle of the debate, Abu Eesa realized that the Questions were out of ordinary. Well, he got a bit disappointed for receiving so many curved balls. But, our Kazak hosts did not let him feel alone. They cheered every time he spoke something; even though they disagreed with almost everything he said. The Kazaki monotheist muslims' sense of justice and hospitality was incredible: For a few days Abu Eesa thought he had many Salafi friends there

Noticing his talent of smooth-talking and pleasing the crowds, I knew that if I acted softly, brother Abu Eesa would beat around every bush and tree, every pebble and rock, trying his best to window-dress and cover up the devils in the details of Sunni teaching. I applied pressure on him, I provoked him. I had no personal vendetta against him; in fact, I was in admiration of his passion, dedication and zeal. I was tormented by watching him being tormented between his God-given reason and the nonsense he was indoctrinated to follow as a religion. Until the age of 29, I was not much different than him. In other words, I was encountering myself, my ghost from my days of ignorance. I had empathy for him. I knew exactly what my brother Abu Eesa was feeling/thinking, and why he was feeling/thinking that way, and I tried my best to help him to see himself in the mirror. My primary target was not to debase his person but the diabolic teachings he was promoting. I was praying for his freedom. He had chance to accept the truth, so that it could set him free!

At one point, I used the Quranic trap to expose the Sunni polytheism. I read verses 6:145 to 6:150 from the Reformist Translation. I gave a few-seconds pause and looked at him after the challenge: “Bring forth your witnesses who bear witness that God has forbidden this.” Like many whom I had tested before him, he too fell into the Quranic trap. He responded with one of his idols’ names with the usual fabricated phrase: “Muhammad Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam.” Then, I continued finishing the verse 6:150 and reminded him of the beginning of the section by reading verses 6:112-6:117. This debate was being recorded live in front of the select Kazak audience. Suddenly, he realized that his polytheism was exposed naked. He appeared to have woken up from a nightmare and complained for not hearing anything I had read to him. Ironically, his answer to the question testified to the opposite. Perhaps, his reception of verses was interrupted with troops of hadiths bouncing in his head. He was walking with the help of lightning; he would see the truth surrounding him for a few seconds; but would immediately revert back to the darkness of ignorance. I then reminded him and the audience the verses explaining the phenomenon: when you recite God’s aya to them, they do not hear and do not understand, since there is a wall (Hijab) and curtain between them and God’s message (17:45).

Abu Eesa was trying to prove his monotheistic zeal by criticizing those who visit graves of saints and ask for their help. At one point he reminded us that ONLY God could be Omnipresent and Omniscient, and condemned the practice as idol-worship. Of course, we were all in agreement with him on this. But, I knew for sure, he had no clue what he was talking about. I knew the nature of hadith and sunna, a forest of vertical, horizontal and diagonal contradictions (68:35-38). I knew that he would contradict his own criticism against calling on dead saints and prophets. So, I asked him whether he was commemorating God alone in his Sala prayers in accordance with the Quran (20:14; 72:18; 39:45; 3:18). I asked him whether he was addressing Muhammad in the Tahiyyah just after addressing God when he was reciting al-Fatiha in the standing position. Those who betrayed God and His messenger by associating various sources to the Quran, call on Muhammad while they are in sitting position: “Assalamu alaika ayyuha annabiyyu…” (Peace be upon YOU, O the Prophet…) as if Prophet Muhammad was Omnipresent and Omniscient second person while they pray. At that point, Abu Eesa forgot about his criticism against the worshippers of dead saints and prophets, and declared his polytheistic practice by emphasizing the word AYYUHA, which is a strong indication of the presence of the person. What was his justification for this contradiction? No surprise: HADITH, a word that has been prophetically condemned by the Quran. He used the same justification to continue asking for help from the most popular idol in the world, al-Hajar al-Aswad, the black rock in Mecca. (For details of our arguments against Hadith and Sunna, please see the Manifesto for Islamic Reform. It is published by BrainbowPress and also available online in several languages at www.islamicreform.org).

Abu Eesa could not respond to many fatal criticisms to his Sunni position. For instance, his interpretation of the hadith in which Omar stops a sahaba from bringing pen and paper so that Prophet Muhammad in his death bed could write something to help them not deviate from right path. According to that “authentic hadith,” Omar declared “The prophet is sick and has fever. He does not know what he is saying. Hasbuna Kitab-ulllah (God’s book is sufficient for us)”. According to the same hadith, Omar’s reasoning for stopping Muhammad from writing anything in his death bed was accepted by all the prominent sahaba present there. Abu Eesa’s attempted defense of this hadith missed the entire point. He had also hard time to explain the three different versions of the most important statement in the most witnessed hadith, The Last Sermon, in his “holy hadith books.” According to numerous hadith books, Prophet Muhammad left people (a) The Quran and Sunna; (b) The Quran and his family; or (c) The Quran. Even a rudimentary knowledge of history would be sufficient to know the reason for these discrepancies and the reasons behind the fabrication of the two versions that contradict the Quran.

Women are in the Company of Dogs, not Pigs!

Abu Eesa was a talented demagogue. He was not a “straw man” that I could punch to death and declare a cheap victory. He was one of the best apologists Sunnis could get. During our discussion on women issues, he took the lead in defense of women. He went even further than me and most of the feminists. He declared women to be superior to men. Yes, this Sunni imam was declaring superiority of women over men! One of the signs for the end of the world! Our Sunni imam’s superwoman, however, would not last more than a few seconds. I was not moved by such a hyperbole, since I knew the double talk… If later he were to be interrogated by his misogynist followers, he would defend himself by saying: “I meant mothers; not wives and sisters!” If Abu Eesa were honest about his promotion of hadith and Sunna, than he should have said exactly the opposite about woman. I did not list dozens of hadith from his so-called “authentic hadith books” that discriminate against women, demean, insult, decry, disparage, deprecate, reprehend, reproach, condemn, and accuse women for being the cause of the biggest troubles of ignorant men. I just reminded him of one of his hadiths from his favorite book, Bukhari (I am not misrepresenting his position regarding Bukhari, since he publicly declared that he believed that some hadiths abrogated verses of the Quran):

“What do you think Abu Eesa about this hadith: ‘If a donkey, a pig and a woman passes in front of a praying person, the prayer is nullified.”? After a short pause, our Sunni imam got animated and pointed at my ignorance of his hadith! He proudly corrected my error. I had misquoted his hadith; it was a dog not a pig! If you are a pet-loving American, you may find little problem with such a company. But, his hadith collections condemned dogs, required those touched by a dog to wash themselves seven times in a special way, and instructed the killing of all black dogs… So, there was not much relief for women to be promoted to the level of female dogs, even the white ones. To show off his knowledge of hadith, our imam inadvertently abrogated his own imaginary hadith with a dog. The dog in his hadith books came to life and ate my erroneous pig together with his imaginary Sunni superwoman!

The Extraordinary Powers of Psychokinetic, Telekinetic or Pyrokinetic Energy!

The hoaxer who insulted my intelligence, who poke a little hole in the back of my hand by burning it, and defrauded many of my Kazak friends for more than 10 thousand dollars is staring at me. With mixture of fear and anger. He would apologize one by one for all his mischief and pay back all the money he scammed from my friends. Later I felt compassion for him and gave him a heart-to-heart advice. I kept my word and did not call police on him. I am in ethical dillemma!!

Besides Hadith and Sunna, there was another hoax I had to deal with. I was hearing from my hosts about a Russian guy with paranormal powers. According to many eye-witness testimonies, he was burning holes in things with sheer mental concentration. As a rational monotheist, as a critical thinker, I did not hesitate to reject the claims to be 99.9 percent a hoax. They laughed at me. They had in the past taken extreme skeptics who did not give even a 0.1 percent chance. One of their recent guests was a philosophy professor from Moscow University, who had become a total believer in pyrokinesis. They wanted to take me to a session so that I could witness the paranormal event. I could not pass up the offer.

During the nine days in Almaty, I met three Kazaks who shared the name Serik (from Arabic Sherik, that is Partner or Friend). This Serik was educated in the United States and was a successful businessman and financial advisor. He was in his early thirties. Cool as cucumber. He had two Mercedes cars, one driven by his private driver. He enjoyed trying to scare me by accelerating his new Mercedes G Wagon in Almaty’s narrow streets. The Russian guy lived on the fifth floor of a dilapidated apartment building. The door had multiple locks on it. Upon our entry, he gave an envelope to the Russian who called himself Alexander. Later, I learned that he had popped-up 2,000 dollars for the half-an-hour session. Alexander was a skinny man in his forties. He had a very serious demeanor and all-business attitude. I noticed that before leading me to a chair across from him, he rushed to sit at a chair in front of a little desk with a circular top. He started talking in Russian about his talents of collecting energy from nature and focusing on things he wanted to burn. Serik was a fluent translator and experienced disciple. Alexander was claiming connections with Russian military.

Alexander then produced an inflated little balloon and put it between my right hand and his left hand. I was expecting some kind of laser guns hidden somewhere, but nothing appeared suspicious; he wore a simple shirt with short sleeves. He was talking about the special energy he had that would not pop the balloon. The balloon stayed suspended between his palm and mine for about thirty seconds. He was making low humming noises. I started feeling warmth in the middle of my palm. Then the heat increased and I felt as if there was a ball of fire in my palm. I had to let the balloon fall. It was a very unusual experience. I had in the past studied hypnosis and participated in hypnotic sessions, but this had nothing to do with it. I was not even informed beforehand that I would feel heat inside my palm. But, I was open to every scientific and “normal” explanation before believing that all my lost socks were indeed stolen by Martian visitors. Unfortunately, I knew that for many people Martian thieves were the first explanation for the disappearing socks phenomenon!

I was not paying much attention to what was he telling me through Serik. I was carefully watching like James Randi who had exposed Uri Geller, the notorious Israeli fraudster. Alexander moved to his second show. He opened his hand and let me feel it. It was colder than usual. He then pressed against my right hand palm and started doing the same thing: concentrating and humming. I heard a puff sound and felt a burning pain in the back of my hand between my thumb and index finger. I tried not to overreact. I wanted to take the picture of him, but I respected his wish not to be photographed.

Then, Alexander showed me several plastic cups and placed them on the floor next to my feet. He went all the way into another room which was connected to his office. He sat on a chair about 20 feet away. He started humming and I noticed the plastic cup starting to melt from the side facing him. Within a few seconds he carved a hole in the plastic cup. He did a few similar burnings and poking holes in plastic. Noticing that he was burning and poking holes on the same straight line, I grabbed a cup and put it on the floor at another location and asked him to burn it there. He grabbed it and located it somewhere else in an animated fashion and rapid talking. He made me sit on another chair and from behind started concentrating on the cup. He excitedly claimed that he burned it by sending his energy through my eyeglasses or eyes. I then took a dollar bill from my wallet and put it on his desk and asked him to burn a hole in it. He put it inside his palm and pointed his right hand’s index finger accompanied with exaggerated concentration and bragging words about his powers. He did poke a little whole in the American dollar that had already been turned to a doughnut by the “robber banks”, Wall Street and corporate thieves who stole billions of taxpayers dollars during their recent major heist in American history.

I asked Alexander a few questions about the source of his powers. He talked about his veins, about a special diet of 400 gram of vegetables and 40 gram of nuts, about earth, water, fire, air and ether. Long live Empedocles! I had already witnessed so many red flags that when he started to diagnose my potential health problems and missing the ones I already had, I tried my best to endure his insults to my intelligence. I also wondered about his knowledge about the Randy Foundation, which has been offering 1 million dollars for anyone that could prove paranormal powers. I asked him to go there and claim the money. He made up an excuse: he had a contract with the military for four more months and he would not be able to go out during this period. When I left his office, I was impressed by his talents and showmanship, yet I was sure that he was using some devices to create the burning effect. I suspected two things: laser engravers and chemicals that could have a delayed burning reaction.

The following day, I asked Serik to take me there so that I expose the hoax. I also decided to record my encounter with the fraudster. To make my job easy, Serik arranged this session with Alexander for Aidar, the journalist. At the door, I entered his office with a camcorder. I demanded him to apologize for three things: for insulting my intelligence, for burning my hand and for defrauding thousands of dollars from my friends. I added that he had to give back all the money he received from them. He appeared to be composed and cool. Serik was doing very well in translating our conversation. At a point, I grabbed a plastic cup and put it by the entrance door and challenged him to perform his powers there. He accepted with a condition: he would do it only with the presence of Aidar, the new “recruit.” I had no choice but to accept since I had no clear idea what his trick was about and the two of my friends were not sure about my allegations. Serik and I got out and he locked the door behind us. Taking advantage of this period, I decided to climb to the attic from the opening. I climbed the metal stairs on the wall and pushed the square door all the way pulling myself to the attic. It was dark and dirty. I looked for wires and vertically installed laser engravers in the ceiling of his office room. I was disappointed, nothing was there. I came down and asked Serik to call Aidar and learn what was going on. We had to wait a few more minutes. When the door opened I entered, Aidar put his arms on my shoulder with his head down, “Let’s get out of here; he is real. I am hundred percent sure, he is genuine.” I could not believe my eyes and ears. Aidar appeared pale and shaken. He was very scared. There was big hole on his nylon windbreaker on the right side of his chest. He had not responded to my challenge by poking hole in the cup by the door. Instead, he had chosen to have a new recruit. He had chosen offence. I asked Aidar whether he was injected with some kind of medication. I could not explain his betrayal of me through normal circumstances.

Alexander was now working on Serik, perhaps his best disciple. I had to interrupt. I searched under the desk. I saw sticky stuff under it. I thought they were the secret chemicals he was using; but they were most likely gum pieces as he claimed. Then, I opened the little door under the desk. There I noticed a pedal, exactly as I had predicted. When Serik and Aidar saw it, they were shocked. But, this would not last long. Alexander pointed at a little camera on the corner of the wall and claimed that the pedal is for the camera; he was recording the sessions secretly. I did not buy his explanation. I immediately jumped over the seat by the wall and pulled off the device that looked like a small camera. I suspected it to be a laser, disguised inside a camera cover. But, after a brief inspection I was disappointed in myself. I was wrong in my accusation; indeed it was a camera. But, I was still not convinced that the pedal was for the camera. I suspected a clever cover up. If someone discovered the pedal, then Alexander has a convincing explanation for it. I had promised Aslbek and others that I would surely expose the hoax and now I was nowhere near close to it. The attic had not produced any clue, nor the pedal hidden under his desk. Meanwhile, I noticed that I was losing Serik too. He did not have much faith in my claims to start with. And now, after two failures, he had perhaps no faith at all. I felt the urge to discover the devises the scam artist was surreptitiously utilizing.

I sat down on the chair and held the balloon in my hand and challenged him to do his trick right there. He appeared to accept my challenge. But after a brief moment of concentration, he started telling Serik that he had accumulated too much energy and could blow my hand off. I did not swallow his bluff. I challenged him to blow my hand off and while at it he should also blow my head off. I started timing him, using my watch. I told him that he had only five minutes to unveil his tricks and apologize for his three crimes; otherwise I would call the American embassy and ask them to send police here to ransack his office. He was not giving up. He was trying to influence Serik to ask me to give up. I would not. I informed him about the few minutes left for him to avoid the police.

When the five minutes finished I asked Serik to call the US embassy. I was going to tell them that a Russian scam artist had attempted to defraud me, an American citizen, and I needed police to come to the address. Serik did not respond to me. Losing both of my comrades and my patience, I decided to use some force. I charged the desk which was attached to the floor. I kicked it hard, breaking the jar and spreading some knickknacks to the floor. From the bottom of the table, a bundle of white cables were exposed. They were curving back to the bedroom. Following the lead of the wires, I went to the bedroom across. At that point I heard Serik telling me that he confessed his trick. He was using chemicals. I knew that he was still trying to hide his real trick. So, I continued my search. Behind the bed there was a section covered with blankets. When I removed the blankets, an electronic devise enclosed in two big boxes was exposed. My friends were in shock. They never expected such a professional set up. The devices, according to Alexander, were generating microwaves. He also mentioned using chemicals in combination. I did not pay much attention to his explanations, since I never trusted him. I am not yet sure exactly how it worked, perhaps he was filling the room with microwaves which would activate the chemical that he would secretly attach to things. Perhaps he was sticking the chemical to the back of our hands with his thump when he was shaking our hands. In fact, the location where he burned our hands was exactly corresponding to where the tip of his thump would land. But how could he manage to delay the burning of the back of my hand when he directed heat to my palm? Why he was not able to produce the same effect when I challenged him in different locations? Perhaps, he would not have chance to obtain extra chemicals and attach it under scrutiny. I am not sure. Considering all the locations that he performed his tricks, they were on a straight line across his bed room. Regardless of the details, it was now clear that he was using a high tech device to create the burning effect on his subjects.

I recorded his apology. He apologized for insulting the intelligence of a philosopher, for burning my hand and for defrauding my friends. Later I felt compassion for him and gave him a heart-to-heart advice. I kept my word and did not call police on him. Serik took the envelope containing several thousand dollars. Then, he asked for all the money previously paid by him and his friends. The scam artist told us that he was stashing his money somewhere else. Serik’s chauffeur took them; he retrieved about ten thousands dollars.

Two days later, Aslbek wanted Abu Eesa to experience the same show. He was curious about his reaction. I went with Abu Eesa pretending being there for the first time. We recorded his experience and reaction. He was acting like a scientist, but a gullible and confused one. He appeared to trust every word of explanation given by Alexander. Alexander was using natural terminology to explain his powers, but he was also mixing the word spirit with them. Abu Eesa was eager to explain his powers with jinns or ghosts. So, he was trying to hear more about the spirit part. I asked Abu Eesa a few short questions so that he could elaborate on his jinni theory. I reminded him about the paintings containing Christian figures and symbols. He was convinced that it was jinni power. Before leaving, Abu Eesa advised Alexander to read the Quran. It was refreshing to hear Abu Eesa promoting the Quran. I could not stop myself interjecting: “Brother Abu Eesa, you are peddling Bukhari to us, but I see that you are advising the Quran to outsiders. Why don’t you ask him to read Bukhari?” I am sure, Abu Eesa knew that no sound person would accept Islam by starting from Bukhari. None would have any respect or sympathy for the fictional Muhammad depicted by Bukhari. For converts, Bukhari would be inserted into the scene afterwards; to gradually distort the message of the Quran! In other words, hadith would be introduced in a fashion to induce the effect known “the boiled frog syndrome”. (I have been receiving numerous letters from converts complaining about this “bait and switch” method. Dr. Maurice Bucaille was one of the vocal modern tactic of this sophisticated scam of Sunni apologists.)

In Order to Blind Himself to Code 19, the Sunni Imam adds Two More Letters to Bismillah!

The following day, I was asked to give a lecture on Code 19 to a small group of mathematicians and philosophers. I had little time and on top of that the translation slowed me down. I made a philosophical introduction and presented the tip of the iceberg. One of the philosophers, Beket Nurzhanov, invoked Pythagoras’s name and dismissed my presentation as numerology. I knew Pythagoras very well and I very much liked him. But, I knew that code 19 was based on a verifiable and falsifiable physical facts and had little to do with Pythagorean esoteric number mysticism.

Hearing that he had company among our distinguished guests, our imam, Ebu Eesa got a second wind. He declared that the frequency of the word Month in the Quran was not 12, and the frequency of the word Day was not 365 as I presented. He obviously had no clue about what he was talking. I wished that we had more time to discuss this issue face to face; but we did not have time. The imam added one more refutation: the number of the letters in the Bismillah (Basmala) was not 19 either; it had 21 letters. He also claimed that he could come up with similar numerical patterns by using the Kazakhstan constitution. I was glad to hear such a concrete statement and I challenged him to do so in three or four months. Later I changed my mind regarding the Kazakh constitution since it is not in the Latin alphabet and he could easily tamper with its letters as he did with the most popular verse of the Quran. So, I challenged him to produce similar patterns from the Constitution of the United States.

Abu Eesa demanded more time and the stage to spew his aversion against the number 19, prophesized in chapter 74 of the Quran as one of the greatest divine signs. I gave him the marker, the board and asked him to show the extra two letters in Bismillah that I had missed! I was glad that the session was recorded by a professional so that the world would witness the kind of ignorance and arrogance the enemies of the prophetic sign have. Interestingly, the former head of the religious affairs in Turkey too had made exactly the same absurd claim in front of millions in a live debate with me, which is now available on the internet. It is such an absurd claim since the number of letters in Bismillah is no secret and it does not require the knowledge of hadith and so-called (pseudo)science of hadith to know it. Any student in an elementary school in Arabic speaking countries could easily count its 19 letters. In fact, not a single Sunni or Shiite scholar who happened to mention the number of letters in Bismillah contradicted that simple fact. For instance, famous Molla Jami starts his divan by referring to the 19 letters of Bismillah. Abu Layth Samarqandi in his Quran interpretation refers to a hadith about the three (not four!) letters of its first word, Bism. Fakhr al-Din al-Razi in his impressive interpretation of the Quran, Tafsir al-Kabir, refers to an interesting connection made between the 19 letters of Bismillah and the guardians of hell, claiming that each letter protects from their harms. Al-Qurtubi in his Al-Jami’ li Ahkam il-Quran, reports hadith about 19 letters of Bismillah. Similarly, the Kurdish Sunni scholar Said Nursi too refers to that simple fact numerous times. Furthermore, millions of Pakistani and Hindu Muslims have the tradition of using 786, the numerical value of the 19 letters, for Bismillah. In sum, our imam neither could verify the simple facts nor was he aware of his own sources.

After the discovery of the code 19 and the fulfillment of its prophecies mentioned in chapter 74, Muslim scholars started adding letters to the most repeated verse of the Quran, BiSMi ALLaH AL-RaHMaN AL-RaHYM. As usual, they could not agree about the number of letters they were hallucinating. Some claimed that it had 21 letters and some claimed 22. Our Pakistani-British imam was hallucinating 21 letters. However, during the few seconds it took him to reach the white board with the marker in his hand, he changed his mind. Instead of adding two alifs as he claimed while sitting in his chair, somehow he did just the opposite. He deleted three alifs from Bismillah and uttered a few nonsensical claims regarding the ease of coming up with a numerical structure based on its 16 letters! Of course, he did not come up with a single example, except his utter confusion by first claiming two extra alifs in Basmala and then when challenged, this time deleting three alifs from it! He managed to do both in less than a minute! I should not have expected a better criticism from someone who considered Bukhari a holy book, believed the authority of holy hungry goats in shaping his sharia law, and believed that some hadith reports abrogated the verses of the Quran.

At one point during one of the debates, Imam Abu Eesa made a negative remark regarding the www.19.org logo followed by a question mark on my T-shirt. He called it a “cult.” I asked him to define “cult” and then check whether I were a cult member. Upon my rebuke and invitation to substantiate his accusation, he gave up. Later, Hasan Mahmud came up with a great line of defense: “No cult would put a question mark under their logo”

The Derrida-loving Philosopher Joins the Sunni Imam in an Imaginary Universe!

While talking against code 19, our imam cleverly reminded the audience his agreement with the great doctor in the room who dismissed the code 19 as a modern version of Pythagorean numerology. He was in complete agreement with Professor Beket Nurzhanov, Head of the Department of History of Philosophy of the Kazakhstan National University named after Al Farabi. Beket was well-groomed and knew how to speak English. His appearance, age and title demanded respect. A few minutes later when the session ended with a tea break, I joined him.

While sipping from my cup of tea, I wondered about Beket’s mind and I asked him about his philosophy. He listed the names of his favorite philosophers. Derrida was among them and it was enough for me to get some idea about his modus operandi. I did not find any common philosopher, except for Nietzsche, among our favorites list. I liked Socrates, Leibniz, Wittgenstein, Hume, among many others. I questioned this Derrida-loving professor about the reason of his dismissal of my presentation, without even bothering to study it. He told me this, “According to a mathematician, there could be another universe where 2+2 could be making 3 or 5.” Yes, read it again if you wish, without spilling your cup of tea.

I did not ask him the identity of that mathematician. Honestly, I did not care about such a nerd. Our doctor, who dismissed the code 19, was the worst of all relativists. He doubted the reliability of universal mathematical statements. As a constant seeker of truth and servant of the Truth, I could not try to appease his ego or feelings. I had to tell him what he needed to hear: “According to your mathematician, dear professor, these words coming from your mouth too could be nonsense in another universe.” I noticed surprise in his face. I corrected myself. “In fact, I do not need to trust your extraterrestrial mathematician. Forget about another universe, your words are nonsense in many languages and countries of this very little planet!” I meant both meanings of the “nonsense”! He was relying on arbitrary human language to deny universal language of the universe.

When the issue became the divine sign in mathematics, our professor was leaving the mathematics of his universe which he relied on without doubt when he counted his money, his children, his socks and fingers. In order to blind himself to one of the greatest signs and reject the most profound facts of this universe, he was seeking refuge in a mathematician from another universe. He was switching universes. At that moment, I felt pity for his students and remembered the Quranic verse 7:146.

By now, you might think that my adventure with Abu Eesa and Beket was the normal one. Honestly, I think my adventure with them was the real paranormal one. The scam that the Russian guy was performing had nothing to do with paranormal; it was based on perfect science and technology. The real paranormal, the real odd events were performed by these two gifted and highly educated individuals. The first had no problem in believing a hungry holy goat abrogating verses from his holy book, thinking that he could value women by equating them to dogs and donkeys, could add letters to Bismillah, and many more religious nonsense, while the second one, seeking refuge in an imaginary universe to blind himself to one of the greatest divine signs. These were the real paranormal beings and events, and you can see their clones everywhere on this planet.

Back to Normal

If you do not know it yet, learn: Almaty is the original place of all apples in the world. The apples were perfect fit for my taste buds: sweet and sour

Aside from confronting theological and scientific hoaxes, among the many memories that I will remember for a long time is my experience in a Russian sauna which, reportedly, had the temperature up to 80 degrees Celsius. For the first time I ate horse meat and drank horse milk (kımız), which was the most disgusting thing after the Durian fruit I had tasted in China a year before. Again, for the first time, I saw young Kazaks juggling not one but two dual cell phones, each phone having two phone numbers. By the way, 2×2=4 phone numbers in our universe!

Tufan Karadere of Turkey, Hassan Mahmoud of Canada, Sophy and Ray Catton of Canada, Abu Eesa of U.K., Arnold Mol of Neatherlands, and sitting Talghat. During one of our debates, Imam Abu Eesa made a negative remark regarding the http://19.org logo on my T-shirt. He called it a "cult." Later, Hasan Mahmud came up with one of the best "sound-bites": "No cult would put a question mark under their logo"

There I had a great time with Ray Catton, his wife Sophia, and Hasan Mahmud who all joined us from Canada. Tufan Karadere and Gökhan Aycan from Turkey, and Arnold Mol from Holland contributed to the conference with fresh voices and pleasant conversations. I was impressed by Hasan Mahmud who is an activist serving in Muslim Canadian Congress as its Director of Sharia Law since last six years. He was well prepared to expose the so-called Sharia Law. A half-an-hour interview with him by Raymond was recorded, and inshallah it will soon be available on the Internet together with other video recordings.

Unfortunately, several other invitees could not make it there. For instance, Mohammed Jaseer of India had to return from Dubai airport because of miscommunication regarding visa. My colleague Layth al Shaiban planned to join us, but could not make it.

During my brief visit to Almaty, I met many bright Kazaks and enjoyed their company. Aslbek Musin (maverick), Serik Kushenov (entrepreneur) , Yerlan Salmenov (entrepreneur), Aidar Kaipov (journalist), Serik Ryszhanov (thinker/researcher), Serik Kupeishin (lawyer), Damir Almarekov, Berik, DinMukhamed (dusinessman), Abu Walid Khamdi (dentist), Murtaza İzcilik (accountant), Timur, Talgat (lawyer), Ismail, and many others will inshallah be the pioneers in promoting Islamic Reform in Kazakhstan, the surrounding countries and the world. We ended the conference with an evaluation and some decisions, which included the following:

  1. Redesign the 19.org and turn it to a multilingual hub of communication and cooperation for monotheists around the world.
  2. Start weekly Quranic studies at homes.
  3. Include women in philosophical, educational, cultural and social activities. Without women’s participation an Islamic reform is not possible.
  4. Translate some books into Russian, including the introduction and endnotes of the Reformist Translation of the Quran and the upcoming book, Nineteen: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture.
  5. Promote critical and creative thinking among secondary school students, and campaign to include critical thinking courses in public school curriculum.
  6. Establish a club or foundation to promote culture of innovation through competition among young inventors.
  7. Considering the importance of comparative advantage in global economy, focus on a few technologies with great potentials and attract the best minds from around the world to do research on them.
  8. Avoid the extravagant life-style and addiction with consumption; focus on charity.
  9. Fight corruption and lead Kazakhstan to be a role model for the so-called Muslim world.
  10. Without compromising individual freedoms and idiosyncrasies, establish a strong network and cooperation among monotheists.
  11. To promote rational monotheism, peace, justice and progress, facilitate global projects and organize the next conference either in London or Istanbul.

Let me finish this report with a remark made by Serik Kushenov in a fancy restaurant in Almaty. When I complained about a fly hovering over our table and bragged about American restaurants having no flies, Serik swatted with a big smile: “We have flies here because our food is natural and organic” Well, I found people of the Kazakhstan as natural and organic! J

To see the pictures of our conference in Almaty, you may visit my Picassa at:

http://picasaweb.google.com/edipyuksel

To watch the video recordings of our debates, you may visit the following links:

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Oxford, London and Istanbul – 2008

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Adventures of an Islamic Reformer at Oxford, London, and Istanbul

Edip Yuksel

Edip Yuksel with some of the audience at Lecture, Oxford University, 2008

To publicly discuss my recent book, Manifesto for Islamic Reform, I was invited to give four lectures in November 3-10, 2008. The topics were: A Manifesto for Islamic Reform, and Why Quran Alone through Reason:

    • MECO, Oxford University, November 3.
    • MECO, Oxford University, November 4.
    • The Muslim Institute, London, November 5.
    • TUYAP Book Fair, Istanbul, November 8.

Prof Taj Hargey, the founder of MECO (Muslim Educational Center of Oxford), picked me up from the airport with an old diesel Volkswagen. I had picked the wrong airport and thus he had to drive more than two hours in a heavy traffic to pick me up. Like all bloody Britons[1], he drove on the wrong side of the road, which made me experience constant anticipation of an imminent bloody traffic accident. Though Taj is a scholar in a prestigious school, he is not a stereotypical one. To my delight, I found him not be a pretentious snob living in ivory towers; he was a humble and a committed activist, a veteran who had tasted victory against the apartheid regime during his years in South Africa. His dedication to the message of rational monotheism or islam appeared to be exemplary. He is both a general and a soldier; a professor and a student; a leader and comrade. Almost single-handedly, with a shoe-string budget, he is putting a good fight against the powerful forces of Sunni and Shiite establishment, and at the same time fighting against the aggression of the British government. Forces of corruption from Saudi, Iran and Pakistan are spending hundreds of millions of pounds to keep the Muslim minority ignorant and backward. The bloody mullahs have interest in keeping the Muslim minority in ghettoes and Taj is struggling to create a British Muslim identity.

Taj told me that his organization lost about fifty percent of its membership for letting Prof. Amina Wadud lead the congregational prayer two weeks before my arrival. Though I find inconsistencies in Amina Wadud’s theological position, she is a brave sister who is reminding Sunni and Shiite population the Quranic verse 49:13, a universal maxim of their holy book, which they have abandoned for the sake of fabricated teachings called hadith and sunna.

As it seems, a woman leading the prayer was the last straw on mullah’s back; they unanimously excommunicated Taj and his organization. I was happy to learn that Taj was not naïve about the regressive powers against the reform movement and he was even more determined to fight against misogynistic mullahs. While he was hosting me, he was busy preparing for the upcoming annual music festival. Of course, music too is another divine blessing that mullahs prohibit. Imagine a singing muslim woman in front of men! Music + woman + spotlight! That would be a triple nightmare for them and Taj was going to organize it with an international flavor. Kill those self-righteous hair-splitting mullahs with beauty and music!

Multiple Choice Test or Theological Acid Test

My first lecture at Oxford University was received very well. We had productive discussions. A graduate student argued for historicity, that is, reading and usually limiting the Quran with its historic context. His friend criticized our reliance on science in understanding the Quranic verses. Citing a few abuses of such an approach, she wanted to refute any understanding of Quranic verses according to scientific facts. It took about ten minutes to show her the problems with her allergy against science and the problem with doubting proven mathematical statements. If there is any book on earth that should have complete compatibility with proven scientific facts and mathematics, it would be the books sent by the creator of the universe. I knew that their hidden distrust in Quran was the main factor in their rejection of science and mathematics. It is interesting that they employ impressive academic jargons to make such arguments.

I had prepared a test containing 45 multiple choice questions just the night before my travel. I duplicated them on both sides of a single sheet and I distributed to the audience before the lecture… They were asked to write their name, age, occupation, email address, favorite authors, and their sectarian affiliation. It was a bit awkward to test an audience that consisted of students and professors at one of the world’s top universities. The multiple-choice test proved to be a powerful instrument to deliver the message of Islamic Reform under the light of the Quran. The correct answer for each multiple choice question was the E option, and for the Yes or No questions was the B option. So, it would take me a few seconds to evaluate the tests after they were returned to me.

The Sunni or Shiite test-takers found themselves in quagmire of contradiction with their own sectarian teachings. They learned that they were thirty, forty or even more than fifty percent infidels or heretics. Some of those who marked Sunni as their sectarian affiliation contradicted the Sunni teachings on most of the issues. According to their own confessed sects, their lives were worthless; they deserved to be killed! I did not let this mirror or sect-o-meter remain an individual experience; I publicly declared the overall results. Many got all answers correct, including Eric, a monotheist from Unitarian church who already had a copy of the Quran: a Reformist Translation in his possession. Eric knew the original message of islam better than all the mullahs and the so-called “ulama” combined. And Eric was one of those muslims from among the People of the Book described by 2:62 and 74:31.

 

Edip Yuksel with Dr. Ziyauddin Sardar, Dr. Ghayasuddin Siddiqui, Farouk Peru

Let’s Have Just One Percent Please, Just One Percent!

A Sunni professor who attended the lecture together with his wife could not handle the questions; he stopped after answering a few. It was amusing how during the discussion session he tried to bargain with me about the teachings of Hadith and Sunna. He realized that he could not defend most of the hadiths and sectarian teachings, so he begged for a compromise: “What about just 1% hadith?” I did not yield. I told him that we did not need to add even a tiny drop of coli bacteria into our food. Even one percent of shirk (partnership with God) is evil, and that one percent would mean that we still rejected God’s repeated assertion that His book is detailed, complete, clarified and sufficient for guidance. Furthermore, that one percent hole in the book would be small; yet, it would allow insects, then mice and then get even bigger enough for a litter of pigs, perhaps bearded ones, to intrude. I reminded him that there was no difference between associating one partner or hundred partners to God.

The following night was the continuation of the previous lecture. I focused on the importance of critical thinking and using our God-given 19 rules of inference. I warned them against developing schizophrenic personalities, which almost all religious people do. I started with the following words:

Before putting anything in our mouths we observe the color, smell its odor. If it looks rotten or smells bad we do not touch it. If food passes the eye and nose tests, then our taste buds will be the judge. If a harmful bit fools all those examinations, our stomach come to rescue; it revolts and throws them up. There are many other organs that function as stations for testing, examination, and modification of imported material into our bodies. They ultimately meet our smart and vigilant nano-guards: white cells. Sure, there are many harmful or potentially harmful foods that pass all the way through our digestive system into our blood, such as alcohol and fat.  Nevertheless, without using our reasoning faculty much if at all, we have an innate system that protects our body from harmful substances. It would be a mystery then how we can input information and assertions, especially the most bizarre ones, into our brains without subjecting them to the rigorous test of critical thinking. Our brains should never become trashcans of false ideas, holy viruses, unexamined dogmas and superstitions. We should be wise!

How can we protect our minds and brains? Do we have an innate system that protects us from harmful or junky ideas, especially dogmas or jingoisms that could turn us into zombies or self-righteous evil people? Yes we do: our logic is the program that detects and protects us against the most harmful viruses, which usually find their way when we are hypnotized by crowds, salespeople, politicians or clergymen.

The Prominent Imam with an Illiterate Role Model

For the third lecture, Taj took me to London. There I was going to give a lecture at Muslim Institute. I met some of familiar names, authors that I have known decades before, such as Dr. Ziyauddin Sardar and Dr. Ghayasudding Siddiqui. I also met some young reformers such as Farouk Peru, and Yusuf Desai and Nosheen Oezcan of Forward Thinking. I was positively surprised that with the exception of an imam there, who was considered a moderate and open minded one, they did not react in angry temper tantrums to my invitation to follow the Quran alone.

The imam rejected the Manifesto for Islamic Reform wholesale with a passionate opening. He accused me of distorting the facts. To substantiate his opposition, Imam Abduljalil Sajid picked one out of my assertions. He argued that Muhammad must have been illiterate. He did not provide an alternative take against my depiction of such illiteracy to be either an insult to Muhammad’s intelligence or his intention. He did not bother to explain how a role model, a divinely selected messenger would not be able to recognize 28 Alphabet letters in 63 years of his life (two years for each letter!), or during the 23 years he received revelation that encouraged its audience to attain knowledge by reading. He did not deal with the problem of the alternative explanation, that is, how a role model could deliberately keep himself illiterate for all his life! Somehow, our imam, like all other religious leaders, had great tolerance for contradictions. His brain was filled with so many; he had perhaps given up from resolving them… A perfect example of intellectually boiled frog syndrome! I had empathy for him, since in my youth I was one of them. I let him vent his frustration.

Imam Abduljalil argued that the word Iqra did not mean read, but it meant recite. So, according to him, despite the instruction of verse 96:1, Muhammad could still have been illiterate. It was a late Monday night and we did not have time to engage in a lengthy discussion. For instance, I could remind him his own hadith which reported the first encounter of Muhammad and Angel Gabriel. According to that hadith report, when he was instructed with the first verse of chapter 96, Iqra, to make Muhammad read the visually displayed Quran, the angel squeezed him like a lemon several times when Muhammad claimed  “wa ma ana biqarin” (I cannot read). Obviously that hadith report did not mean that Muhammad was incapable of repeating a word with two syllabi; it meant that he could not recognize the letters… He was contradiction with the hadith that was the basis for his assertion. I picked another argument.

— Let’s assume that you are right regarding the meaning of Iqra. Then, what is the Arabic word for “read”?

— ???

— Well, there must have been a word for reading in Arabic, since the Quran talks about books, about pen, about writing…

— ???

Our imam who started his criticism with a loud denunciation suddenly turned mute. He could not even come up with a single word. I did not wish to push him further, since everyone in the room realized that he either did not know what he was arguing about or he realized that he was wrong. I remembered the most ridiculous praises in human history, where Muhammad is praised by millions for his illiteracy with the distorted meaning of the word “ummy” uttered together with another distorted word “sally“.  Thinking about the low illiteracy among the so-called Muslim population, I did not let the issue go away without a conclusive ending. I wanted to prove to him and everyone else that Muhammad was literate.

So, I used one of my successful teaching tools, which I employed first time in 1987 to convince Ali Bulaç, a prominent and prolific Muslim thinker who has numerous books and a Turkish Quran translation. After following my instructions, Ali was convinced in less than a minute that Muhammad must have been literate. Imagine the power of debunking the consensus of all Sunni and Shiite scholars in less than a minute! Imagine convincing a famous and popular Sunni author that all his Sunni scholars were wrong about an important issue. All in less than a minute! Yet, this proof has been implicitly provided in the Quran with the revelation of its first verses, through the very verses instructing how to read the Quran. What a marvelous book!

So, I tried that Quranic educational tool. I asked the imam to grab the pen and write down the beginning of chapter 96: “Bismillahirrahmanirarrahim. Iqra bismi rabbika allazi khalaq” That’s it. Surprise: he did not wish to write it. Perhaps he was scared to continue engaging in a Socratic dialog. Had he written those few words, I would ask him why he wrote both words the same. Surely, he would be justified to spell them the same, since both were pronounced the same and meant the same. Then, I would ask him to look at the spelling of the Quran. He would notice that the one in Bismillah was consisted of three letters, BSM, but the one in the following verse was spelled with an extra aleph, BISM. So, even if we assume that Muhammad did not write the revelation of the Quran with his own hand, even if we believe in the stories of him dictating to scribes, he must have at least known the letter Aleph. If he knew Aleph, then he was at least 1/28th literate! “I proved that he knew the letter Aleph and now it is your turn to prove that he did not know the letter B, the second letter in alphabet,” I would nicely ask. If our imam got stuck again, I would perhaps go forward and ask him about the different spelling of Mecca and Becca or the curious spelling of Bastata in verse 7:69.

I wanted to end the argument with the imam with an exposition. I knew his problem and I knew the fastest way to expose it. I told the audience that the gentleman was arguing about God’s system without knowledge and without an enlightening book. I announced that I was going to prove that he did not in fact have respect for the Quran. I started reading from verse 6:145 and then posed him my question:  “Do you have any other source or any other witness that adds more dietary prohibitions to the four items listed in this verse?” If he said no, he would contradict numerous hadiths and all sectarian teachings. If he said Yes, he would contradict this verse and would be exposed by the following verses as a “mushrik” (polytheist) for attributing the manmade religious prohibitions to God. He did not rush into saying Yes, as most of the Sunni scholars recklessly do. To my question regarding additional dietary prohibitions, he responded with extreme caution: “May be or may be not!” What? You are an “imam” in your fifties and you have eaten thousands of meals and you still do not know what is prohibited? And you are refuting the Quran alone for a “may be or may be not”? Do you exist? “Maybe or may be not?” Is eating shrimp haram? “Maybe or maybe not!” Is eating lobster haram? “Maybe or maybe not!” Are you okay? “Maybe or maybe not!”

For some of the audiences, that was the last straw that broke their already stressed respect for the imam. Several people got frustrated with him. One of them loudly yelled at him with animated arms: “If you do not know such a simple thing, then why are you debating with the guest speaker? Let him talk.” Hearing his own people reprimanding him, the imam quietly left the room. I felt bad for him, but what he was doing was very wrong. He was trying to keep people in the darkness of ignorance. He was promoting shirk (polytheism) under the guise of monotheism. He was pretending to respect the prophet Muhammad while he was disrespecting the only book he delivered. He was insulting his intelligence by claming that he remained illiterate until his death. Yet, he insisted putting Muhammad’s name next to God every time he uttered the monotheistic maxim. I hope that after hearing the message, he will show courage and wisdom to reject the fabricated Hadith and Sunna and uphold the Quran alone.

 

This was the first court, in Europian side, where I was released by the judge. The police allowed me to take a picture with my sister there.

Detention at the Airport by the Turkish Police

The moment I arrived at the airport in Istanbul, I was immediately arrested by half a dozen young police officers who appeared to be celebrating the catch. After a boring day, they had a Turkish author (again) from the USA. I was informed about three charges against me, all involving political criticism of Turkish government and its policies. Some consisted of distortions of my published articles, exaggerations, or words taken out-of-context. And most did not even belong to me; they belonged to anonymous people who visit my websites and post their political opinions and criticism at the forums.

They took me to a nearby police station. When I entered the room, I noticed a poster filled with flags under the title: Independent Turkish Republics. Yes, in plural! I have no problem with such a sense of Turkish idealism. In fact, years ago, when the Turkish nations declared independence from Russia, I hoped and promoted an aggressive Turkish policy to create a unified block. Unfortunately, Turkey missed such an opportunity. However, when I heard the phone ring of an officer, I started getting a bit concerned. It was playing the Yeni Çeri march, “Ceddin deden, ceddin baban… hep kahraman Türk milleti…” (Your ancestors your grandparents, your ancestors your fathers… The Turkish nation has always been heroic…) At that point, I knew that I was among an openly racist police department. I have suffered from Turkish racism in many ways. For instance, my young brother Metin Yüksel, a legendary youth leader, was killed by Turkish fascists in 1979. I know first hand the evil of racism.

To my surprise and delight, the Turkish police was very kind and respectful. I am not sure how much of it was because of my American passport, but I think they had a radical change in attitude. They followed the legal procedure to the letter. They informed me about my right to stay silent, my right not to stay more than 24 hour in jail without going to the court. They were music to my ears; I felt as if I was dealing with a nice American police officer. The jail, which I spent the night, was very clean. I laid down on the floor, reading the Newsweek Magazine, a book on Evolution and Intelligent design, and Professor Stewart’s Cabinet of Mathematical Curiosities. It was the best night ever I spent in a Turkish jail! Sure, this was a very low traffic police station and they could keep it cleaner than usual. Regardless, I could not believe in such a change, since it was very different from my experience with the Turkish police and jails years ago. During my heydays, in 1977-1987, I was a frequent host of those jails and they were horrible. Some would have raw sewer passing through, rats mingle with detainees, and when I get out, I would always get lice as souvenir. Compared to those Turkish jails, this one was like a five star hotel. I command the Turkish government for this great progress in respecting human dignity and rights.

Kurds, the Oppressed Minority

Well, I had also a bad experience, and should share that too. The chief of the police station treated me like a guest. He took me to his office and ordered food for me where I watched the Turkish TV for about an hour. This made me feel uncomfortable; I was kept unjustly yet I was feeling indebted to my captors. The weekly news program 32nd Day was on. The topic of the discussion was the chronic Kurdish problem. The panel had two Turkish politician or author. There was a good debate about the problem which was the making of the racist Turkish policy. The official racist ideology initially denied the existence of Kurds. Before 1970’s, you could not find the word Kurds in the newspapers. The Turkish history text books still consider the Kurdish minority as non existent. Even the great Kurdish leader Salahaddin Ayyubi is described as a Turkish leader. Later, when denial became impossible, the racist Turkish oligarchy described them as Mountain Turks. They did not have a different language, there was no such a language called Kurdish.

Yet, they later shamelessly tried to ban the non-existent language and secured the ban of the language through an article in the Constitution of 1982, which was drafted by the generals who interrupted the young and fragile Turkish democracy, for the third time. The paranoid Turkish racism terrorized those Kurds who were politically active through contra-guerillas, mafia, and Gray Wolf fascists. They kidnapped, tortured and assassinated numerous Kurdish authors and leaders… In a journal article titled “Yes, I am a Kurd,” I exposed the racist Turkish policy against Kurds. “My people are denied their identity, their culture, language, naming their own children, using their own land and living in freedom and security.” (See: http://www.yuksel.org/e/law/kurd.htm ) Kurds were even denied to celebrate their cultural holidays, such as, the Newroz (New Year). Its celebration was banned. When the racist policy politicized Kurds and led to the creation of various Kurdish political movements, including the terrorist PKK organization, the Turkish government was forced to recognize Newroz. Not as a Kurdish holiday, but a newly discovered ancient Turkish holiday! Since like religion, racism is capable of turning smart people into stupid people, they could not even think about the name of the holiday: The name of the officially hijacked Kurdish holiday was made of two Persian or Kurdish words: New (new) Roz (Day). In last decade, Kurds have received many rights, but with a huge cost, after losing the lives of tens of thousands and destruction of thousands of towns in South Eastern Turkey. The desire of Kurdish people for equality and dignity is still an ongoing struggle.

Back to the TV program… While listening to the panelists, the young police officer who had been treating me so nicely suddenly confessed: “If I did not have any expectation from life, I would get a machine gun and kill all of them.” The other police officer, who was as young and nice, joined him by declaring his solution for the Kurdish problem: “We should just adopt the ways of our Ottoman ancestors; we should erect hundreds of stakes on the streets and hang hundreds of them on them. Then, you will not hear any Kurdish problem!” Now I knew why their phones were singing Ottoman military marches.

I did not raise objection. It would be futile to discuss with a group of racist police officers while they had me in their possession. Ignorance and arrogance feed each other, and they had plenty of both. Well, later I would be engaging in a Socratic dialogue with a bored nationalist police officer who stood by curiously asking some questions through the bars. Like most racists, he was in denial of his racism. But, all his arguments were biased and Turkish-centered. According to him, there was no problem in forcing Kurdish children to say “My existence should be a sacrificial to the existence of Turkishness” or “One Turk equals to the World,” or “How happy is he who says ‘I am a Turk'”.  Our discussion lasted about two hours until he was tired standing on his feet. I think, I was able to penetrate his consciousness, showed him the mirror and placed major doubts in his mind about nationalism, which is one of the worst mental diseases of modern times.

 

 

Tried in two Continents in one Day

The Turkish police shuttled me between two courts, one in Asian the other in the European part of Istanbul, rushing to beat the deadline so that I would not stay in jail until the next Monday. I was not handcuffed during this travel; except briefly while I was taken to the car by a new police officer whom later was asked by his superior to unlock the handcuff.

I was also very impressed by the temperament of the judges and their just decision to release me and continue the court. When we arrived in Sultanahmet Adliyesi we rushed to the court’s secretary’s office. The judge happened to be sitting there. When he heard my name, he ordered the secretary that he knew where was the thick folder was. He pointed at one of the shelves on the wall. Indeed the folder was filled with papers, that is, copies of the hundreds of articles posted by hundreds of people at the forums of 19.org.

The judge initially worried me by telling me that he would continue the ban for my exit. But, he turned to be a very reasonable person. Perhaps he was just bluffing. Not knowing his intention I asked for time for my attorney to come. The judge happily postponed the court to 2 pm afternoon. He read the illegal statements copied from my website’s forums. They were primitive and colloquial insult words that I never use. I am puritan and I never use cuss words even in my privacy. They were, according to the complaint prosecutor, insulting Turkishness, insulting Turkish flag, insulting Turkish generals, insulting Turkish National Congress, insulting Turkish judges, insulting Turkish prosecutors, and insulting Turkish police officers. The prosecutor had agreed with the informant citizen that I had violated the article 301 of the Criminal Code and a few others. The charges were based on a complaint letter and supportive documents of a cult member, whose name was recognized by my attorney who has been defending the victims of a mahdi wanna-be cult leader. (This cult leader has used the repressive Turkish laws to ban 19.org and many other popular sites, such as wordpress.com, youtube.com, and richarddawkins.net. Following his instructions, his followers are spamming the Internet with ugly false accusations against me.)

As later Taj would comfort me during my return to London, “if they did not accuse you of insulting Turkish pizza, Turkish bath, and Turkish coffee, no problem.” Well, I had problem with the accusations. First, I would never insult Turkish race, since I am not a racist person. I believe that God allowed the children of Adam to diversify in color, culture and language in order to enrich our lives. I know that the superiority is not by color or ethnic group, but by righteous acts. Besides teaching philosophy at college, I was also teaching Turkish classes at my younger son’s K-12 school in Arizona. According to the cultural attaché at the Turkish embassy in Washington, I was the first person in America that started teaching Turkish at a public K-12 school. I display a Turkish flag, its map, the picture of Mustafa Kamal Ataturk, and several beautiful pictures from Istanbul on the walls of the class I teach. Some parents traveled to Turkey just because of their children’s exposure to Turkish language and culture. Perhaps, those who accused me of insulting Turkishness would never serve the interest of Turkish people as much as I have done. If I had wanted to retaliate against what the racist Turks had done to me and my family, perhaps I should have joined the ranks of PKK terror organization. I am a Kurd whose mother tongue was banned by the racist Turkish laws, whose brother was killed by Turkish nationalists, and who was imprisoned and tortured for four years for expressing opposing political views, and was forced to serve in Turkish military for 18 months as a “dangerous soldier.”… As a rational monotheist, as a non-sectarian muslim, I could not have acted like my racist enemies. I promote unity and friendship between Kurds and Turks in all my writings on the issue.

I have written numerous articles critical of authoritarian generals who meddle with the Turkish democracy, or have written satires critical of flag-worshiper jingoists, or criticized the unjustified ban on women’s headscarf, but they were never crude insults as they were stated. “Those words could not have written by me,” I told the judge and the prosecutor on the bench. I was a skilled author and accusing me of authoring those primitive insults were in fact insult to my profession. “If I wished to insult those things,” I said, “I could have insulted in style, in a much better language.”

Though I find some of the Turkish laws suppressive of freedom of expression, I am very pleased that the legal system and police conduct have dramatically improved to the better. When it became clear that most of the “criminal words” did not belong to me, but belonged to the forum members at www.19.org , I was blamed for not censoring the postings of Turkish or Kurdish people who had expressed insults to Turkish government and national symbols.

The judge was a reasonable person and perhaps had problem with the article 301, which is now under consideration to be discarded. He dictated my statement, and instructed for my release and lifting the ban on my exit from Turkey. He wished to rule on the other two charges too, but they were not under his jurisdiction. We had to rush for the court at Kartal-Pendik region, on the Asian section of the city. We had less than an hour to beat the deadline of 5 pm. Otherwise I had to remain in jail until Monday, the day of my departure from Turkey. I would experience the fastest travel in Istanbul’s heavy traffic. The police officers used the siren and zigzagged through the traffic, occasionally using the shoulder, made it to the court just seven minutes before 5 pm.

The middle-aged judge, while browsing my files, looked at me and asked me whether my brother was killed about thirty years ago. I was worried that he could be affiliated with the nationalists. Well, after asking me a few questions, he instructed my release. I am very thankful to the police officers who did their best to make my release possible by the end of the day. I had very little chance to get a release from the three charges.

The following day, I had a great reception at the book fair. This was my third real public appearance since my immigration to the USA, about 19 years ago. For security reasons, I had to limit my activities with TV programs that allowed me to encounter religious scholars through live debates. The lecture room was filled with enthusiastic audience. The reporter from the weekly Tempo magazine later told me about his impression. He was surprised to see a diverse demographics: young and old, men and women, women with headscarves and women wearing modern attire… They were very peaceful and friendly to my arguments.

During the remaining two days in Istanbul, I had an interview for Tempo Magazine’s upcoming cover story on Islamic Reform movement, and I met with various groups, including an elite group from another Turkic republic. Contrasting my first night on the floor of the cell, a friend of mine gave me the key of one of his luxury apartments looking at the Bosporus Straight just above Bebek…

I was relieved the moment my airplane departed to London. When I arrived at Atlanta airport, I knew that I was at home. As much as I dislike some of the policies of the US government, especially its imperialistic and Zionist-controlled foreign policy and its promiscuous affairs with big corporations, I consider myself a very lucky person for living in a country with such a Constitution that has allowed me not to worry about expressing my progressive and liberal political and religious views. After my experience during my recent short trip, I became even more appreciative of the Constitution that protects individuals from the tyranny of government. May God reward Jefferson with eternal bliss!

Theometer or Sectometer

(First conducted on the participants of my lectures at Oxford University in November 3-5, 2008)

Edip Yuksel

Name: _________________________________________________

Email Address: __________________________________________

Phone: ______________________________________ Age: ______

Occupation: _____________________________________________

Nationality: _____________________________________________

Have you read the Manifesto for Islamic Reform? ______________

Favorite Books/Authors: ___________________________________

Your Sect: (a) Sunni (b) Shiite (c) Salafi (d) Other (d) No sect

Please put a CIRCLE around the letter of your choice:

1. According to the Quran, which one of these is not and cannot be idolized by people?

  1. Prophet Muhammad
  2. Desires or Wishful thinking (Hawa)
  3. Crowds or peers
  4. Ancestors or children
  5. Reasoning (Aql)

2. Which one of these is a true statement?

  1. The Quran is not sufficient to guide us; in addition we need Hadith and Sunna.
  2. The Quran is not sufficient to guide us; we need Hadith, Sunna and follow the teaching of a Sunni sect.
  3. The Quran is not sufficient to guide us; we need Hadith, Sunna and follow the teaching of a Shiite sect.
  4. The Quran is not sufficient to guide us; we need Hadith, Sunna, follow the teaching of a sect and join a religious order.
  5. The Quran is sufficient to guide us when we understand and follow it through the light of reason.

3. Which one of these hadiths narrated by Bukhari, Muslim and other “authentic” hadith books, do you think are fabricated:

  1. Muhammad was illiterate until he died.
  2. Muhammad married Aisha at age 54 while she was only 9 or 13 years-old.
  3. Muhammad dispatched a gang of fighters (sariyya) to kill a woman poet secretly during night in her home, for criticizing him publicly through her poems.
  4. Muhammad slaughtered 400 to 900 Jews belonging to Ben Qurayza for violating the treaty.
  5. All of the above.

4. Which one of these laws or rules does not exist in the Quran?

  1. Stone the married adulterers to death
  2. Do not play guitar
  3. Men should not wear silk and gold
  4. Men are superior to women
  5. All of the above

5. The Quran instructs us to follow the messengers. Following the messenger means:

  1. Follow Hadith and Sunna; Bukhari, Muslim, Ibn Hanbal, etc.
  2. Follow his Ahl-al-Bayt.
  3. Follow hadith, sunna, consensus of sahaba, ijtihad of imams and fatwas of ulama.
  4. Follow Muhammad.
  5. Follow the message he was sent with, which was Quran alone.

6. The Quran is God’s word, because:

  1. There are verses of the Quran stating that it is God’s word.
  2. The Quran is a literary miracle. None can bring a sura like it surpassing its literary qualities.
  3. I do not need to have a reason. Reason is not reliable. I have faith in the Quran.
  4. The moral teaching of the Quran is the best for individual and humanity.
  5. The Quranic signs (aya) do not have internal contradiction nor does it contradict the signs in nature. Besides, it is numerically coded book with an extraordinary mathematical structure integrated with its composition and Arabic language.

7. Which one of the following is correct for Muhammad:

  1. Muhammad was the final messenger and prophet.
  2. Muhammad had the highest rank above all humans.
  3. Muhammad demonstrated many miracles such as splitting the moon, healing the sick, and crippling a child
  4. All of the above´
  5. Muhammad was a human messenger like other messengers.

8. In what year he Bukhari started collecting hadith for his hadith collection known as the Sahih Bukhari, the most trusted Sunni hadith collection?

  1. During the life of Muhammad in Medina
  2. Ten years after Muhammad’s death.
  3. 130 years after Muhammad’s death.
  4. 200 years after Muhammad’s death
  5. 230 years after Muhammad’s death.

9. According to Bukhari himself, he collected the 7,275 hadith among the 700,000 hadiths he collected. If each hadith, together with its isnad (the chain of reporters) and sanad (the text that was attributed to Muhammad) took about half a book page, how many volumes of books with 500 pages would they take to record all those 700,000 hadith allegedly collected by Bukhari?

  1. 7 volumes
  2. 10 volumes
  3. 70 volumes
  4. 100 volumes
  5. 700 volumes

10. What are the last statements in the Farewell Sermon (Khutba al-Wida) which was reportedly witnessed by more than 100,000 sahaba, making it by far the most authentic hadith among the thousands of hadiths?

  1. I leave you Abu Bakr; you should follow him.
  2. I leave you my sahaba; you may follow any of them.
  3. I leave you the Quran and Sunna; you should follow both.
  4. I leave you the Quran and Ahl-al- Bayt (my family); you should follow them.
  5. I leave you the Quran, you should follow it.

11. According to some “authentic hadith” found in Bukhari and other hadith books, there was a verse instructing muslims to stone the married adulterers to death: “Al-shayhu wal-shayhatu iza zanaya farjumuhuma nakalan…” According to hadith reports, what happened to those verses?

  1. After the Prophet Muhammad’s death, Umayyad governor Marwan burned the pages where those verses were written.
  2. Angle Gebrail came down and deleted it from the scripture.
  3. Ibni Abbas forgot it yet Abu Hurayra never forgot it.
  4. There is no reference to such a verse in any authentic hadith books.
  5. After the Prophet Muhammad’s death, the skin which the verse was written on was protected under Aisha’s bed. A hungry goat ate it. Thus, it was abrogated literally yet kept legally.

12. According to both Bukhari and Muslim, when Muhammad was in his death bed, he asked his comrades around to bring him a paper and pen to write something for them so that they would not divert from the right path. According to the same “authentic” Sunni hadith books, Omar bin Khattab stopped a sahaba who was hurrying for a paper and pen and said the following: “The prophet is sick and has fever. He does not know what he is saying. God’s book is sufficient for us.” According to the hadith, all the prominent comrades (sahaba) agreed with Omar and Muhammad passed away without writing down his advice. What do you think about this hadith?

  1. If it is narrated by both Bukhari and Muslim, then it must be true
  2. If it is true, then, Omar and all other Sahaba must have betrayed Muhammad and committed blasphemy.
  3. If it is true, then, Omar and all prominent Sahaba were followers of the Quran alone.
  4. If it is false then all other hadith too should be rejected.
  5. C and D must be true

13. Do we need to SAY “sallallahu alayhi wasallam” after Muhammad’s name?

  1. Yes, every time Muhammad is mentioned we have to praise his name.
  2. Yes, but we need to say only once in our lifetime.
  3. Yes, the more we say the better.
  4. Yes, and those who do not say it after Muhammad’s name disrespect him and they will not receive his intercession.
  5. No, the Quran does not ask us to say anything after Muhammad’s name; muslims were asked (salli ala) to support him, as he was also asked to support them (salli alayhim).

14. What is the correct Testimony (shahada) according to the Quran:

  1. I bear witness that there is no god but the God and the Quran is God’s word.
  2. I bear witness that there is no god but the God and Muhammad is His messenger.
  3. I bear witness that there is no god but the God and Muhammad is His messenger and His servant.
  4. I bear witness that there is no god but the God and Abraham, Jesus, Moses and Muhammad are His messengers.
  5. I bear witness that there is no god but the God.

15. Should Muslims who do not observe daily prayers be beaten in public?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

16. Should Muslims who are caught for consuming alcohol for the fourth time be killed?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

17. Did the prophet give permission to kill women and children in the war?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

18. According to the Quran, are women banned from reading Quran and pray during their menstruation periods?

  1. Yes
  2. No.

19. In the daily Sala prayers, do you recite “attahiyyatu lillahi wassalawatu …. as salamu alayka ayyuhannabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu”?

  1. Yes
  2. No

20. Does the Quran justify taxing Jewish and Christian population under Muslim authority with extra or different taxation called Jizya?

  1. Yes
  2. No.

21. Does the Quran instruct women to cover their hair?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

22. Are woman restricted from leading congregational prayers?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

23. Are women mentally and spiritually inferior to men?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

24. Does the Quran restrict women from initiating divorce?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

25. Is polygamy with previously unmarried women allowed?

  1. Yes, up to four women.
  2. No, polygamy is allowed only with the widows who have orphans.

26. Do pilgrims need to cast real stones at the devil?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

27. Is the black stone near Kaba holy?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

28. May a muslim own slaves?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

29. Is circumcision a required or encouraged practice in Islam?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

30. Should converts change their names to Arabic names?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

31. How much zaka charity one should give away?

  1. 2.5%
  2. As much as one can afford, without making themselves needy.

32. Are those who break their fast during Ramadan before the sunset required to fast 60 consecutive days as a punishment for not completing the day?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

33. Is leadership the right of Quraish tribe?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

34. Is drawing pictures or making three dimensional statutes a sin?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

35. Are there more dietary prohibitions besides pork, carcass, running blood, and animal dedicated to idolized names?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

36. Is displaying Muhammad’s name and the names of his closest companions next to God’s name in the mosques idol-worship?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

37. Did Muhammad advise some sick people to drink camel urine?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

38. Did Muhammad gauge people’s eyes with hot nails?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

39. After following the advice of Moses, did Muhammad, bargain with God about the number of prayers, lowering down from the impossible-to-observe 50 times a day to 5 times a day?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

40. Does Muhammad have the power of intercession?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

41. Was Muhammad sinless?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

42. Did God create the universe for the sake of Muhammad?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

43. Did Muhammad have sexual power of 30 males?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

44. Was Muhammad bewitched by a Jew?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

45. Do some verses of the Quran abrogate other verses?

  1. Yes.
  2. No.

Here is the story and the answer of this test:

Between November 3 and 10 of 2008, I travelled to UK and Turkey to deliver four lectures; first two at Oxford University, the third at Muslim Institute in London and the fourth one in Istanbul Book Fair. I had prepared a test containing 45 multiple choice questions just the night before my travel. I duplicated them on both sides of a single sheet and I distributed to the audience before the lecture… They were asked to write their name, age, occupation, email address, favorite authors, and their sectarian affiliation. It was a bit awkward to test an audience that consisted of students and professors at one of the world’s top universities. The multiple-choice test proved to be a powerful instrument to deliver the message of Islamic Reform under the light of the Quran. The correct answer for each multiple choice question was the E option, and for the Yes or No questions was the B option. So, it would take me a few seconds to evaluate the tests after they were returned to me.

The Sunni or Shiite test-takers found themselves in quagmire of contradiction with their own sectarian teachings. They learned that they were thirty, forty or even more than fifty percent infidels or heretics. Some of those who marked Sunni as their sectarian affiliation contradicted the Sunni teachings on most of the issues. According to their own confessed sects, their lives were worthless; they deserved to be killed! I did not let this mirror or sect-o-meter remain an individual experience; I publicly declared the overall results. Many got all answers correct, including Eric, a monotheist from Unitarian church who already had a copy of the Quran: a Reformist Translation in his possession. Eric knew the original message of islam better than all the mullahs and the so-called “ulama” combined.

If you have chosen the wrong option for any of the questions and you are wondering why you have contradicted the Quran, please visit www.islamicreform.org and read the full version of the Manifesto for Islamic Reform. If you prefer to have it in a book form, you may order it by visiting www.brainbowpress.com


[1] As one of the principles I have committed myself since my childhood I never use cuss words, but somehow I do not find my habitual aversion against the British cussword “bloody”. I am not exactly sure about its complete connotations and subtle innuendoes, but I am going to use it in this article as a British souvenir.

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Myth of Moderate Drinking

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The Myth of Moderate Drinking

From Quran: a Reformist Translation, Endnote: 002:219

The root of the Arabic word we translated as “intoxicants” is KhaMaRa and it means “to cover.” If its first letter is read with Ha (9) rather than Kh (600), it then means Red, referring to red wine (For the usage of Hamar in the Bible, see Deuteronomy 32:14; Isaiah 27:2 Ezra 6:9; 7:22; Daniel 5:1-2,4). We prefer its common pronunciation. Some translations, while accepting the same pronunciation, have erroneously restricted the meaning of the word by translating it as “wine” or “liquor.” Consumption of all intoxicants, be they alcoholic beverages, drugs, crack, cocaine, heroin, etc. are covered by this prohibition. The harm inflicted to individual and society by alcoholic beverages, drugs and gambling is enormous. See 5:90-91.

The Quran does not prohibit alcoholic beverages or drugs legally, and thus does not suggest any punishment for mere usage of alcohol. Hadith books ordaining severe penalties for the consumption of alcohol contradict the Quranic jurisprudence, since people’s personal choices, how bad they may be, cannot be penalized by society. Society can only punish acts that are direct or proximate causes of harm to another person or persons. Besides, putting limitations on individual rights wastes society’s resources, increases corruption, hypocrisy, and underground criminal activities, and other crimes. Legally banning and criminalizing the consumption and production of alcohol, a liquid drug, at the turn of 20th century proved to be a bad idea. Similarly, criminalizing the consumption of other drugs is also a bad idea. Society’s resources should be used for the prevention and rehabilitation of these kinds of socially and psychologically caused addictions.

However, the Quran prohibits intoxicants to individuals for various reasons, including: moral (the designer and creator of your body and mind asks you not to intentionally harm the body lent to you for a lifetime), intellectual (the greatest gift you have is your brain and its power to make good judgment, so do not choose to be stupid or more stupid than you already are!) and pragmatic (you and your society will suffer grave loss of health, wealth, happiness, and many lives; do not contribute to the production and acceleration of such a destructive boomerang).

The common justification for using alcohol, “I drink in moderation,” is not convincing, since almost all those who suffer from alcohol abuse or its consequences such as drunk driving, had started with moderation, sip by sip, and gradually increased the dosage because of peers or uncontrollable events in their lives. Today’s moderate drinker may be tomorrow’s addict. Why take the chance, especially when it is not a necessity? Stupidity in moderation is not something to be justified, let alone glorified. Rational people should not subject themselves and the society to the grave risks inflicted by alcohol. Besides, moral people should not support an industry that hurts a big segment of the society. The anecdotal “research” results that are occasionally advertised by the media claiming that the usage of wine or alcohol in moderation to be healthy for the heart is suspect, since beer and wine companies are major supporters of the media through commercials.

Many correlations are ignored by the so-called researchers. For instance, studying the impact of wine consumption on health, without taking into account the income, health insurance, diet, lifestyle, genetic make up, and environment of wine-drinkers, will not produce a reliable cause-and-effect relationship. Interestingly, some of the health benefits attributed to alcohol have been listed for grape juice, though in higher doses. Even if alcohol or any other drug had some economic, social and even health benefits, the Quran reminds us of the proven fact that their harms outweigh their benefits.

The Bible contains contradictory messages regarding the use of wine or alcoholic beverages. The Hebrew equivalent of the Quranic word Sakar (16:67; 4:43) is Shekar (intoxicant) and it is criticized by the Old Testament (Leviticus 10:9; Judges 13:4, Isaiah 28:7; Isaiah 5:11; 24:9; 29:9; 56:12; Joel 3:3; Amos 6:6; Pr 20:1; 31:6; Micah 2:11). Wine impairs the health, judgment and memory (1 Samuel 25:37; Hosea 4:11; Peter 31:4-5), inflames the passions (Isaiah 5:11), and leads to sorrow, contention and remorse (Peter 23:29-32). Wine also cheers God and man (Judges 9:13; Zechariah 9:17; Psalms 104:15; Esther 1:10; Ecclesiastes 10:19), and strengthens the body (2Samuel 16:2; Song 2:5).

Though the consumption of wine is occasionally approved and even encouraged through the daily sacrifice (Exodus 29:40-41), with the offering of the first-fruits (Leviticus 23:13), and with various other sacrifices (Numbers 15:4-10), the Bible also contains some prohibitions. For instance it prohibits wine for the Rechabites (Jeremiah 35:1-19), the Nazirites (Judges 13:7; Luke 1:15; 7:33), and the priests when engaged in their services (Leviticus 10:1, 9-11). It also lists wine as offerings of idolatry (Deuteronomy 32:37-38).

The Hebrew Bible uses about a dozen words to refer to different kinds of alcoholic beverages (Ashisha, Asis, Hemer, Enabh, Mesekh, Tirosh, Sobhe, Shekar, Yekebh, Shemarim, Mesek). However, some Biblical scholars limit the application of this prohibition by translating the Shekar as “strong drink.” The majority of Christian sects have no religious inhibition regarding the consumption of alcohol. Easton, a Jesus-worshipping tri-theist, writes: “Our Lord miraculously supplied wine at the marriage feast in Cana of Galilee (John 2:1-11).”

The New Testament also contains warnings for people against the excess consumption of intoxicants (Luke 21:34; Romans 13:13; Ephesians 5:18; 1 Timothy 3:8; Titus 1:7). But, in the same volume, we also see wine moving from lip to lip as a sacred drink. According to the Gospels, Jesus turns water to wine (John 4:46) and wine has a prominent place in Passover and the Last Supper. While Mark 15:23 serves Jesus wine in his last moments, Matthew 27:34 serves him vinegar. It is obvious that the Gospel authors could not differentiate between vinegar and wine.

The contradictory position regarding wine or alcoholic beverages reaches absurdity when Jesus allegedly declared wine to be memorials of his body and blood. The Book of Revelation, a theo-fictional nightmare, mixes wine with the numerically defined beast and hell fire. “And the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice, If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his hand, The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation; and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb: And the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they have no rest day nor night, who worship the beast and his image, and whosoever receiveth the mark of his name” (Revelations 14:9-11).

It seems that the words grape juice, vinegar, literal wine, and metaphorical wine, may all be mixed up in the Bible due to some intentional tampering during its oral or written transmission, and the errors committed during translations of other translations.

 

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The Holy Viruses

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The “Holy” Viruses of the Brain

(From NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture; By Edip Yüksel)

“Do you have the same religion as your parents? Score 0 points if you do and have never doubted or questioned its teachings. Score 2 for any other answer. This is an example of dogmatism, the blind acceptance of received ideas. Religion itself is not the issue here; rather, its acceptance without question is the important matter. To adhere unflinchingly to childhood beliefs on any subject, to shut your mind to new ideas, or even to other old ideas, is death to the intellect. Besides, religions should have nothing to hide. They ought to encourage doubts and questions so that they can lay them to rest and reinforce faith.” (Brain Building, Marilyn vos Savant & Leonore Fleischer, Bantam Books, 1990, p. 38.)

“As long as the prerequisites for that shining paradise is ignorance, bigotry and hate, I say the hell with it.” (Henry Drummond, Inherit the Wind).

Ask the people who are leaving church after the Sunday sermon in a modern neighborhood of San Diego: “Why do you believe that Jesus is God in the flesh and was sacrificed by God for other people’s sins?” As an answer, you might hear, “Because the Bible says so.” If you then subject them to a follow-up question, “Well, how you know that the Bible is the word of God?” you might hear the following answer while witnessing the smile on the face of your audience fading: “The Bible says that it is the word of God.” Should you remind your audience that his/her reasoning is a circular argument; the dialogue is likely to end immediately. If your audience allows you to ask more questions, you might receive the ultimate answer: “Because I believe so; I have faith in the Bible.” You might not be able to hear the reason behind the faith of many believers; moreover, you might never hear the real reason. None of the Catholics, Protestants, Baptists, or Mormons will tell you that they believe as they do because their parents and/or their immediate friends believe that way. This is, unfortunately, the reality for most believers.

If you ask the same questions of a Hindu who has just purified himself in the waters of the Ganges, you will receive similar answers. The answers of a Muslim praying in the Blue Mosque of Istanbul or a Buddhist chanting in a Tokyo temple will not be any different.

If you were born in India, most likely you are a Hindu, in Saudi Arabia a Muslim, in Israel a Jew. Since you are in the USA, you are most likely a Christian. The dominant religion of your family and your country is more likely to be adopted by you. Why? What is the relationship between religion and geography or ethnicity?

Years ago, I did some psychological experiments to explore certain common human behaviors. The most interesting one was on conformity and compliance. I wanted to find out how we, as individuals, behave under strong group pressure. How does a minority of one react against a unanimous majority? The results were incredible.

The Arrow Test

For the experiment, I gathered five persons in a room and had them sit in a line. These participants would be my confederates. I told them that we would perform an experiment on the next person who would enter the room. He would be the last in the line. In the beginning, I would ask them two warm-up questions, and trained them to give me the correct answers. But, when I would ask them the third question (the real one), I trained my confederates to loudly give me the wrong answer one by one.

When the real participant entered the room, I announced that we would have a test–as if I had never discussed the subject with the group before. Then, I asked two warm-up questions. I drew simple figures on the board and asked them one by one the routine question: Which one is similar to this one? After all the five participants gave the correct answer, the real participant also gave the correct answer. They were easy questions.

Then, it came to the real question, the easiest one. I asked the following question: Which figure on the right side is similar to the figure on the left side?

A  
B  ↔
C  

One by one, my confederates gave the wrong answer. The first said “C.” The second also said “C.” The third, fourth and the fifth also followed with “C.” The real participant was in shock. He was amazed at the discrepancy between what he saw and what he heard. After hearing five straight C’s, when his turn came, he agreed with the majority that the “C” was the right answer.

Later, I learned that I was not the first one who conducted this experiment. Between 1951-56, S. E. Asch performed a series of studies on compliance and conformity. Let me summarize the results of his experiments:

Asch made his experiments with different lengths of lines. He asked the participants to match the standard line with the lines on the left. Out of 123 participants, only 29 did not ever conform to the group’s decision. 61 participants went along with their groups on every occasion. However, 33 conformed to their groups numerous times, agreeing on the obviously wrong answer almost every time.

“Some participants in the Asch study claimed to have actually seen the wrong line as a correct match. They privately accepted the belief of the majority opinion. About half of the rest of the conformists claimed that they had seen the lines correctly, but that when they heard the majority choice, became convinced they must have been wrong. They then went along with the group. The remaining conformists said they knew that the answer was not correct but that they had gone along with the group anyway.” (Small Group Discussion: a theoretical approach, Charles Pavitt & Ellen Curtis, Gorsuch Scarisbric, Scottsdale, AZ., 1992, p 160-165)

Conformity, whether in the form of compliance or private acceptance, occurs in every group. If a gang member steals a car the first time, most likely he will continue to do so. After the first criminal activity, the reluctance and moral anguish that he experienced in the first time will decrease and finally disappear with more involvement. He will probably justify his stealing in order to maintain his internal harmony. The same is true for new members of religious groups. The initial hesitation and questions are replaced by justification after participating the first ritual or baptism ceremony.

Marilyn vos Savant, author of the popular American newspaper column Ask Marilyn, asked her readers whether they laugh more when watching movies in theaters rather than their homes. She then went on to evaluate the impact of a group on an individual, stating:

“This is a good example of the human tendency to put aside one’s own thinking and accept the thinking of others. Common to all of us is the pressure to go along with the group, at least to some extent. Also, we feel more comfortable, safer in a group; our opinions aren’t attributable to us, and we don’t stand out. It’s no accident that television sitcoms come complete with laugh tracks; people feel better about laughing out loud if they can hear others laughing too. But sitcoms also come with “gasp” tracks and “awwww” tracks as well; your responses are being subjected to professional manipulation. What we may be timid about doing or saying as individuals, we will do or say in concert with others. However, this type of behavior has a numbing effect upon the intellect. It tends to validate and maintain whatever “groupthink” is current, whether or not it’s accurate or true. Worse, it puts the mind out of the habit of thinking. People who let others direct their thinking eventually stop thinking for themselves entirely.” (Marilyn vos Savant & Leonore Fleischer, Brain Building, Bantam Books, 1990, p. 35.)

The worst place for the brain is not the theaters, since at least there you have certain control over which movie to watch. Further, movies do not control your attitude and decisions regarding issues as crucial as life and death. The worst enemy of the brain, perhaps far ahead of drugs and alcoholic beverages, is unfortunately, those places that are associated with God: churches, mosques, synagogues, and temples of any religion. Usually, those places are picked for you by your parents, and even by your government. When you go there, the “sacred” dogmas and teachings in your brain are reinforced and you are told to close your eyes again in faith and condemn everyone who dares to question them. In time, a large territory of your brain is claimed and operated by religious virtual viruses that manipulate your thought in the interest of clergymen who do so. All in the name of a conventional god. There is no easy cure for this “holy” bug. Jomo Kenyatta, the first prime minister and president of Kenya, once depicted the role of religion in the history of his country as the “opium of masses”:

“When the missionaries came to Africa, they had the Bible and we had the land. They said: ‘Let us pray.’ We closed our eyes. When we opened them, we had the Bible and they had the land.”

Some religious books use an effective psychological trick to gain converts. For instance, The Book of Mormon suggests the following test for skeptics:

“And when you shall receive these things, I would exhort you that you would ask God, the Eternal Father, in the name of Christ, if these things are not true; and if you shall ask with a sincere heart, with real intent, having faith in Christ, he will manifest the truth of it unto you, by the power of the Holy Ghost. And by the power of the Holy Ghost you may know the truth of all things.” (The Book of Mormon, Moroni 10:4-5).

Should it come as a surprise that a good number of people who take this “test” end up experiencing transformation in their lives? The power in this so-called proof of divinity is produced by priming the gullible subject to a self-executing conversion. First, the subject must already have accepted as fact the orthodox dogma regarding the deity of Jesus and all related stories concocted by St. Paul, the Pharisee, Son of Pharisee. Second, the subject must believe that the verses of Moroni will lead him to find the truth about the very verses prescribing how to find the truth. Third, the subject is ready to interpret any usual or unusual event occurring in the next days in favor of these tenets! The primed mind will perhaps witness many miracles and “feel” the Holy Ghost inside his or her mind. Fourth, the Church has won another convert who will fill its treasury with money. and a potential volunteer recruiter who would use the same test to attract others to the church.

Many Sufi leaders also use similar psychological tricks. For example, they ask the candidate to utter certain prayers in certain numbers and fashions while thinking about the Sheik before going to bed. Most of those who follow the instructions end up seeing dreams and interpreting them as expected. They become fanatic followers. Beside their night dreams, they start daydreaming. Their minds along with their pockets are intruded and manipulated by their religious leaders.

It may surprise many that Martin Luther, the founder of Protestan movement who was considered a progressive clergyman compared to the Pope, was a bigot. He invited his followers to give up their reasoning faculties and discard their brains:

“Reason is the greatest enemy that faith has; it never comes to the aid of spiritual things, but more frequently than not struggles against the divine Word, treating with contempt all that emanates from God.” (Martin Luther, Last Sermon in Wittenberg, 17 January 1546.)

If you are the supplier or the client of absurd stories in the name of God, then of course you will have problem with God’s greatest gift to you: your reasoning faculties. Marx hit the nail in the head by rejecting religions with his famous description: “opium of the masses.”

History is filled with tragedies created by those who gave up thinking or questioning those in power, be it of religious leaders or political heroes. No wonder millions of people accept absurd claims on faith and feel self-righteous about promoting nonsense. For instance, millions passionately reject the theory of evolution without even studying it. In the following excerpt from Inherit the Wind, Henry Drummond, the defence lawyer, makes a powerful point about the importance of critical thinking:

Matthew Harrison Brady: We must not abandon faith! Faith is the most important thing!
Henry Drummond: Then why did God plague us with the capacity to think? Mr. Brady, why do you deny the one thing that sets above the other animals? What other merit have we? The elephant is larger, the horse stronger and swifter, the butterfly more beautiful, the mosquito more prolific, even the sponge is more durable. Or does a sponge think?
Matthew Harrison Brady: I don’t know. I’m a man, not a sponge!
Henry Drummond: Do you think a sponge thinks?
Matthew Harrison Brady: If the Lord wishes a sponge to think, it thinks!
Henry Drummond: Does a man have the same privilege as a sponge?
Matthew Harrison Brady: Of course!
Henry Drummond: [Gesturing towards the defendant, Bertram Cates] Then this man wishes to have the same privilege of a sponge, he wishes to think!

Ironically, those who have reduced their critical thinking abilities to the level of sponge show the audacity to peddle and even impose their silly stories as the ultimate truth. The audacity of arrogant believers led the fictional character Henry Drummond to utter one of the most memorable statements on this point:

“As long as the prerequisite for that shining paradise is ignorance, bigotry and hate, I say the hell with it.”

Before putting anything in our mouths we observe the color, sniff its smell, then we check its taste. If a harmful bit fools all those examinations, our stomach come to rescue and throws them up. There are many other organs that function as stations for testing, examination, and modification of imported material into our bodies. They ultimately meet our smart and vigilant nano-guards: white cells. Then, it is a mystery how we put information and assertions, especially the most bizarre ones, into our brains without subjecting them to rigorous test of critical thinking. We should not turn our brains into trash cans of false ideas, holy viruses, unexamined dogmas and superstitions! We should be wise!

Carol Tavris, the author of influential books such as The Mismeasure of Woman and Invitation to Psychology, pulls our attention to the psychological aspect of religious beliefs:

“One of the problems with the skeptical movement is that it attempts to take important beliefs away from people without replacing them. People believe that skeptics and scientists are forever telling them their ideas are wrong, stupid, and naïve—”No, you cannot talk to Uncle Henry from beyond the grave; that medium is a fraud” or “No, crushed aardvark bones can’t cure your cancer.” One problem with the critical thinking movement, which came from philosophy, was that it missed the psychological and emotional reasons that people don’t think critically and don’t want to think critically. Until you understand the forces that make people want to believe something, you can’t just expect people to listen rationally to a set of arguments that will skewer their deepest, most cherished ideas.” (Michael Shermer, The Measure of a Woman: An Interview With Social Scientist Carol Tavris, Skeptic, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1999. p. 71.)

Considering the prevalence of this psychological factor for most religious people, my skeptical approach to religions is not likely to appeal to many. It is very likely that devout members of organized religions will never be able to study the presentation of empirical and rational evidences demonstrating the authenticity of Quran’s claim objectively, since their choice of religion is not based on their intellect, but on their emotional reaction to social pressure.

Religion: the best nest for conformists

Organized religions may give a myriad of different answers for a single question. Dogmas attract the highest rate of conformists. Conformity, eventually, causes the private acceptance or justification of the dogma. Some people become fanatics, dedicating themselves to the dogma. The old conformists cause the newcomers to conform. This chain attraction goes on.

Why is the percentage of religious conformists and their private acceptance so high? There are many reasons. Here is my kaleidoscopic and, doubtless, incomplete list:

  • We are exposed to dogmas from childhood. It is called “boiled frog syndrome.” If one puts a frog in a container and pours hot water over its body, the frog will jump to save its life. But if the temperature of the water is gradually increased, the frog will not notice the heat and will boil to death. Well, we all experience the so-called “boiled frog syndrome” in many aspects of our daily lives. One of the worst examples of this syndrome is very common among religious people. Our early exposure to religion has a great impact on us. For a Hindu, thousands of human gods, the caste system, and holy cows make more sense than anything else does. For a Christian, a God with three personalities sacrificing his innocent son to criminals provides the only answer for the purpose of life. And for a Sunni Muslim, living a life according to medieval Arab culture, and glorifying Muhammad’s name is the only password to heaven.
  • Recent studies using Implicit Association Test, or IAT show that our unconscious attitudes create strong biases. Those who do not engage in self-examination, critical thinking, and deliberate and constant struggle to be open-minded fall victim of this stealthy diabolic mental infection.
  • Religious answers are not simple. On the contrary, they are mostly complex and vague. One can interpret any dogma and make it acceptable to him. The way is wide open for justification through endless speculations.
  • Many answers do not have objective validity or a verifiable/falsifiable thesis. Since we cannot verify them, we can easily accept them.
  • Professional priesthood survives on particular dogmas, so there will always be some well-trained holy “sales people” around. They are the most effective pitchmen ever seen in this world, and they are adept at adapting to new ways.
  • The common religious norms such as “Have faith without reason” or “Don’t question” can close all the circuits for any possible intellectual light. As long as a person has swallowed the Trojan horse of “faith without reason,” with its head and tail, even the most absurd religious teachings will have access through a back door to the brain of the victim.
  • Religions do not nakedly expose their false dogmas and myths. They exploit the truth and craftily amalgamate it with myths. Phraseology like “Good moral values,” attracts many. For the sake of some truth, we may accept the mixture as the whole truth.
  • Religious peer pressure is very strong. Because of this, the social and psychological punishment for not complying with the religion of our family and friends usually has a deterrent effect. Therefore, we may employ an intellectual censorship to avoid a possible confrontation.
  • Our enigmatic brains can reinforce our private acceptance by playing odd games. Selective cognition and logical fallacies can create spiritual experiences.
  • The socio-economic benefits of a religion or cult may force us to rationalize and justify their dogmas.
  • The so-called third world countries that suffer from chronic economic and political problems are governed by an elite minority who exploit the resources through authoritarian repression and all that come with it; bribery, nepotism, monopoly, and usury. In those countries, the majority of the population is condemned to struggle with unemployment, poverty, and ignorance. In such an environment of corruption and injustice, a religion or a sect that provides the oppressed and deprived with an identity and radical opposition may attract masses. In this context, the popular religion or sect is a political tool, a courage pill, and a symbol of rebellion. The suppressed hate and rage erupts with slogans colored with the name of God and religious heroes. In such an environment, religion and religious orders do not represent reason and reality, but the complex emotions caused by social and economic frustration.
  • Religion, combined with Nationalistic hormones, is used with great success throughout history to send the children of the poor to wars declared by the wealthy elite who enjoy more power and obscene profits during wars. The resources of other countries are plundered in the background of holy hymns and patriotic songs. No wonder clergymen of all religions usually have been the accomplices of corrupt and oppressive kings, slave owners, the colonialists, the imperialists, the invaders, the oppressors, and the greedy.
  • Religion may provide the ultimate feeling of superiority for those who suffer from an inferiority complex.
  • Religions promise hope to the poor and sick for eternal bliss after their miserable lives on this earth. In Karl Marx’s words, “religion is the opium of masses.” Ironically, to some lesser extent, the same concern becomes essential for the rich when they realize that they are aging and cannot control their rapid decline towards the grave, which will separate them from all their luxury and power. A church, a mosque or a temple of any religion may offer them all they want: a clergyman’s voice declaring their salvation and entitlement to go to heaven. Now, the poor and sick can bear their pain, and the rich can continue throwing parties and collecting luxury cars in their mansions.
  • We might fall in love with the faith that we adhere. This love affair produces hormones in our brain. Losing an established faith is scary since it threatens the current chemical structure and neurological connections of the brain. A fanatic believer may demonstrate a much stronger obsession or addiction than that of a cigarette smoker (Surely, this is valid for fanatic disbelievers too.).

Unfortunately, most believers are ignorant of or disinterested with the intellectual and philosophical aspect and implication of religions. How many religious people do you know who changed his/her religion because of his/her intellectual inquiry? How many so-called Muslims do you know who subject their faith to a rational and empirical test, as recommended by their holy book?

“You shall not accept any information, unless you verify it for yourself. The hearing, the eyesight, and the mind are responsible for it.” (17:36).

“Most of them follow nothing but conjecture, and conjecture is no substitute for the truth. GOD is fully aware of everything they do.” (10:36).

Indeed, in the Quranic terminology, the words “believer” (more accurately, “acknowledging person”) and “gullible” denote mutually exclusive characteristics. Unfortunately, in today’s world they are synonymous.

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Blind Watch-Watchers or Smell the Cheese

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The Blind Watch-Watchers

or Smell the Cheese

An Intelligent and Delicious Argument for Intelligent Design in Evolution

(From upcoming, 19 Questions For Atheists, by Edip Yuksel)

 

Reminder: If you are busy, you may skip the entertaining warm-up section and start reading from subtitle, The Genesis. If you have very little time or a cranky-old man then, it might be better if you start from the subtitle, Methinks it is Like a Blind Watch-watcher.

Let’s do it backwards. I will start with quoting a sample of reactions I received from people, mostly my close friends, to the draft version of this article. I do not hope they would influence you like those “two-thumbs-up” movie reviews, but I hope that they will confuse you regarding the merits of this article before engaging you in a philosophical and scientific argument. The mixed reaction I received so far taught me this: a great deal of my readers will close their eyes and touch the tail, the trunk or the ear of this elephantine article and they will perceive it as they feel. I wrote this article for the lucky few who will not get distracted by its musings or the side arguments; they will see both the watch and the watch-maker as clearly as they see these letters. Here is a sample from those feedbacks:

“Very nice and heavily scientific and philosophical as well. You are using simple logic to explain a complex topic and this is a great art.” (Ali Bahzadnia, MD., my endocrinologist friend, USA).

“I loved the cheese!” (Mark Sykes, PhD, J.D., my rocket-scientist lawyer friend, Tucson, Mars and Beyond).

“Interesting and thought-provoking.” (Megan C. PhD, Biochemist, USA, not my friend)

“Your arguments are against the existence of man and all living, reproducing organisms. Unless we are only God’s nightmare without corporal existence, your arguments are foolish. You may want to return to restudy the very simple tenets of evolution. You have a better mind than this paper suggests. Arguing against evolution is not the problem. Your “straw man” argument is… Try again with a little more scholarship… (David Jones, PhD., my psychologist/educator atheist friend, USA).

“I read the article tonight and enjoyed the article very much… The overall feel of the article for me was that it was a different look at the anthropic principle; and in many ways a restatement of it…” (Oben Candemir, MD., my ophthalmologist friend, Australia).

“Very … ” (Kristen Lorenz, OD., my physicist friend, USA, who is still reading it).

“Irrelevant B.S.! Bachelor of Science in philosophy is not the right muscle to dissect or rummage the messy details of fossils, genes, enzymes, and hormones. When lawyers enter a scientific debate, it is time to write its obituary. Irrelevant B.S.! Jurisdiction denied!” (XYZ PhD, my critic from ABC; or my “The Demon-Haunted” skeptic personality).

“This is not a scientific paper. Because many assertions are flat wrong. Evolution IS falsifiable, for example Static fossil records would falsify it or finding a way that would prevent mutation from accumulating. Marvels of Marble is an extremely bad example. Property of two marbles together is not much different than one, survival of the fittest does not play any part, throwing the marbles down terminates in a finite event of a short period of time. I kind of agree with XYZ.” (Fereydoun Taslimi, entrepreneur and philanthropist, a monotheist friend, indeed a good friend, USA)

“I thank and congratulate Edip for taking on.” (Mustafa Akyol, a columnist friend expert on evolution versus creation debate, Turkey).

When my older son turned teenager, like others in his age group, his voice and face started mutating. I complimented his evolution from childhood to puberty by jokingly depicting it as devolution. “Yahya, when will you be going to get the kiss that will turn you back into a prince?” He knew well that I was not expecting him to get a kiss from a sweetheart until he graduated from college. Though he did not get that kiss (as far as I know), within a couple of years he started turning into a prince, again.

Please do not spoil your reading of this delicious article by telling yourself, “This guy does not know even the meaning of the words mutation and evolution in the context of the evolution versus creation.” I do not wish to sound arrogant, but I do know this and even more. Though I studied philosophy and received my doctorate degree in law, I took a graduate course entitled “Philosophy of Evolution” just for the fun of it. I am also one of the first people who tried to get some legal inspiration from biology. In the mid 1990’s, I wrote articles with bizarre titles, such as, “Biology and Law” or “Biology of Human Rights.” (Since they did not possess the characteristics of a “serious” article, such as numerous references, boring language, and lengthy exposition, they were not material for a scholarly journal. Thus, I published them at my personal website: www.yuksel.org). Furthermore, I have read numerous boring and exciting books and articles on this subject matter.

So, I decided to write an essay for the laymen who know that they know very little about the scientific aspect of the debate, yet they feel that they must take sides on this highly controversial issue that has enormous political and theological ramifications. (As for those laymen who do not know that they know very little, even Socrates could not be of any help.) No wonder we see many of those who have no clue about the intricacy of the debate appear to be ready to abort each other on this issue. To them “irreducible complexity” may sound complex, and the sudden appearance of complex life forms in the event called Cambrian Explosion may mean less than Noah’s Flood or last year’s Emmy’s Awards. The argument of one party might be primarily based on the “God of gaps” and of the opposing party on “anything but God.” They may not even know more than one or two names besides Darwin. For instance, Empedocles, Cicero, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, Ibn Khaldun, Al-Hazen, Hume, Paley, Mendel, Huxley, Johnson, Dawkins, Gould, Behe, or Dembsky may not spark any ideas in the minds of those who are well versed about fictional characters such as Samson who killed a thousand men with the jaw of an ass and collected foreskins of his enemies as his wedding present. Similarly, those names may not mean much for those who are well versed about fictional characters such as Hamlet who talked with an archaic British accent starting with “Methinks…”

This essay is aimed to reduce the complexity of the debate on the most sensitive point of the controversy. I hope that this will bring the opposing parties in the controversy closer to each other. As the most delicious part of a sandwich is usually its middle, I argue that the truth of this matter is also somewhere in the middle. It is time to start a revolution in the evolution debate and smell the cheese inside the buns.

Let me remind the reader what this article is NOT about. This article is NOT rejecting the theory of evolution; to the contrary it supports the theory of evolution, and its position will not be effected a bit even if we accept that humans are descendants of chimpanzees. I am making this point clear since many pro-evolution zealots tend to demonstrate a knee-jerk reaction to the article without even understanding its argument. My statements regarding some weaknesses of the theory are not used as premises for the conclusion of my arguments, but only to inform the reader about some of the controversial issues between the parties. Even if you smell a bias in my depiction of these issues, even if you think that I am very wrong in those depictions, do not get distracted. Trash those side issues and convict me as “ignorant” or “biased” on them, and get to the main argument, which is:

Evolution of species through mutation and cumulative selection, as subscribed by the modern scientific community, provides sufficient evidences for the existence of immanent intelligent design in nature. The theory of evolution provides evidences about an intelligent designer more than a fingerprint on a canvass could provide clues about the identity of a human painter. Inferring the existence and some attributes of an intelligent designer from nature is as equally scientific as inferring the existence and some attributes of an unknown creature from its footprints left on the sand.

The Genesis

We all started our adventure on this planet as the tiny champions of a vital and brutal competition. Half of all our genetic material was once an individual sperm akin to a tadpole. Hopefully, the events immediately preceding our lives included some laughter and mutually affectionate kisses. After a day-long marathon in a tube not longer than a pen, starting from vagina through the cervix and uterus we finally met our other half and won the award for or condemnation to life. (I am aware that this individual genesis would be told in reverse order if the author of this essay were a woman: “Half of all of our genetic material was once individual eggs waiting…”) After reaching the eggs of the chosen female, as the champion sperms, most of us caused the eggs to close their entrances and condemned the other millions of our brothers to death. Whether we like it or not, we started as a selfish gene by causing the demise of millions of viable yet a bit slower or unlucky sperms like us. We are merely the children of murderers who call themselves victors throughout the history. We also started our lives by mass-murdering potential brothers. We are the children of Cane; we are the survivors of ferocious wars, both in macro and micro worlds.

Yes, after our organic rockets hit our organic planets, we became zygotes and we started the 266 daylong evolution, hopefully sans-mutations, in our mother’s belly. The approximately six billion bits of DNA program coded in the language of four bases or nucleotide, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thiamine create the three-pound jelly, the human brain, whose complexity is beyond our (or, ironically its own) immediate imagination.

There is evolution everywhere: in genes and organs; in stars and planets. Everything, from the smallest organisms to humans… As once a Greek named Heraclitus said, “Everything changes except change itself.” You may wish to exclude God, math, or universal laws from this universal statement, but you cannot deny this fact. The mutation of the flu viruses is a well-known fact. The germs are mutating and those that survive antibiotics are now causing a great concern for the health industry. This fact alone is sufficient evidence indicating to at least an intra species evolution.

Though the theory of evolution has produced a brilliant explanation for many questions regarding the origin and diversity of life on this planet, it has also failed in producing explanations for numerous questions. Furthermore, the theory arguably lacks some important characteristics of a good scientific theory since it is not falsifiable. Let’s listen to both sides:

–       Why did that animal not survive?

–       Because it did not fit the environment.

–       How do you know that it did not fit?

–       Because it did not survive. If they fit, they survive; if they survive they are fit!

–       What? If F then S or if S then F?

–       No, If F then S and if S then F.

–       Wow!

Let’s try another one:

–       Can you give me an example of a falsifiable claim regarding evolution?

–       Of course! For instance, when populations of bacteria A and B are exposed to low levels of toxic substance X, the fraction of the bacteria resistant to X will increase with time.

–       So what?

–       The experiment is run and the hypothesis correctly predicts the outcome for bacteria A, but not B. Success or failure for evolution?

–       Your hypothesis is not falsifiable as you claim.

–       Why?

–       Because it is circular and the word “low” is too subjective.

–       How?

–       It is circular since it is no more than saying “those who do not die because of their strength will survive.” If none survives, you can easily claim that there were no resistant bacteria. Second, the word “low” is not defined before the event in question. If none survives you will call it high, if some survive you will call it low. Furthermore, the predictive power of your statement regarding the bacteria is close to the predictive power of “Dear Nancy, you will give birth to either a boy or a girl.”

–       But, what about the Intelligent Design argument? Is it falsifiable?

–       No. For any of the ‘not-so-intelligent design’ examples you bring, the proponent might reject by saying, “In the past, people claimed similar things for this or that, and with time, when we got more information about their purpose and function we learned that they were indeed very intelligent designs. For instance, once scientists thought that the sharp hairs, awns, or bristles were useless and they tried to remove them from spikelets. Guess what? After obtaining grains without those pointy hairs, they learned to their dismay that those sharp appendages were protecting the grains from birds. So, we should investigate the reason behind apparent flaws.”

–       What about birth defects? Abnormal mutations?

–       The proponent of intelligent design might even accept flaws by saying, “Flaws are there to highlight design through contrast. Without the existence of flaws we could not know or appreciate design. The existence of a single example of an intelligent design is sufficient to show the existence of an intelligent designer.”

It is also argued that the theory of evolution does not have predictive power on specific events:

–       With the humans giving up from hunting in the jungles and turning to sedentary office workers, would this ecological change ultimately select the spherical nerds?

–       Spherical nerds?

–       Yes, brains with horizontally grown bodies!

–       It depends…

–       Will humans finally get wings?

–       It depends…

–       Will the thumbs of the descendants of my X-boxed son finally end up with fast and furiously big thumps the size of hot dogs?

–       It depends…

–       Will cats learn how to use remote control?

–       It depends…

–       Wow!

Some proponents of the theory of evolution argue that the theory of evolution demonstrates all the characteristics of a scientific theory. For instance, proving that dinosaurs and humans co-existed would falsify the theory. Even if the critics of the theory were right regarding their assertion on the falsifiability and predictive power of the theory, the theory of evolution is more scientific than the stories of creation believed by billions of people, since it provides a consistent, parsimonious, progressive and verifiable explanation regarding the diversity and complexity of life forms on this planet. My argument in this paper does not rely on this issue. Regardless of the value of the theory of evolution, I argue that the presence of intelligent design is self-evident.

Methinks it is Like a Blind Watch-watcher

To refute the Creationist’s argument of the impossibility of a monkey typing the work of Shakespeare, Richard Dawkins provides probability calculations of a random work on a computer using 26 alphabet letters and a space bar, totaling 27 characters. To randomly type Hamlet’s 28-character statement, METHINKS IT IS LIKE A WEASEL, it would take 27 to the power of 28 key strokes, which would be a very small odd, about 1 in 10,000 million million million million million million. Instead of single-step selection of random variation, Dawkins suggests us to program the computer to use cumulative selection. The computer generates some random 28 characters and selects the one that most resembles the target phrase, METHINKS…

“What matters is the difference between the time taken by cumulative selection, and the time which the same computer, working flat out at the same rate, would take to reach the target phrase if it were forced to use the other procedure of single-step selection: about a million million million million million years. This is more than a million million million times as long as the universe has so far existed. … Whereas the time taken for a computer working randomly but with the constraint of cumulative selection to perform the same task is of the same order as humans ordinarily can understand, between 11 seconds and the times it takes to have lunch… If evolutionary progress had had to rely on single-step selection, it would have never got anywhere. If, however, there was any way in which the necessary conditions for cumulative selection could have been set up by the blind forces of nature, strange and wonderful might have been the consequences. As a matter of fact that is exactly what happened on this planet, and we ourselves are among the most recent, if not the strangest and most wonderful, of those consequences.” (Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker, Norton, 1987, p.49).

Though he is a bright and articulate scientist, Dawkins takes too many facts and events for granted without even mentioning them: such as the number of characters, their proportion, the computer programmer and program that selects the right characters, the energy that accomplishes the work, the existence of characters, time and space, the continuity of their existence, etc. In the following page, Dawkins distinguishes his METHINKS example from the live evolutionary process.

“Evolution has no long-term goal. There is no long-distance target, no final perfection to serve as a criterion for selection, although human vanity cherishes the absurd notion that our species is the final goal of evolution. … The ‘watchmaker’ that is cumulative natural selection is blind to the future and has no long-term goal.” (Id, p.50).

Here Dawkins acknowledges that he added his intelligence and teleological intention by determining a target, criterion for selection. Thus, Dawkins takes for granted many facts and events, and gives an analogy of a computer program in which he interjects his intelligence, a target, and a selection criterion to explain something that according to him has none of them.

Dawkins who depicts human life as the work of a blind process has a much bigger problem: His theory and its conclusion do not have the light of reason. Let me explain with some analogies. If you now feel an urge to seek an immediate refuge in Hume, please be reminded that they are given to explain inferences to the best explanation. (I recommend Elliott Sober’s Philosophy of Biology, containing a brief yet sound criticism of Hume’s critique of analogies).

The Assembly Line, the Gullible and the Blind

Assume that we have constructed a completely automated assembly line that manufactures automobiles run on fuel-cells. It receives raw materials such as steel and plastic from one end, and after passing through an assembly line run by computers and robots, it spews out automobiles from the other end.

Now assume that we brought two members of a primitive tribe living in an isolated jungle and placed them in front of the exit door. When a car emerges from the exit door, you enter the car and start driving it. You then stop and watch the reaction of the two tribesmen. You see that the one on the right is awed by the moving beast and is thanking God for showing him a miracle by creating such a complex creature in a few seconds.

Let’s assume that the other tribesman on the left side is more curious and adventurous. He wonders about the whereabouts of the room behind the exit door. After some trials, he finds an opening somewhere and able to peek into the room. He sees some robots spraying paint on a car. He touches the paint and notices that it is liquid. After that observation, he comes back and shares what he saw with the believing man on the right. “The shiny stuff on this beast is not too thick. In fact, it was liquid before it was sprayed thinly over its solid skin.” But, what about the skin, what about the round circle that determines its direction, and what about the power that moves it? The curious man makes numerous trips, entering some other rooms of the assembly line compound, either by forging a key or luckily discovering a peephole… He learns that the raw materials are spilled in molds upon their arrival and the beast is gradually assembled from simple parts. For instance, the doors are attached by robotic hands through hinges. Though he is not able to access some rooms to explain some stages of the assembly line, he gets a good idea how from simple raw building blocks a complex and powerful beast called automobile could emerge. After getting some ideas about the modus operandi of the assembly line, the curious infers what could have happened in the rooms that he could not access. The believing man outside, who is still intoxicated in spiritual awe, is not impressed by the finding of the curious tribesman. He finds problem in the theory of the curious man since he is not able to explain some events in the assembly line. “You see, you cannot ignore the divine mystery and hand in the creation of this beast!”

The believing man declares that an Omniscient and Omnipotent Creator or an Intelligent Designer created the beast in a second or at worst case scenario in six seconds out of steel and plastic. The believing man goes further and declares his friend to be a heretic disbeliever deserving to burn in Hell forever. The curious man, on the other hand, declares that there is no God of gaps, nor an Intelligent Designer or Engineer, since he had seen none in those rooms. Besides, the curious man brags about his knowledge of most of the events in the evolution of the beast and declares that his friend is a delusional lunatic who deserves to be restricted from expressing his opinion on the evolution of the beasts, especially in public places and in front of children.

Why do most believers in God ignore empirical evidences in His creation, while on the other side, most of those who study the empirical evidences ignore intelligent inferences? Parties in the evolution controversy may see each other in these two characters, but perhaps none will identify himself with them. So, let me change my story. Instead of human characters, I will pick some marbles.

Marvels of Marbles

Now let’s entertain a thought experiment. We have a gigantic box full of millions of glass marbles. Marbles in different colors, different shapes and sizes… You are an eternal, infinitely patient and curious observer. The box is in a huge empty room and every minute it is tilted by a machine and the marbles are spilled over the clean and smooth surface of the empty floor. Let’s assume that you are not interested in the box, machines and the basic laws they follow. You are just interested in the adventure of marbles. Each time, marbles create a particular design randomly and they are filled back to the box to start over the process.

Assume that these events continue for billions of years, trillions of times, without generating anything categorically different. But, in one of the occasions, some of the marbles that were spread over the floor come together and join each other. They then start moving around as a group, slivering through other marbles. Then this gang of marbles start jumping and multiplying. Some even start talking to you. You now may imagine the rest of the story, the marvels of these marbles.

Given an infinite number of trials and years could these happen? If your answer is a “No” then why no? Because they are just made of glasses? What is the difference between glass of marbles and atoms? What is the difference between a cluster of glass marbles and molecules? Well, now you are ready to think on a question and find the answer that somehow eludes some of the brightest scientists. Now, you are ready to see the light of the Intelligent Design in everything, including evolution, including in evolution between species. Do you smell the cheese? Not yet.

The Genius in Hydrogen

Now let’s leave the marbles in their box and focus on the simplest atom, Hydrogen. You know that a hydrogen atom has one proton in its nucleus, one electron in its shell, and it does not contain a neutron. Though the structure of each atom is a very complex and precise design, they are somehow seen by the blind watch-watching evolutionists like children see marbles.

The masses of stars are mostly made of Hydrogen atoms. When two hydrogen atoms fuse together they release some energy and particles, and they “mutate” to a Helium atom, a different “species” in periodic table of elements. We know that Hydrogen and Helium atoms have different characteristics and they behave differently and associate with other atoms differently. When you put two pennies or marbles next to each other or fuse them together they do not act differently; they are still what they are. Their mass and gravitational force may increase, but that is it.

When two Hydrogen atoms fuse together, the information about Helium must have been innate or intrinsic in both of them. Since both Hydrogen atoms are the same, they must contain exactly the same information necessary to create the characteristics of Helium. The information might be triggered by the pressure of fusion. Each Hydrogen atom must contain particular information, since two Hydrogen atoms do not create any characteristics, but the particular characteristics of the atom we call Helium. Thus, Helium must be immanent in Hydrogen. Since Helium and Hydrogen fused together may create Lithium, then the information about Lithium too must be immanent in Hydrogen. In fact, based on the same reasoning, we must expect Hydrogen to contain all the information regarding the characteristics of each element in periodical table. It is the change in the quantity of protons that leads to qualitative change.

When two Hydrogen atoms associate with one Oxygen atom they create water, the essential ingredient of life as we know. However, when two Hydrogen atoms associate with two Oxygen atoms they create Hydrogen Peroxide, a powerful oxidizer that kills living organisms. Thus, the Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms must contain the information for both molecules. The information inherent in them must lead to Water when they are combined as H2O and must lead to Hydrogen Peroxide when they are combined as H2O2. Since we know that the information of Oxygen must be immanent in the Hydrogen, all this information must be contained in every Hydrogen atoms.

I hear the voice of my rocket-scientist friend opposing to my Hydrogen example. So, let’s side track a bit to deal with his voice. (If you are a prototype layman who thinks that rocket-scientists are a different species, then you may skip this section and go to the paragraph starting with “In sum, …”):

“So all of mathematics is immanent in 1 since the combination of 1 and 1 is 2, therefore the properties of 2 must be immanent in one. But also 3.141592654 is obtained by the spatial ordering of different combinations of 1, therefore 3.141592654 must be immanent in 1. I think there is something of a problem here. From 1 alone, one cannot intuit 2 or any other number except by application of rules which (in this example) can be somewhat arbitrary when applied to 1. Are all verbs immanent in the noun? These things are part of a larger context, perhaps indivisible from that context.”

What a wonderful refutation, isn’t it? My friend just explained the diversity of elements in the periodic table and their millions of off-springs in the nature, by reducing Hydrogen to our poor and ignorant number 1 which is oblivious of even numbers, prime numbers, perfect numbers, Fermat numbers, and infinite of other numbers begotten as a result of numerical polygamy among the clones of the number One! Interestingly, my scientist friend picked two of his examples from IMAGINARY world of human mind: math and human language. Though the language of nature is written in mathematics, as Galileo once articulated, it does not reflect the “properties” of numbers. Yes, “one odd number plus one odd” becomes an even number, but “one odd chair plus one odd chair” does not become “even chairs.” In other words, the property of numbers are not reflected in real world. The same is true for our grammar rules. (On this issue, I highly recommend the section in chapter about Pythagoras titled “Where is the Number 2?” in Lovers of Wisdom by Daniel Kolak.).

IN SUM, millions of organic and inorganic compounds, including the ones that yet to be discovered, with their distinct chemical and physical characteristics, must be the materialization of the information immanent in the tiniest building block of the universe, that is, Hydrogen. Going backwards, the same qualities must be imputed for the most fundamental subatomic particle. No wonder Heraclitus had brilliantly inferred that intrinsic law permeating the universe, and called it “logos.”

The first living cell was determined since the Bing Bang

Furthermore, when a particular combination of a particular set of elements in particular proportions generates the function we call life, the laws or rules of such an event must have existed before the event occurred. In other words, the laws and rules determining how a particular DNA sequence would behave must have preceded the actual occurrence of the event. Why should a particular configuration of particular molecules made of a particular combination of elements lead to a cell or a living organism? Who or what determined such a magical configuration? None, just chance? No, not a chance! No, not by a chance! Chance does not lead to laws. In fact, chance itself is subject to the laws of probability. The laws dominating the universe came into existence with the first moment of Big Bang. If you bet your entire wealth in a casino you will most likely lose it and you will deserve the title of “another mathematically challenged person” and you may even receive a silver medal in the next Darwin’s Award. But you can bet your entire wealth on a scientific prediction based on natural laws and you will most likely win.

It is because of the natural laws of cause and effect that scientists can employ reason and predict events. Mendeleyev knew that elements were not acting haphazardly, so he discovered the periodical table. Thus, it is irrelevant how many millions or billions of years passed before the first organism came into existence among random and chaotic chain of chemical and physical events. Starting from the first seconds of creation of material particles 13.7 billion years ago, the conditions and laws of life must have come into existence too. What scientists do is not inventing, they merely discover. Scientists do not invent laws of physics or chemistry; they learn those laws bit by bit, after tedious experimentation, and based on the information they acquired they put together the pieces of Legos. The characteristics of each newly discovered shape was coded in their nature since the beginning of the universe.

Thus, when a blind watch-watcher refers to the age of the world and its size to explain the marvels of blind cumulative selection, we should not be blindly accepting his argument. The information or laws of life existed billions years even before the emergence of life. So, we should demand an explanation regarding the a priori information of creating the design of living organisms. Ken Harding, in an article entitled, “Evolution for Beginners,” articulates the role of information encoded in genes:

“One of the most common misunderstandings regards “information”. The difference between living and non-living things is that living things have information embedded in them which is used to produce themselves. Rocks contain no instructions on how to be rocks; a fly contains information on how to be a fly.

“Information is not a thing. It, like an idea, is dimensionless. It’s simply a comparison between one thing and another, like a list of differences. Information is not a physical property. Information becomes tangible only when it is encoded in sequences of symbols: zeros and ones, letters and spaces, dots and dashes, musical notes, etc. These sequences must then be decoded in order to be useful. For information to be stored or transmitted, it must be put into some physical form- on paper, computer disk, or in DNA- all processes that take energy.

“Life’s information (the instructions on how it works) is encoded in genes, which are decoded by biological mechanisms. Then these mechanisms manufacture parts that work together to make a living organism. Like a computer that builds itself, the process follows a loop: information needs machinery, which needs information, which needs machinery, which needs information.  This relationship can start very simply, and then over many generations build into something so complicated that some people can’t imagine how it ever could have gotten started in the first place. It is important to recognize that the information encoded in DNA is not like a blueprint, which contains a scale model image of the final product, it is like a recipe– a set of instructions to be followed in a certain order. Life’s complexity arises from remarkable simplicity. DNA’s message says, “Take this, add this, then add this… stop here. Take this, then add this…” These actions are carried out by a variety of proteins. The result is all the intricacy and diversity of the biological realm.

http://www.evolution.mbdojo.com/evolution-for-beginners.html

The issue, however, gets even more interesting. Not only living organisms, but their products too must be the consequence of “blind” evolution.

Just take the beginning of the universe and our modern world. Do not let anyone distract you by the events occurred in between. How can our modern world together with everything in it be the product of a big chaotic explosion? How can such an explosion create the libraries, computer programs and all cars on our streets, in less than 14 billion years? Now, the blind watch-watchers want us to believe that all the books in the Library of Congress, including all the data in our computers, our inventions and technological marvels, yes all of them are the result of marriage between Mr. Drunk Chaos who is unpredictable and Mrs. Blind Evolution who works according to the principle of cumulative selection. If the laws of the universe are deterministic, then the immense amount of information and design permeating our libraries, factories and stores must also be the necessary product of the Big Bang. Not only the initial conditions of the universe had the potential for all the subsequent things at the very start, following deterministic laws they were bound to create human intelligence and leading to landing on the Moon and the I-pod. Even a small fraction of products designed by human intelligence cannot fit in a trillion year-old universe, let alone one that aged 13.7 billion years-old, via probability calculations. Nor can they be explained by “random (or not random) mutation” and “cumulative selection.”

I hear the voice of my rocket scientist friend, again. I cannot ignore that melodious voice. Let’s all listen to it:

“Rather than close the door on the question, wouldn’t it be fun to try and figure it out by trying to understand how things work? Could a religious person approach the universe with an open mind and, regardless of the processes they work to slowly identify and better understand, consider the effort a joy and giving of glory? Or does God need to be put into a box where the outcomes of all such investigations are predetermined by those who find a more limited deity more palatable?”

I do not feel compelled to respond to these rhetorical questions, since I do not have a problem with accepting mysteries. I myself am a mystery. But, I would like to remind my friend that I have no intention to put God in a box. I saw a box and I said that it must have been created by a box-maker. I never claimed that the box-maker was in the box, nor that he/she/it was limited with only making boxes. In fact, I would expect that the box-maker is capable of making cylinders, spheres and many other shapes and things beyond my poor perception and imagination.

Our blind watch-watchers would like us to accept the emergence of human intelligence and its products as a magical moment, as a miracle. A miracle that terminates the application of deterministic laws and guarantees for all its products the immunity from the probability calculations! Because of that miracle or magic, we are asked not to include the probability of authoring millions of books, articles, computer programs, websites, movies, machines, electronic devices, and everything in the Wal-Mart into our equation. The “anything but God” crowd may even talk in quantum language to de-emphasize the deterministic nature of the universe.

All those “Anything but God” people, in fact, believe in many gods!

Ironically, the blind watch-watchers are proud in declaring their disbelief in God or the irrelevancy of God, while they are fanatic believers in infinite number of gods. They are polytheists. Every atom contains all the information necessary for life! Whatever believers in God attribute to the Creator, the blind watch-watchers attribute to atoms, matter, or energy. Though they are proud of depicting their gods as “random,” “blind” or “stupid,” after some interrogations we learn that is not to be the case. Just replace the word God with the word matter, energy or nature and you will have the tenets of faith of blind watch-watchers.

  • · God is the first cause.
  • · God is eternal.
  • · God is the source of information.
  • · God created everything.
  • · God created life.

Accepting a God that is not bound by the laws of this universe is much simpler and reasonable than accepting all atoms having all the attributes of a deistic God, and again much coherent than creating our modern world, together with human intelligence and this article, out of their blind and stupid collisions. I prefer believing in the creation of rabbits popping up from a magician’s hat, than a universe coming out of nothing and then blindly creating this planet and the intelligent life on it. So, I assert that if Occam’s Razor is sharp for every argument, then it must first shave off the idea of stupid atoms coming into existence out of nothing and billions years later, several billions of them blindly evolving and transforming into Dawkins’ mind.

Some atheists might resort to a false argument by pointing at their “undetectable Purple Cow in the sky.” Yes, it is a funny example, but far from being persuasive. They craftily wish to equate the argument for an Intelligent Designer to a Purple Cow. This is a cheap rhetoric, since being Purple or a Cow or both has nothing to do with our argument. The presence of design and laws indicates an Intelligent Designer. As an ontological imperative, it is an independent concept, unencumbered by the descriptions suggested by various religions. Equating a reasonable cause-effect inference to inferring a Purple Cow from the sky is a sign of excellent imagination. My eyes are not that good to notice the images of Purple Cows producing manure while somersaulting and wagging their tails, nor the images of Orange Atheist Cowboys dancing in the sky holding tight their horns and mammary glands, but, I can see the intelligence and design in every atom, in every molecule, in every organism of this universe. Besides, they are detectable.

We understand why the majority of religious people tend to have problem with science and philosophical inquiry. But, why have many scientists become “anything but God” fanatics? It might be because of the ridiculous claims and arguments of religious zealots who oppose the theory of evolution in the name of God. Atheists have not taken even a small step to answer the fundamental questions related to the issue. What is the cause of the universe or singularity? There is a particular amount of mass in the universe, let’s say, N amount; why is it N amount, not more not less? Who or what determined the exact amount of mass or the exact number of atoms/particles/energy in the universe? (We would not have this question, of course, if the entire universe was homogenous). How is the probability of the existence of a universe with fine tuned constants essential to life? Did our universe have infinite time? Are there infinite universes? Is infinity really pregnant to all possibilities? Why is there something rather than nothing? Why is the universe governed by laws? Why do the biological organisms have propensity to mutate? They might believe that answers for these questions are not in the domain of science. Then, how can they claim that the universe and evolution of living beings, from the structure of atoms to the structure of brain and its products, does not need God?

I should again share with you the voice of my scientist friend:

“Actually there are many scientists pondering these questions (but the last), and many or some may be atheists. Does it matter? If an atheist drives a car, does that mean the believer should not? With regards to the last question, are believers afraid that not needing God in the theories formulated to try to explain observations of life and the universe will prove there is no God? I think that is the fear of many anti-evolutionists. It exposes the weakness of their own faith, that they need compelling external evidence that God must exist.”

Well said. But, I do not think that it applies to me and many other “rational monotheists,” since my acceptance of God is not based on “faith,” a euphemism for “joining the band wagon” or “wishful thinking.” My acceptance or knowledge of God is based on numerous scientific evidences and philosophical inferences, which I am hoping to share with others in a book titled, “19 Questions for Atheists.”

We might be able to duplicate or copy life in the bio-world, but we have not yet been able to imitate the full capabilities of biological assembly line in our technology. We have not yet seen any computer giving birth to other computers. Perhaps, with the progress of our production technology, we may witness it in the future. Assume that a scientist discovered a method for evolving computers or gadgets that could multiply by RANDOM MUTATIONS and CUMULATIVE SELECTION. Wouldn’t this SIMPLE task be INCREDIBLY INGENUINE? What if “nature” had created inorganic materials with such a quality? Would you consider such a “creation” lacking intelligent design? Or would you just say that the “the evolving and multiplying computers by random mutations negate God’s intelligence and involvement in the creation process completely”? What about your intelligence? Aren’t you a product of nature? How come an intelligent person like you was generated by a dumb and stupid process?

Intelligent design is in every moment and point of evolution (71). There is an intelligent power and wisdom that designs incredibly simple assembly lines that can manufacture incredibly complex organisms and creatures, including the intelligent watch-watchers and blind watch-watchers. The signature of the Intelligent Designer in the book of nature is paradoxically as obvious as the number 19 in 74, and as concealed as the number 19 in 74.

Let me give one more chance to the voice of my scientist friend:

“Perhaps the signature is found in our perception of beauty of how things work? Don’t know about the numerological references – I think most audiences might scratch their heads and wonder what was up with that?”

Yes, indeed. Let those audiences keep scratching their heads. Who knows, if they are curious enough they will smell the beef after tasting the cheese and learn what was up and down with my numerological references. After all, “On it is nineteen!”

PS:

A delusional cult leader from my country of birth is doing a great disservice to Islam by copying and promoting the works of Evangelical Christians and Discovery Institute. The theory of evolution is supported by many verses of the Quran as I discussed in the endnotes of the Quran: a Reformist Translation. (For instance, see: 15:28-29; 24:45; 32:7-9; 71:14-7)

In fact, the theory was first promoted by Muslim scientists. My colleague Dr. T. O. Shanavas, in his book, Islamic Theory of Evolution: the Missing Link between Darwin and the Origin of Species, provides references from the works of major Muslim scientists such as Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Muhammad Al-Razi, Ibn Khaldun, Abu Bakr bin Tufayl, Muhammad al-Haytham (Alhazen), Al-Biruni, and provides substantial evidence that Darwin got his inspiration from them through his father Erasmus Darwin. In fact, Darwin’s contemporary opponents accused him being influenced by “Barbarian Muhammadans.”

It is travesty that today Muslims have regressed so much they are now peddling pseudo science against God’s system in creation.

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Letter to Signs Magazine

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“. . . Indeed, we believe in the message he brought” (7:75)

Edip Yuksel (1995)

Editor of Signs, peace be on you.

I was very happy to see the Signs magazine promoting the message of the Quran alone. However, the third issue was a surprise. You have dedicated most of the pages of the magazine to attacking Dr. Rashad Khalifa, a monotheist believer. Though I do appreciate some points you raise, I find your evaluation of Rashad’s work biased.

Personally, I consider myself lucky to have met Rashad and assisted him in Masjid Tucson. I was a Sunni political activist and author advocating Sunni Islam in books published in Turkey before 1986. I was tortured and imprisoned for four years because of my articles in magazines calling for an Islamic revolution in Turkey.  After a year long correspondence and debate with Rashad I came to the conclusion that the Quran is the only source of guidance. It was no surprise that my acceptance of the Quran alone brought excommunication, attacks from religious media and death threats from my previous readers.

I believe that Rashad Khalifa was a messenger of God. If you ask why do I believe, I can list quite a few reasons. However, I prefer to repeat the answer of the believers who supported Salih: “indeed, we believe in the message he brought.” Rashad is now with his Lord, and he is dead as far as we are concerned. He will be judged by God Almighty on the Day of Judgment, when every one of us, including all the messengers will worry about their own neck (21:28). Rashad IS no longer a messenger. The Quran is a living and talking messenger until the Last Hour. Therefore, I’ll stick with the Quran alone, inshaallah. I hope you will receive this letter with empathy, not with paranoid theories of “conspiracies.”

To make it convenient for the readers to follow the argument, each point is numbered. May God guide us to the truth, since The Truth is one of the attributes of God. I’m willing to dismiss any part of my argument if you enlighten me with sufficient reason and evidence from the Quran, inshaallah. May God give us the patience to understand and tolerate each other. We may not be able to agree on every issue; however, we should be extremely careful about labeling or condemning each other.

Rashad was a fallible human messenger

1. Rashad never claimed to be infallible, nor did he claim that his translation, with parentheses, footnotes and appendices is a revelation, since he never doubted that the Quran is the last book revealed to the last prophet. However, I agree with him that his translation is authorized by God for its clear emphasis on worshipping God alone and not adding any other sources (including Rashad’s) to God’s word, which is perfect and fully detailed. Rashad was a student of the Quran, trying to purify his mind from the atmospherics of his traditional past that was preventing him from getting the clear broadcasting of the divine message. He was usually humble in acknowledging his errors. For instance, he encouraged us to edit and discuss his second revision of his translation verse by verse.  During this intense consultation period we had numerous discussions. We continuously learned from each other according to God’s will. During that period, he was persuaded to correct some of the mistakes of the first edition. For instance: 2:106; 3:97*; 7:75; 11:87; 11:88; 12:88; 18:83; 21:96; 21:112; 24:35; 27:42; 37:63; 38:44; 39:6; 43:61; 56:79; 72:7; 72:18; 74:31; 96:2.

Later, when he re-revised his translation, he continued correcting his errors. For instance, 4:176!; 6:74*; 12:88; 18:83; 30:3; 38:59; 95:5!, etc.

Briefly stated, he never claimed to be infallible. The three revised editions of his translations are blatant witnesses to the fact that he was in a continual learning process and open-minded to reasonable criticism. If he were alive, he would surely make many corrections in his third revision. In fact, it is the experience and fate of all translators. Every time I edit my Turkish translation of the Quran which has been in my computer since 1990, I find errors caused by insufficient information, imperfect attention, shortcomings, linguistic problems and unintentional mistakes. Nevertheless, I still believe that my translation will deliver the message, inshaallah. Thank God we have the original Quran that we can refer to anytime we have a question. It would be an unfortunate repetition of history if one day some of those who responded to Rashad’s call to worship God alone claim that Rashad’s translation, Quran: The Final Testament, is “the English Version of the Quran,” or is “the ultimate English translation of the Quran,” or “a revelation from God.” I do see signs pointing to this constant human tendency: hero-worship.

All messengers were fallible humans for a good reason

2. All previous messengers were humans, not angels. During their mission they lived like their contemporary fellows. They made mistakes, sometimes grave ones. Those mistakes, paradoxically, functioned as a blessing for believers, and an excuse for disbelievers and a test for hypocrite idol worshipers: believers would focus on God alone and stop idolizing messengers, while disbelievers would use those weaknesses and mistakes as an excuse for their disbelief, and idol worshipers would claim the infallibility of the messenger and try to defend the evident human errors and attribute them to The Most Wise.

Please imagine that you are dwelling in Madina during Muhammad’s time. He has some friends and many enemies. You hear conflicting news from people about his personality and his message. Meanwhile, you witness some of his weaknesses and shortcomings. For instance, you see him trying to hide his intention or revelation from people regarding the estranged wife of his adopted son (33:37), you hear him favoring a rich person and ignoring a poor blind man (80:1-11), you see him rushing into speculating on some verses without sufficient knowledge (20:114; 75:16-19), you experience the “devil’s interference” in his wishes followed by a great communal chaos and feud (22:52-55), you witness his tendency of trying to compromise with his categorical enemies (17:74), etc. What would you do? Obviously, you could react in three ways. You could either dismiss his claim of messengership, or accept him as a human messenger, or idolize him as an infallible messenger and interpret those errors and shortcomings as virtue.

I believe that if you use the same standard of criticism you will not dwell on some human errors and weaknesses on the part of Rashad Khalifa. You can appreciate many positive things if you can overcome your prejudices. Please compare Rashad’s translation with other translations regarding the following verses: 2:1; 2:26; 2:54; 2:106; 2:171; 2:222; 2:224; 3:7; 7:157; 8:35; 10:1; 15:87; 16:44; 17:46; 20:15; 21:87; 22:15; 24:31; 25:5; 33:56; 38:44; 43:61; 56:79; 61:6; 74:29-35.

Rashad did not receive a book; he advocated Quran alone

3. The footnotes, subtitles and appendices of Rashad’s translation, “Quran the Final Testament,” are not revelations besides the Quran, but his personal understanding that is subject to human filtration, misunderstanding, interpretation and speculations. He advocated the Quran alone; the Arabic and mathematically coded book revealed to Muhammad, containing 114 chapter and 6346 verses including all Basmalahs.

Unfortunately, there are now some who consider his translation infallible, and accept the footnotes, subtitles, and appendices as the second source besides the Quran. To justify their new source, they frequently refer to the mistranslated verse 49:1. For instance, they prefer “consensus” of Appendix 36 to “consultation” of 42:38. To me, those people are no different than the pioneer Mohammedans. They are not helping Rashad by sanctifying the obvious mistakes in his translation. Just two simple examples: To the criticism regarding the subtitle of verse 2:172, which reads “Only Four Meats Prohibited,” one of his companions tried to defend the error by claiming that “blood is meat.” Rashad’s unintentional error was transformed to a bizarre assertion by his gullible defender.

Another example–which is prevalent in all translations–is the result of translating two different words by a single word thinking that they are synonymous. These kinds of errors are difficult to avoid, since it is sometimes impossible to find one-to-one correspondence in lexicon of languages. For instance, by translating the two slightly different words, “Qaryah” and “Ummah,” with a single word, “community,” Rashad created a contradiction between verse 25:51 and 35:24 unintentionally. Rashad’s translation, I believe, will guide the sincere seekers of the truth, and simultaneously it will misguide those who consider or expect him to be infallible. Indeed, it is the nature of the infallible original Quran to guide and misguide people depending on their innermost intentions (17:82; 3:7).

For those who claim the infallibility of Dr. Khalifa, I would like to give a sample of verses that I think carry some minor or important translational problems: 2:114; 2:233; 2:275*; 2:282*; 4:34&*; 4:79*; 7:157; 7:193; 8:64; 10:34!; 11:54; 11:87; 12:37; 14:4; 16:75*; 18:16*; 19:26!; 20:96&*; 20:114; 21:96*; 21:90* x 21:73; 25:30*; 29:12 x 29:13; 32:5!; 34:41; 35:24 x 25:51; 43:11 x 41:12*; 43:36*; 47:11 x 42:15; 49:1 x 38:26&7:3;  56:83-85; 65:12* x 42:29; 73:15!; 75:27; 75:31?; 87:6 (Asterisks are for footnotes and/or subtitles, exclamation marks for missing phrases, and “x” for contradictions.)

No one can represent God

4. The language of the article titled ‘Khalifa’ Satan, a temporary god on Earth? was distasteful, at best. Nevertheless, I agree that the idea “Satan: A Temporary ‘god’” is problematic. It may contradict 43:45; 8:17; 3:189; 5:120; 36:83, if it is taken literally. Knowing Rashad and being familiar with his work, I believe that he did not intend the literal meaning of “god.” He tried to convey his intention by putting it in quotation marks. Personally, I think that Adam is more suitable to be “Khalifa” (a ruler) in the context of verse 2:30, and the entire Quran, since the word “Khalifa” is consistently used for humans. But, it is still possible to understand the “Khalifa” of 2:30 as Satan, meaning “a ruler.” To support this understanding one can refer to 7:15, 143; 15:8,38, 42; 36:60; 16:99; 82:19, etc.

I agree with the author of the article that the traditional translation of the word “Khalifa” in 2:30, that is, “representative,” is wrong. I applaud his statement that “the concept of ‘representative’ is the invention of self-interested individuals who wanted to exploit people in the garb of ‘God’s vicegerency.’” If we want to be fair to Rashad’s translation, however, then there is a problem with the criticism. If by the word “representative,” the translator (Rashad), meant “the one who acts on behalf of God” then the criticism is right to the point. However, Rashad could not have meant that, since he used the word “representative” of 2:30 to refer to Satan, the enemy of God. Obviously, Satan cannot be both God’s enemy and His representative! It seems that Rashad’s translation has a major language problem in this particular verse.

The Mathematical Miracle

5. I am really surprised about your apathetic attitude regarding the assessment of the 19, as the code of the mathematical system of the Quran. I don’t think that you really need the confirmation of any “recognized authority” to understand and appreciate the mathematical system of the Quran, which is very simple to understand and easy to examine. All you need is a basic knowledge or intuition of mathematics and the will to dedicate some time to verify the count by yourself. You can reduce the amount of time needed for sufficient examination by dividing your friends into groups and comparing their results. Also you can use Fuad Abdulbaqi’s Index of the Quran to verify the count of words. I did this when I was in prison. With the help of 15 inmates I confirmed most of the counts of letters. This manual examination was more than enough to convince me that the Quran had a superhuman mathematical structure embedded in its natural language. You can do a similar examination, since you have the time and resources to publish an international magazine.

Here, I want to add that I do not agree with all of the calculations presented in Rashad’s translation and Muslim Perspective. Some of them have no mathematical significance. It is easy to dismiss them with the laws of probability. I often witness manipulations of numbers and speculations made by the members of my community. For instance, some of them claimed that a huge asteroid would hit Saudi Arabia on May 19, 1990 to fulfill the prophecy of  Smoke in 44:10. With an odd blend of sincerity, arrogance and ignorance they attributed this doomsday “prophecy” to God Almighty.

Their lack of basic knowledge and intuition of mathematics led them to this embarrassing and dangerous claim. They produced many pieces of so-called mathematical evidence collectively. Unfortunately, some of them were published in the Muslim Perspective despite a strong opposition from some of us. The same group who produced or esteemed all those manipulations are still peddling their new discoveries of “miracles.” Furthermore, some of the members of this doomsday gang are working constantly to carve an idol of Rashad! Nevertheless, this should not be an excuse for intelligent people to undermine the great mathematical miracle of the Quran. You can easily distinguish diamonds from pieces of glass, if you don’t close your mind.

How long does it take to examine one word?

6. You ask “Another conspicuous discrepancy worthy of note is that in the early translation in appendix 1 under the title of ‘simple facts,’ the word ‘God’ is noted as having a count of 2,698 (19×142). In the later translation the count is also given as 2,698. But the two verses of Sura 9, one with the word ‘God,’ have been eliminated. How can the total remain the same?” You continue, “. . . It can be assumed that other calculations may also be wrong, but it is not within the scope of Signature Publications to carry out the necessary research.”

It will take less than 45 hours if you spend 60 seconds to check each word God. Let’s be more generous and make it 90 hours. If you have 9 people (that will make three groups of three individuals) on your editorial board, you can independently examine each word three times in 30 hours. This is the slowest way of examining this crucial part of the “mathematical code” of the Quran, which according to your magazine is part of an impressive conspiracy against the Quran. You could reduce the needed time to less than one hour by comparing Rashad’s results with Abdulbaqi’s Index. Therefore, I believe that this job was well within the “scope” of your magazine before publishing this article. It is embarrassing for the students of the Quran not to know the frequency of the word “Allah” in the Quran during the last two decades! Please forget Rashad’s errors (which are more even than you have noticed), just consult the Quran in your hand. I bet you will find its frequency is 2,699 in numbered verses, if your Quran has the “two extra verses” at the end of chapter Nine.

7.  Regarding the mathematical structure of the Quran, I urge you to be open minded. By your initial bias, you may disqualify yourself from seeing the great miracle of the Quran that is mentioned in Chapter 74. If you close one of your eyes you cannot see the 3-D pictures that others can see. I have discussed this issue briefly in the last argument of “19 Questions For Muslim Scholars.” I would like to hear your answers to my questions at the end of that argument.

Age of forty

8. Our “eccentric” belief regarding the age of 40 is an inference based on verse 46:15. Does age 40 bring an extra responsibility? Is it different from age 39 or 41 when guidance and righteousness are involved? Obviously, God distinguishes age 40 and indicates its importance as a crucial time for repentance. If repentance has any role in determining a person’s situation in hereafter, then, why should it be “wishful thinking” to believe that The Most Merciful, The Forgiver will not punish a person who did not reach the age when repentance is strongly advised?

You refer to 4:48 “God does not forgive idolatry . . .” and ask the question, “What about the those who idolize others beside God? Would all their sins also be absolved? Or would they be subject to certain qualifications?” After quoting the verse you conclude, “The Quran says nothing about all sins being forgiven for those under forty.” If you take the Quran as a whole, you will see exceptions to the rule stated in other verses. For instance, if a person after practicing idolatry repents and practices righteousness, then God will forgive that person’s previous sins. Obviously, this exception, that is repentance, is not stated in verse 4:48. Therefore, why do you not consider 46:15 bringing another exception, that is, age?

9. Do you really think that an 11 year-old person who goes to Church with his parents and worships Jesus willingly will go to hell forever if he dies before his 12th birthday? What about a child of 12, or 13, or 14, or 15, and so on and so forth? If you tell me that age is not important, the person’s capacity and qualifications are important, then you should define those qualifications.

You may say that you don’t need to know at what age a person is supposed to be eternally responsible. Well, we will respect this position and expect you to respect others who happened to know that age by inference from a Quranic verse. Your lack of desire to understand something should not lead you to blame those who inquire.

A Muslim Jew, A Muslim Christian, A Muslim X

10. I agree with you that a Hindu cannot be considered righteous according to the Quran if he or she continues to believe in a cast system. However, I see there are some problems if we claim that a person cannot be considered a Muslim if he doesn’t follow the Quranic laws. (I’m not sure whether you meant this or not.)

Verse 5:44 describes the Jewish prophets who ruled according to Torah as Muslims. The verse ends with the phrase “Those who do not rule in accordance with God’s revelations are the disbelievers.” Then, verse 47 of the same chapter reads, “The people of the Gospel shall rule in accordance with God’s revelations therein. Those who do not rule in accordance with God’s revelations are the wicked.” Verse 48, after ordering Prophet Muhammad to rule among them according to the Quran, states a divine fact, “For each of you, we have decreed laws and different rites. Had God willed, He could have made you one congregation. But He thus puts you to the test through the revelations. You shall compete in righteousness.”

From these five verses we can derive the following points:

1. Ruling in accordance with the Torah or the Bible was a righteous act.

2. Muhammad’s contemporary Jews and Christians were ordered to rule according to their own scripture.

3. There are differences among the laws and rites of those scriptures.

4. Each community should follow their own book consistently, without abusing or distorting the law therein.

5. Muhammad and his followers should rule according to the Quran alone.

If the above conclusions are correct then the following or similar questions will be worthy of research: If a Jew does not eat the fat of any animal on the basis of the Torah, can we claim that he is an idol worshiper by referring to 6:145?

Therefore, considering the verses mentioned above, a person can be considered a Muslim Jew or a Muslim Christian, or  a Muslim X, since the word Muslim means Submitter. However, I see the difficulty in details.

“Community of Rashad”?

11. The articles published in Submitters Perspective (SP) don’t reflect the view of all the members, and does not publish all the submitted articles. None of the members is taking it as a source of guidance. (That is one of the reasons I’m still writing there!). We don’t have Pope, nor do we have his official bulletin. I believe (and hope) that the majority of this little community is still alert against the idolization of Rashad. Therefore, please don’t accuse all members of this community based on a particular article written by an individual.

I read the article that you were referring to labeling us as the “Community of Rashad.” I found the expression exactly as you have quoted. But, the author was not using the “community of Rashad” to describe her community. Obviously, you had taken the odd expression out of context while rushing to find a label for us. If you read it again you will see that she was using that expression in the same way as the “community of Noah, community of Lot, etc,” is used in the Quran. Briefly, she was referring to the disbelievers, not believers with the “community of Rashad.”

I would like to remind you that we are trying our best not to be the “Community of Rashad.”  Inshallah we will always be able to say, “We are God’s supporters.” (61:14)

ADDENDUM: Unfortunately, the cult who managed to carve a new idol out of Rashad has infected the Submitters, of which I was affiliated. One or two years after writing this article, the cult could not tolerate my presence among them. Though there are still many monotheists among Submitters, the voice of the cult is getting louder with time and the size of their idol is getting bigger and bigger. This is a modern version of the old habits of humanity: Idolizing their religious and political leaders and heroes! I invite anthropologists and sociologists to study the rapid mutation of this group from uncompromising monotheism to polytheism. This will explain the incredible mutation of Monotheist Peacemakers after Jesus, or after Muhammad and any other messengers of monotheistic peacemaking.

The two false verses

12. As far as 9:128-129. . . From 1974 (when the miraculous function of number 19 of chapter 74 was discovered), until 1985 (when the two false verses were exposed), for eleven years, no one knew that Rashad’s computer data was one short regarding the frequency of the word God. Both the proponents and opponents of the miracle did not notice this crucial error for more than a decade. Why? Because, the most popular and accurate index of the Quran, Al-Mujamul Mufahras Lielfazil Quranil Kariym, had the same count 2698, when you add the one missing. (The index accepts the Fatiha’s Basmalah as the first verse of the Quran, but fails to mention it in the list of the word “Allah”)

If I had noticed the error in the beginning, I would, most likely, never have had the courage, or interest in studying the mathematical structure of the Quran. I would have refuted it outright and labeled it as a blasphemy of numerology. The miracle of the Quran would have been stillborn in the first days of its discovery. No one would have considered it worthy of examination. Even Rashad himself, then a traditional Muslim, most likely would not have accepted it under those circumstances. We strongly believe that God Almighty deliberately delayed this important problem for a simple reason: to publicize the miracle of the Quran, and give the Muslim world a chance and time to study it. After everyone got a good idea what 19 was all about, God let us discover the error. Everyone was put to the test: either follow the testimony of the Quran, or the testimony of your parents and the majority of people. Those who strengthened their faith according to the prophecy of 74:31 chose the testimony and signs of God, those who followed their parents and peers rejected the testimony and signs of God. This process, I believe, was a fulfillment of 6:158 and 3:179.

13. Please note the emphasize on “We” in verse 15:9: “We, indeed We, yes We have revealed the Zikr (reminder), and We will preserve it.” I don’t remember such an emphasis anywhere else in the Quran. The short verse refers to God Almighty four times in regard of preserving His book. What does that mean? To me, the message is obvious: it is not you (people) who will preserve the Zikr, it is God who will preserve it. Please note, the relation between the revelation and preservation in the verse. What is more appropriate than looking for a relation between the revelation and its protection? Is it possible that the revelation contains an automatic protection? How does God preserve the Zikr? Obviously, with its own revelation. How do we know, or what is the proof? We know this through the Zikra (74:31), which is “Nineteen” (74:30) and “One of the greatest” (74:37). Zikra (74:31) is the virus protection of the Zikr and it is encoded in it in a miraculous way. Don’t you feel the allusion between Zikr and Zikra? “Sad, and the Quran that contains the Zikr. Those who disbelieve have plunged into arrogance and defiance” (38:1).

14. You can see many ancient documents, tablets and books in museums and special sections of libraries. They are preserved by human effort and technology for hundreds and even thousands of years. If the preservation of the Quran was similar to this “normal” and “ordinary” human affair, then, why should God emphasize Himself and give the impression that the preservation of the Quran is a “divine” and “unique” feature? It is not necessarily a divine merit for a book to be preserved by its zealot followers. For instance, Bukhari is a document which has been well-preserved for approximately 12 centuries.

15. After we have seen the Satanic nature of hadith and sectarian jurisprudence produced by our great ancestors and respected ulama, how can you expect us to trust them as the preservers of the Quran? According to your argument we have to rely on the history of Muslims to be convinced that the Quran is well preserved. Well, that history itself is written by those people who you claim to be the biggest liars on earth. When we look at their history regarding the Quran, it creates more doubt than it erases.  According to that history, the argument regarding extra verses started just after prophet’s death, not 19 or so years later.

What is your answer if one asks you the following question: You refer to the history (books) written by Muslims and claim that thousands of believers memorized the Quran that we have today. According to the history that you refer to, the Quran was not compiled in a book during the time of prophet Muhammad. Any claim  by a Muslim (?) would be accepted if they could produce the second witness. In fact, some of the verses were accepted even without the second witness. There are hundreds of arguments regarding the Quran during the reign of the first four Caliphs. It is a historical fact (accepted by both Sunnis and Shiites) that Marwan burned the original Manuscript in order to stop the accelerating arguments over the Quran, which provides the best explanation for the disappearance of Muhammad’s manuscript. What if then, the corrupt leaders of the Umayyad Caliphate officially accepted and added verses 9:128-129 to the manuscripts since they were accepted by many people? What if the opponents were oppressed and forced to hide their opposition? What if Shiite’s underground claim regarding the distortion of the Quran is an exaggerated continuation of the early reaction against the original distortion?

If x million of them could agree on the authenticity of Bukhari, then it is possible that 2x million of them could agree on the authenticity of the Quran. If millions of Shiite could insert Ali’s name in the Azhan, then it is possible that millions of Muslims could insert Muhammad’s name in the Azhan. (Ironically, hadith books confirm this claim by narrating Azhan containing 19 words.) If millions of Christians can believe that their Bible is preserved by ignoring Nicene Conference and important textual problems, then it is possible that millions of Muslims could believe that their Quran is preserved by ignoring the early arguments, Marwan, and narrated textual conflicts. Obviously, there are differences in the degree, but not in the nature of the thing.

16. Now there are thousands of copies of the original Quran that do not contain 9:128-129 are circulated and read all around the world. Does this version of the Quran refute the divine promise in verse 15:9? If your answer will start, “No, the distortion made by a community of diverted people does not refute the verse, because. . . . “, then our answer will also start, “No, the distortion made by idol worshipers after prophet Muhammad centuries ago does not refute the verse, because. . . . ”  What is the difference between these two cases? If you resort to the number of years or the number of followers, then we resort to the number 19, which is a Zikra, a divine warning for human race. Additionally, we remind you of verse 5:100.

17. The Quran is in the heart of those who are blessed with knowledge (29:49). It is a numerically structured book (Kitabun Marqum) which is witnessed by those close to God (83:20,21), and not recognized by the rejecters  (83:9,10). Even if idol worshipers add “verses” to the Quran, those who “have received knowledge” will be able to recognize God’s revelation.

If you add or amalgamate a cheap element, say copper, to a golden ring, an expert who knows the property of the prime element gold, will be able to expose the counterfeit. The expert does not need to rely on the testimony of sellers who bring the gold to him. He will rely on the infallible testimony of the gold itself. He will test and examine the physical properties of the matter and make his decision. Similarly, a believer who is blessed by God to know the mathematical structure of the Quran, which is based on the prime number nineteen, can easily distinguish the false from the genuine. In this sense, both the golden ring and the Quran are preserved from any falsehood. This is why The Most High emphasizes Himself in preserving the Quran. The preservation of the Quran is unique and extraordinary! It shares this feature with God’s signs (ayaat) in the nature! Praise be to God, the Possessor of Infinite Bounties.

18. The validity of a negative statement or challenge (such as in verse 41:42) cannot be proved unless we witness the failure of attempts against it. It is a circular argument to say that it is preserved because it claims so, since the claim of preservation also is under question. Similarly we cannot say that it is preserved because it is preserved. For instance, if I claim that no one can climb the walls of my castle, my challenge will not make sense until some people try and fail to do so. If the trials and failures of some people demonstrate that my castle’s walls have been protected by an impenetrable surface with virtually zero friction supported by high voltage electricity and an automatic alarm system, then my challenge is proven.

19. An example of such proof is the word “Bastatan” in 7:69. The code 19, demonstrated that falsehood can never enter the Quran (please remember the parable of the gold ring that is also preserved from falsehood). If you look at the Quran in your hand you will see that the word “Bastatan” in verse 7:69 is misspelled with “Sad.” We detected this minor printing error through the Quran’s mathematical code. When we studied the oldest available versions, for instance, the Tashkent Copy, we found that it is exactly the way that we had predicted according to the mathematical structure. We took the photograph of the verse and published it in Appendix 1 of Rashad’s translation.

20. You ask about previous generations, wondering how is it possible that they possessed a Quran containing two false verses for centuries. As an answer  I’ll repeat Moses’ answer given to similar question centuries ago in 20:52: “The knowledge thereof rests with my Lord in a record; my Lord never errs, nor does He forget.” Those people were responsible according to the knowledge they were given. Ironically, most of them had no problem in accepting volumes of fabrications and preferred them to the Quran. Adding two apparently harmonious sentences unknowingly is not the same as adding thousands of contradicting paragraphs knowingly. Therefore, please my brother, worry about your own test when you are surrounded by overwhelming signs of God (10:39; 6:158).

21. You may ask: “What about subtraction? How can you know that any verses of the Quran are not missing?” Here, I would like to summarize my answer that took several pages in “Notlar” (Notes) published in Turkish. I have at least three reasons for believing that today’s Quran is complete: 1) The mathematical structure of the Quran based on number 19 was not known before Rashad’s discovery. Any subtraction would have a detrimental effect on the integral parameters of the interwoven mathematical design 2) The extraordinary examples of a harmonious mathematical design and their practical functions increase our faith regarding God’s promise for protecting His word. 3) God will not hold us responsible for the things that are beyond our means. Please reflect on these points if you entertain such a question.

22. You are confusing the scribes who are criticized by Rashad Khalifa with the scribes praised in 80:15-16. These verses are not praising all scribes who wrote the Bible or the Quran. They refer to the believers. In fact, they refer to messengers who wrote the revelation. Please note that “Suhuf (Scriptures)” is plural and refers to all divine books. “Safarah” is the plural of “Safeer” that means ambassador, or messenger.

23. Besides, how can you answer the question regarding the authenticity of the very verse that claims the preservation? What if, after the dangerous arguments started soon after the death of Prophet Muhammad, some zealots constructed or fabricated the verses 15:9 and 41:42, and it was well accepted by pragmatist leaders to heal the social discord in their land? After all, there was no shortage of people who could produce Arabic statements in the name of God or the prophet.

24. Here are several examples of the Quranic testimony that 9:128&129 are not authentic. This testimony is made by the code of its “great” mathematical structure mentioned in Chapter 74.

1. The frequency of the word God (Allah) is 2698 (19×142), without those two.

2. The sum of the numbers of all verses containing the word God is 118123 (19×6217), without those two.

3. The frequency of the word God, from the beginning of the Quran until the end of Chapter 9 is 1273 (19×67), without those two.

4. The frequency of the word God, from the first initialed chapter until the last initialed chapter is 2641 (19×139), without those two.

5. From the missing Basmalah of Chapter 9 until the extra Basmalah of Chapter 27, the word God is mentioned in 513 (19×27) verses, without those two.

6. The frequency of the word “Elah (god)” is 95 (19×5), without those two.

7. The frequency of the word “Arsh” referring to God’s domain is 19, without those two.

8. The number of all verses, including 112 un-numbered Basmalahs is 6346 (19×334), without those two. The absolute value of this number is 19, without those two.

9. The frequency of Rahim (Merciful) is 114 (19×6). Verse 9:129 creates a curious single exception by using it for prophet Muhammad. The other names mentioned in Basmalah, that is, Allah and Rahman are never attributed to others than God.

25. In the initial announcement made in March 1985 issue of Muslim Perspective, Rashad presented 9 reasons to reject 9:128-129. His reasons were 9 words. According to his count, the frequencies of each word were one extra with those two verses, that is, they all would be multiple of 19 without them. When I checked his evidence I found that some of the counts (of Anfus, Tawallu, Tawakkaltu, Rabb) had nothing to do with his claim. He was obviously wrong in his hasty count. These and similar errors are caused by our weakness and desire to increase the number of evidence (74:6). (Later, he discarded them after a face to face discussion.) However, there were two outstanding words that whose would be one extra with those two verses: Allah and Raheem. I could even eliminate the one extra Raheem for a simple reason: It is used for Muhammad not God, as many other names of God used for humans as in 11:24; 76:2; 9:114, etc. However, I could not explain and reconcile the extra word “God.”

After I rejected his claim  by labeling him  a “disbeliever” in a jotted letter, I tried ways to avoid this conflict. For instance, I tried to accept the first Basmalah as unnumbered verse, like the others in the beginning of chapters. Already there were some Muslim scholars who were claiming that Fatiha’s first verse starts with the letter Alif, not Ba, that is, “Alhamdulillahi Rabbil Alemeen.” In this case, I had to include “Raheem” of 9:127, ignoring its meaning and reference. But, this time I would have a problem with Rahman: it would be one short. On one hand, being absolutely sure about the mathematical code of the Quran, and on the other hand, knowing the verses 15:9 and 41:42 that guarantee the preservation of the Quran, put me in the most difficult dilemma that I had ever experienced.

However, my Lord, The Gracious, saved me from that dilemma by a miraculous experience. He showed me his clear signs as He promised in 41:43. He referred me to 3:41 and erased all my doubts regarding those two false verses which were exposed by the miraculous mathematical code of the Quran.

Verily, this is a reminder. For those who wish to take heed. They cannot take heed against God’s will. He is the source of righteousness; He is the source of forgiveness (74:54-56).

A personal experience

My personal experience regarding this issue may not seem appropriate in the context of an objective discussion. However, we learn from the Quran that God shows his signs in the horizons and in ourselves to convince us (41:53). I will narrate my story since I believe that God encourages me to do so (93:11), and hoping that it may cause you to examine your motivations.

My personal experiences are obviously  nonfalsifiable subjective cases. But, they can be supported by witnesses and physical evidence. Here, I’ll tell you the most fascinating one. The one that dramatically changed my entire life. This paper will not be enough to put it in its context. Thus, consider this as a snapshot picture from the middle of a continuing story.

In 1 July 1986, I made the greatest decision in my life. I came to the conclusion that the religion that I inherited from my parents was abysmally corrupted. The introduction of my ninth book, The “Sakincali Yazilar” (Dangerous Articles, 1988) starts by mentioning the importance of that day in my life. I had to criticize and reject most of my previous religious position published in my previous bestseller books. I rejected the conventional traditional religion. My inquiry brought me to a startling conviction: Traditional Islam had nothing to do with Muhammad’s original teaching. It could not be God’s religion.

Several months after that crucial decision, I encountered a big intellectual and spiritual problem. I found myself in a dilemma. The mathematical structure of the Quran was blinking at the two last verses of Chapter 9. This was a very serious issue, since the Quran claims that it is perfectly preserved.

I was confused, I was scared. I could not solve the problem. The mathematical code of the Quran, which I had no doubt about, was exposing those two verses as man-made insertions. Indeed, there was some historical evidence about controversial arguments over those two verses. However, the consensus of Muslims was clear.

The problem needed a crucial “Yes” or “No” from me. But, it would determine my fate, both in this world and in the hereafter. It was a very important issue. I could be killed by fanatics if my answer was “Yes”. But, I was more concerned about finding the truth.

For approximately two weeks I was lost. I was persistently praying to God, asking for a “sign” to save me from that dilemma. “God, give me a sign” was my repeated prayer. One day, on October 23, 1986, at around 1:30, I was sitting alone in my office trying to finish the second volume of “Interesting Questions.” I could not concentrate; the terrible paradox was eating away at my soul. I prayed again in Turkish: “Please give me a sign.” Suddenly, an unusual thing happened. My heart started beating vigorously as if I had run five miles.

It was the first time in my life, that I had that kind of heart beat for no apparent reason. Shortly, I heard a very clear voice from my HEART, repeating in Turkish: “Uc Kirkbir! Uc Kirkbir! Uc Kirkbir!”, that is, “Three Forty One, Three Forty One, Three Forty One.” I don’t remember exactly how many times it repeated. My excitement was at a peak. I was shocked. The only thing that came to my mind at that moment was to look at the Quran, 3:41 (Chapter Three, Verse Forty One). I cannot describe my excitement and joy. Verse 3:41 was exactly repeating my Turkish prayer in Arabic with its Quranic answer:

He said, “My Lord, give me a sign.” He said, “Your sign is that you do not speak to the people for three days, except by signals. You shall commemorate your Lord frequently, and meditate night and day.” (3:41)

This extraordinary event not only saved me from the worst situation I have ever had, but it also taught me a great lesson: Don’t worry about what people think about you. Seek the truth without any personal agenda.

Later, somehow, I wanted to see whether there was any relation between this incredible experience and my accepting the Quran alone as the source of my religion. I was assured by an astounding mathematical relation. The number of days between 1 July 1986 (the most important day in my life), and  23 October 1986 was exactly 114 (19×6) days, which is the total number of the chapters of the Quran. .

I have studied philosophy and some engineering and psychology. I’m perceived as a skeptic by my friends; but, I cannot doubt that event. I cannot ignore or depreciate its factual existence in my history. I am aware of paranormal problems. Here I will list some of the possible objections by skeptics:

1. The narrator’s subconscious, under strong stress, may have remembered the verse number where his prayer is mentioned.

2. It may be a schizophrenic event. The verse number and its matching text is coincidence.

3. The narrator is lying.

I would not argue against any of these, since I’m not trying to prove anything by telling you this experience here. As far as I’m concerned, I’m as sure about my experience as you are sure that you are reading or hearing these words.

After my crucial decision in 1 July 1986, as an ex-convicted political activist, I started to fight the government to get a passport. Though I had two uncles in the National Congress, it took me two years to receive a passport. Interesting enough, the date of issue on my passport was 1 July 1988.

I was single until my early thirties. Verse 3:41 mentioned above was related to Zechariah and his son Yahya (John). Thus, I sympathized with them. Just after I experienced the incredible paranormal phenomenon, I gave a silly promise to God: “If I marry, and if I have a son, I will name him Yahya.” This promise remained a secret between God and me, until my wife surprised me with another “coincidence”:

In 1989 I married here, in US, with an Iranian-American lady. When she got pregnant, I started to wonder: how can I convince her about the name Yahya if the baby is a boy? I was waiting for a good day and mood to talk about this issue. An incredible thing happened. One night, two or three weeks after learning about the pregnancy, she came to me and for first time talked about the name of the baby. She suggested only one name: Yahya. (This name is a rare name in Turkey and even rarer in Iran.) I thanked God Almighty, and told her my story regarding my silly promise to God.

In the meantime, we received two interesting letters. One was from a close friend from Turkey, who had just heard about the pregnancy. He did not have any idea about my promise regarding the name. In his letter he wrote a prayer: “May God raise your child like Yahya.” Why like Yahya? We had numerous heroes in our history. Another coincidence? My mother in-law’s letter (again, within several weeks of the pregnancy), contained a poem about our coming baby. The name of the poet was Yahya.

Similar signs continued. Therefore, I was convinced by these signs that our child was a boy and he would be born on the 1st of July, as God’s reward for my decision to follow- the Quran alone. I announced my prediction regarding the gender and birth-date of our child to more than thirty people, in a Quranic study, in Masjid Tucson. The baby failed the predictions of doctors and came to the world on the predicted day, at 10:53, morning of July 1st, 1990. We both hugged him by saying: “Welcome Yahya.” Indeed, he was a boy.

“And some people ask you, ‘Is all this true?’ Say, ‘Yes indeed, by my Lord, this is certainly true. . .” (10:53).

Praise be to God.

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Edip’s Semi-personal Report (Oxford 2010)

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Edip’s Semi-personal Report
on Conferences and Events in
United Kingdom, Poland and Netherlands, in 2010

 

 

 

 

Note 1: I am looking forward receiving your articles for the anthology, Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform, Oxford 2010. Please send it in Word document.  You may also add your short comments, observations, experience regarding the conference. If you had already done so, please do so again, since finding them in my extremely busy email box will be time consuming. We would also like to a have short bio of you, about 100 words.

Note 2: Arnold will inshallah post the video recordings of panels soon.  Pictures from the Conference and my European tour are posted at:

http://picasaweb.google.com/edipyuksel

On June 12, an email from my older son Yahya to his mom highlighted a first for our family: “Hey I’m in Morelia right now, a really big city with a lot of culture. I’m taking pictures and just got you guys some cool things. Is this the first time we have all been split into separate parts of the world? Matine is in China, baba in England, you in the USA and me in MEXICO arrrrreeeebbbbaaaa!”

I was at Oxford University for the second conference of Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform, June 11-13. The Oxford conference was very successful by bringing many leading critical thinkers from around the world together. The outcome for islamic reform movement will be substantial; such as, increased networking and cooperation, clarification of some theological and political issues, academic and media projects, and hopefully a conference in Mecca or Jerusalem in year 2014.

After the conference, I would be visiting London, Germany, Poland, Holland, for a series of lectures, meetings and activities. I was excited for all, yet anxious at Oxford.

I would like to start with Professor Abdullah an-Naim’s letter. An important figure in modern Islamic Reform movement, brother Abdullah could not participate in our second conference. He was the co-organizer of the first conference in Atlanta two years ago. Inshallah he will submit a paper for the anthology and join us in our next conference. He sent the following message.

Dear participants

 

I regret that I am unable to join you due to date conflict with another commitment (University of Norte Dame) in the USA. I am grateful for the opportunity to convey my best wishes for a successful conference and the work that follows from it. The theme of our Atlanta conference was “celebration of heresy”, to emphasize the fundamental value of permanent and profound differences among human beings. But I am sure that we all also appreciate, however, human beings tend to overlook the value of the opposing view when in the company of like-thinking people.

 

So, please let us all live up to the theme of our first conference, and take its message further – the more different another point of view, the more we need to remind ourselves of its value, because we are likely to forget

 

With warm regards

 

Abdullah Ahmed An-Na’im

For the record, I would like to quote some excerpts from the announcement of the conference:

This year the conference of Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform – the Way Forward will be held at Oxford University in June 11-13, God willing. The participants are individuals who agree on the imperative of a drastic reformation in the Muslim world. Though each of us are independent thinkers, we are all in agreement regarding the urgency of  reforming our theology, attitude, action and our organizational strategies to further align ourselves to the Quran interpreted in light of reason.

We have successfully organized a conference in Atlanta, USA in  2008 where thinkers and scholars from both the East and West came together in an effort towards instigating a reform to promote monotheism, peace, justice, progress, critical thinking, and freedom in the Muslim world.

OBJECTIVES: The conferences have multiple objectives. Among these are:

  • Facilitate opportunity for reformist Muslim leaders to meet each other personally and exchange ideas.
  • Diagnose the theological, cultural and political problems leading the degeneration and decline of Muslim civilization.
  • Critically analyze political, cultural, economic, psychological conditions of Muslim individuals and societies and their interaction with other groups.
  • Discuss the geopolitical strategies implemented by the World’s leading powers and their overt and covert operations in the so-called Muslim lands.
  • Suggest solutions and develop short and long term projects to bring about a progressive reform in both personal and social realm.
  • Pick a country or two for implementation of specific projects to address the issues.

FUNDING

We expect every participant pay for their own expenses. In fact, we are glad that we are not supported by any government or king, by any religious organization or cult. We are independent activists with sense of duty who are rising to the occasion of our own volition.

Though our brothers and sisters at Oxford will try their best to open their homes to provide boarding for some guests; we will inshallah strike a deal with a hotel nearby conference site to get discount for the participants. To cover the direct conference costs (hiring of facilities, all meals and refreshments, publicity and incidentals); we believe that £50 GBP per person is a fair and realistic price for this important three-day conference. A few brothers and sisters already promised contribution to subsidize the conference. If sufficient funds are raised then a fee for registration may not be charged at all.

Since we would like to keep everything transparent, we will not accept any contribution that is not announced publicly. The registration site will have a section for contribution.

Aslbek Musin contributed 6,000 dollars. Fereydoun Taslimi contributed more than a thousand dollars, Caner Taslaman, El-Mehdi Haddou, and Brainbow Press, each contributed 500 dollars. Helen and Hussein Sandouga each contributed one hundred dollars. Most of the money was used for travel costs and renting the conference rooms.

I stayed at Barcelo Hotel, where I met Helen and Hussein Sandouga and their daughters. Later, Layth, Fereydoun, and a few others joined us. Helen and Hussein came all the way from Canada to meet their monotheist brothers and sisters. It was refreshing to meet these committed muslims for peace and justice.

With the exception of an incident during opening of the conference Friday afternoon, and another incident where the same person tried to change the poster of the conference, the conference was fine. Many diverse ideas were discussed in a civilized manner. The diversity and the quality of ideas and discussions was an anomaly, especially for a conference on the intersection of philosophy, religion, law and politics. Participants felt perfectly comfortable to express themselves, without fear of censorship or fatwa for chopping their head. They all had discovered the boundary of freedom of expression which was described by US Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes in a picturesque maxim: “The right to swing my fist ends where the other man’s nose begins.”

Tolerance and acceptance of other’s freedom to choose his or her own theological position, as Fereydoun put it, “a person’s fundamental right to go to Hell,” was the conventional norm. For instance, the suggestion of using the pronoun She for Allah by Amina Wadud did not seem to shock the audience. Many of those who considered it pure nonsense did not even react to it. They followed the divine instruction: “They are the ones who examine all words, then follow the best. These are the ones whom GOD has guided; these are the ones who possess intelligence.” (39:18).

The official poster of the Conference was designed by the graphic designer of BrainbowPress, which displayed the word ALLAH surrounded by 114 pages/petals representing attributes of God mentioned in the Quran, the total number of chapters in the Quran, or the number of all element in the universe. During the conference, a pathological character hanged another poster in the room, which displayed Muhammad’s name next to God, fulfilling the prophetic statement in 39:45 and many other.

I would like to share with you some of my observations on panelists and a few participants. Since we will publish their presentation in the next volume of the anthology, Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform, Oxford 2010, I will just provide some basic observations about their person and work.

Adis Duderija, a vertically gifted Bosnian scholar who traveled all the way from Australia, gave a scholarly lecture on the methodology of interpreting the Quran. His talk extended to the break time and I was informed that the coffee and tea were getting cold and would be wasted. I wanted to cut the talk and let him finish it in a few minutes before the next panel. Ignoring the complaint of the co-organizer who was dictatorial, I decided to have a democratic vote and asked the audience about their preference. The majority preferred to stay until Adis finished his lecture, which I thought was taxing the attention of the audience. I was wrong. I had underestimated the endurance and interest of the audience.

Amina Wadud had cancelled her travel, yet she appeared on Skype and discussed the issues related to the never-ending tension between genders. I was angry and disappointed in Amina for her cancellation of the trip, which wasted our limited financial resources. On the other hand, I was glad that she appeared on the big screen and shared her controversial and provocative ideas with the audience. Though I consider her acceptance of hadith as the second source of the system of islam (peace) to be a flagrant contradiction with her feminist position which goes beyond what I stand for, I admire her courage to speak up her mind without fear.

Arnold Yasin Mol, the founder of Deen Research Center, was the most frequent panelist and moderator. I had assigned him to two panels, yet he was filling every vacuum. This hyperactive young Dutchman with a thrilling and numbing past is like a walking and talking Encyclopedia of Islam. Once I communicated to him my concern about his ability to digest properly all the books he has been devouring. He has unlimited curiosity and extraordinary memory to satisfy it. With all the blessings comes greater responsibility. Excluding Arnold’s occasional use of street language, which is reminiscent of his past, Arnold is fluent and has rich lexicon in English and Dutch, and he shows interest in learning Arabic. I will continue work with Arnold whom I believe will contribute greatly to the islamic reform movement.

Asghar Ali Engineer, a scientist from India, was another participant whose presence was enlightening. He was exceptionally calm and talked with wisdom. Unfortunately, he was hosted in London, rather than Oxford. He was hosted by Iftikhar Ahmad who generously allocated one of his houses in London to host minimum five panelists. Upon learning that Asghar was traveling for hours to join us at Oxford, I wanted to move him to a nearby hotel. But, since he had left his bag in London it did not work. Brother Asghar occasionally took short naps while listening to the panelists. I felt guilty for allowing him to commute back and forth to London, but it was too late to correct the mistake. So, I had all the empathy for his need to take short naps. I considered his naps as a borometer, that is, measuring the boredom level of a speaker. We will inshallah keep in touch with him and his organization.

Aslbek Musin, together with Serik Kushenov, joined us from Kazakhstan. Serik is an accomplished economist and a great friend. I had unforgettable memories with him during my visit to Kazakhstan. Aslbek is a Young Turk who has great ambitions to change the world he lives in. He contacted me several years ago and was very excited to discover the Manifesto for Islamic Reform. Then, he gathered a small conference in Almaty. I shared my experience and adventure there in a report with a yard-long title: My Normal and Paranormal Adventures in Kazakhstan: Bukhari’s Ghost Dancing with a Hungry Holy Sunni Goat, Misogynistic Dogs Barking at Pigs, Russian Pyrokinesis Burning Holes in Brains and Pockets, Two Extra Letters Correcting Quranic Bismillah, Kazaks Eating Almaty’s Apple and Horse Meat…Aslbek was restless and joined us for a different mission. He was not much interested in passively listening or actively talking. In fact, while he was on the panel, before his turn came, he quietly left his seat and disappeared! Like Arnold, Aslbek too is multitalented and has big dreams. I know that he is an articulate speaker and he is knowledgeable, yet he was there for action. He was interviewing some people for a documentary film on the mathematical structure of the Quran. While, the panelists were talking he was gently pulling some audience to the nearby room for video interviews. I think you will hear more about Aslbek and his projects in the future. Inshallah, by the age of maturity, Aslbek will have substantial contribution to the global peace, justice and progress, starting from his country.

Aziz Shaikh and Imran Goondiwala came from South Africa. They have a growing muslim community (not Sunni nor Shiite, but muslim) in South Africa. Several months ago they invited me to their conference. As much as I wanted to join them, my schedule did not allow. I recommended them to invite Prof. Aisha Musa, which they did. I found both Aziz and Imran to be genuine monotheists and to be independent thinkers. Both are passionate activists who are committed to promote the message of peace and reason in South Africa and beyond. You may learn more about their activities at: www.alburhaanquran.net

Caner Taslaman, whom I know for about thirty years, was already there. He was at Oxford University as a visiting scholar. Caner, a leading figure in modern islamic reform movement, is one of the rare breeds of intellectuals; he is blessed with the mind of a scientist and spirit of a dedicated activist. He has received two PhDs, in theology and politics. He has authored a comprehensive book masterfully promoting the message of the Quran, exposing the problems with Hadith, Sunna and various Sects. He has also authored a comprehensive book on the scientific aspect of the Quran, and philosophical books such as The Big Bang, Philosophy and God, or The Quantum Physics, Philosophy and God. He has numerous websites, such as, quranmiracles.org and quranic.org. The Turkish Facebook pages of his organization, Kuran Araştırmaları Platformu has thousands of fans. Caner is not fluent in English and thus he was not much appreciated by the audience. He is a gifted debater and he demonstrated his rhetorical skills during a recent debate on the philosophical implication of CERN experiments. The debate was broadcasted by a Turkish TV Channel, NTV. (See: http://vimeo.com/11024365 ) The atheist scientist Cihan Saçlıoğlu could not endure Caner’s first scientific punch and had to leave the studio within the first twelve minutes. It was a clear knock-out.

During my three day stay at Oxford, Caner and his friend invited me twice to Bodrum, a restaurant run by a Turkish immigrant, Resul. There I enjoyed delicious Turkish dishes and desserts. At one point we talked about my plan to organize Haj in 2014. One shared some of his memories there. Turkish visitors, according to him, were leaders in adding more innovations to the rituals already polluted by polytheism. For instance, after worshiping the walls of the Kaba, they would get out backwards. Some Turkish women would hold on the expensive black cover of the Kaba and would secretly cut a piece from it as a holy souvenir. Turkish pilgrims would fill sacks with the rocks they collected at Arafat. If Saudis do not wake up and ban such a practice, soon Arafat will be free of any pebbles to stone people to death or their Satan. The fabricated ritual of stoning the Satan, with such creative visitors is upgraded once a while. Satan, according to my friend, would receive shoes and sandals besides rocks.

Farouk A. Peru is a Malaysian native who is working on his doctorate degree in London. He is one of the most amiable and trustworthy person I have ever worked with. I worked with him as co-editor of the Critical Thinkers anthology. He is very humble and dedicated comrade. Though he is an independent thinker, he is at the same time a great team player. He is a shining scholar.

Fereydoun Taslimi, an Iranian businessman and philanthropist living in the United States, was one of the most provocative speakers. I know him since 1988. When I first met him in Tucson, he was holding The Skeptic magazine in his hand, which earned my respect. To the question, “What is your purpose in participating this conference,” he managed to say, “To attack Muslims,” which made him the candidate for the title of “extremist” by a participant. Personally, I do strongly criticize the Muslim world for the troubles we have been afflicted, and I also criticize the Western world for taking advantage of the backwardness of the Muslim countries and using them as excuse to erect puppet regimes, to invade, commit atrocities, plunder and rape their natural resources. I do not think that we should ignore one or the other. Both problems need to be acknowledged and addressed. Realism and justice requires such a holistic approach. Fereydoun’s contribution to the reform movement is important, since he raises some good points that keep us alert against group-think. Besides, Fereydoun is not just a talker, he is also a doer; his foundation has donated numerous computers to the education of students in developing countries and he has sponsored teams of students from Iran to participate in international competitions in robotics, etc.

Gershom Qiprisci, a Qaraite leader who has offices in both Israel and Netherlands, has been in touch with me since 2007. I was happy to find Gershom to be unlike of a stereotypical presumptuous clergyman. He had a sense of humor and he had desire to highlight the common points between Judaism, Christianity and Islam. In his speech he talked about the need for topical study of three Abrahamaic religions and suggested a short list of methodology to follow: Aql (Reason), Tawhid (Unity), and Adl (Justice). After the conference, we met in Amsterdam and there he gave me a two-page description of a project, which he called, Ahl Abraham: “The goal of the project is to establish a research institute, i.e. compact academic and educational centre for the comparative studies of the Scriptures of Abrahamic monotheism.” After reading the details of the envisioned institute, I am convinced about its important role in establishing peace among children of Adam. Now, how can we raise funds for this institute? Do you have any idea besides suggesting washing cars on the street or selling cookies in the neighborhood? Ezra, Gershom’s friend from Czech Republic, sent me the following brief information about their group:

Peace Edip

 

This is short description about us which wrote hakham Gershom. I hope that this will be useful for you. 🙂

 

Russian and Ottoman Qaraim Abroad: Our Religion -Sinai Covenant as revealed by YHWH ELLH on Sinai and continued by the prophets without any men-made additions.Our descent – House of Amram/Imran (Moses/Musa and Aharon/Harun and his only legitimate priesthood of the Sons of Sadoq) and House of Joseph/Yusuf from Biblical Samaria, from where we came finally to the Eastern Europe, prozelyting on our way people from Turkic (Khazar and Kypchak), Persian (Tat), Arab, Greek and Slavic tribes, mingling with them and marrying their women. Our ideology  – Dead See scrolls from the caves of Qumran.

 

Our methodology – Rational Mu’tazilite approach to the Scriptures, aiming to find a balance between Revelation and Reason. Our cultural, material and linguistic heritage – culture and heritage of Russian&.Ottoman Empires, where we lived last hundreds of years.

 

Blessings
Ezra
חכם עזרא בן שמחה
Russian and Ottoman Qaraim Abroad
Eşitkin İsrayel, Adonay Teñrimiz, Adonay birdir

 

Halima Hussain Karwa, a student doing MA in Near and Middle Eastern Studies (SOAS), Halima was a model activist. She worked like a bee without losing the conspicuous smile on her face. I was hoping to have time and get to know her in person, but the schedule of the conference did not allow me to have such and opportunity. I know that she will contribute greatly to the future of Muslim youth in the UK, and beyond.

Hasan Mahmoud of Canada was there too. For the first time we met at Almaty, Kazakhstan. He is perhaps the only person on earth that has memorized the numbers of dozens of hadiths, which insult the intelligence of their audience. Hasan is an expert in using the very sources of Sunni and Shiite sects to convict them in the light of reason and the Quran. He takes his job of delivering the message of Quran very seriously. Like many of us, he is too supporting his volunteer activities through his own budget. With very limited resources, Hasan has managed to produce several DVD’s exposing the injustices and cruelties of the so-called Sharia law. I hope that his expertise get more recognition and put in good use.

Kelly Wentworth, who is a computer programmer and co-director of Atlanta-based American Islamic Fellowship, donated her skills to design the website for registration to the conference. Together with Melissa Robinson and other like-minded activists, they promote the message of peace and human rights. Both shined with their knowledge of the subject and their clarity of mind on the panel titled Gender, Sex, and Human Rights in Current Islamic Discourse. After the conference, they directed the registration site to IMAN-net.org.

Khalid Sayyed was one of the best speakers. Both the content of his speech and the delivery of it were notable. I was excited to learn that Khalid had independently arrived at almost the same conclusions we have had. He was dignified yet humble, and I hope that we will work together to promote the message of rational monotheism. He introduced his new book, which had a contradictory title, Quran Challenges Islam. The content of the book is serious and unfortunately the title betrays it. I recommend him to change the title into Quran Challenges Sunni and Shiite Religions or Quran Challenges Muslims. These titles would still grab the attention of his audience while conveying a coherent message.

Layth Saleh al-Shaiban was more athletic than I expected him to be. Somehow, the pictures of Saudi Princess have prejudiced my mind. I know Layth for about 15 years. Though currently he is like a penguin in the dessert, I consider him a living proof of verse: 9:99-100. Through his books and website, free-minds.org, he has been promoting the message of islam without Sunni and Shiite distortion. Sometimes, I get disappointed when I meet people face to face. But, my experience with Layth was refreshing. I was impressed by his intellectual acumen, bravery, conviction, humble yet dignified presence.  We do have some disagreements in our understanding, but we have so much in common, especially our uncompromising resolve to follow the Quran alone under the light of reason, as the source of eternal salvation. I was looking forward to discuss some issues with him; unfortunately, the hectic schedule of the conference did not allow it. Inshallah, we will meet each other more frequently from now on.

Merrryl Wyn Davies of London-based Muslim Institute is a Media Expert. Merryl was one of the best speakers in the conference. Her speech was informative, engaging and compelling. She demonstrated deep knowledge of global movie industry and the use of movies in promoting the imperialistic propaganda of the West. By listing the names of cast and describing specific scenes of many movies, she was connecting with the Janes and Joes on the street better than any of us could. She is on my orange list for future projects.

Milan Sulc, a software programmer from Switzerland, Milan sees the world in black and white, in prime and composite numbers. He is a gifted mathematician and he has great appreciation of the mathematical structure of the Quran. I must say that usually I cannot follow how he connects the dots between numbers and I have been his critic. Yet, I have great respect for his person and his uncompromising stand for monotheism. He was one of the few persons who stood with me against the idol-carvers when we were both affiliated with United Submitters International. I know Milan for more than 15 years and I have quoted one of his great discoveries in one of my Turkish books, and inshallah I will share it with English-Speaking world in my upcoming book, NINETEEN: God’s Signature in Nature and Scripture.

Misbah Deen is a retired science professor at Keele University and has passion to promote science among Muslims. Through his book, Science Under Islam, he tries to inform and inspire Muslims about their golden age, in which they employed scientific method and produced a great civilization in Spain. If we are going to organize other events in the UK, we will most likely consider Misbah as one of our contacts there.

Raheel Raza came from Toronto and she led the congregational prayer. Though she normally does not cover her hair, somehow she was wearing a head scarf. I was impressed by her speech before the prayer. She was articulate and wise. She reminded me Ruby Amatulla of MPJP, another well-versed activist woman whom I had the privileged to work together. I hesitated to join the prayer there. Not because a woman was leading, since in our Tucson group we had invited and encouraged women to lead the congregational prayers starting in 1999. In fact, in modern times, our group perhaps is the first group that revived the Quranic tradition, which was interrupted and reversed by the innovation of hadith. For the record, I would like to mention the names of women who have lead our congregational prayer since 1999: Sanobar Tafazoli, Maryam Jenna, Faridah Salek, and Martha Schulte. Unlike men, some women in our group shied away to lead the congregational prayers, but they all participate in our joint Quranic studies as equals. Yes, I hesitated to join the prayer there. Because, I heard the Azan, the call for prayer, violating the Quranic maxim expressed in 72:18, “The temples are for God, so do not call on anyone with God,” and other verses such as 39:45.

Raymond Catton and his wife Sophia is known by me since 1988 at the international conference of International Community of Submitters. In 1989, I visited them at Vancouver together with Rashad Khalifa. Rashad and I drove an Olds Mobile car from Tucson to Vancouver through California, Oregon and Washington states. I had just visited the US, and at age 32, I was hundred percent virgin and single. I had not yet had driving license, but I had passed the written exam to get the permit. I had to have a licensed driver next to me. Rashad was the one and he was as crazy as I were. I occasionally set the cruse control on 85 miles per hour and sat on the driver seat my legs folded like pretzel. While driving on high ways, we enjoyed listening to the Quran recitation, talking and eating sun flower seeds. I know, these trivial details have nothing to do with the conference at Oxford, but hey, life is full of silly details and distractions, and I bet the most serious person can relate to this fact. Back to Raymond and Sophia… They are my role models and I am grateful to God for having them as my friends. Ray was scheduled to moderate a panel, but he was in other room being interviewed for a documentary. Thanks, we had Arnold full of energy and he was glad to replace him.

Roy W. Brown, the UN representative from International humanist and Ethical Union was one of the most dedicated participants of the conference. He participated in almost all panels and took diligent notes. Upon my request, he also shared his observations with us: “I learned a lot during the conference and picked up a lot of good ideas. Even though I am not a Muslim, I would like to help in any way I can to help get your organization get off the ground.” In fact, I found Roy’s ideas and actions to be much closer to islam than the great majority of those who claim the title. Roy came up with a lengthy list of ideas and suggestions, and our movement will inshallah benefit substantially from his experience and connections. It was a joy to have Roy there!

Sophia Catton participated in the panel on women’s issues, together with Melissa Robinson, Kelly Wentworth, and Raheel Raza… Sophia was inspirational and uncompromising regarding her respect to the teaching of the Quran. I knew Melissa and Kelly from Atlanta and I was glad that they could make it to the conference. All participants talked brilliantly. At that panel, there was a little confusion on my role. I ended up there playing the role of both a moderator and a panelist. At one point I got emotional and started crying, and it was a very rare display of deep emotions in public. I could not believe it. It was embarrassing. Here, four women are discussing the issues related to gender discrimination and offering solutions in cool manner using a rational language. None of the women was crying except the only man, me. My emotional reaction to the panel was perhaps partially due to remembering my mother, who was deprived of her God-given human rights and buried alive in a black sack that covered all her body, including her face.

T.O. Shanavas, a medical doctor from the USA, used an excellent power point presentation to inform us on the theory of evolution and its origin among Muslim scientists preceding Darwin. Though his presentation was long, he was a good speaker and kept the interest of the audience until the end. The revised edition of Shanavas book on evolution inshallah will soon be in book stores: Islamic Theory of Evolution: The Missing Link Between Darwin and Natural Selection. It is very imperative for us to inform ourselves about this topic, since a Sunni cult leader from Turkey who thinks himself as the Promised Mahdi is using the pseudo-scientific Christian arguments to discredit the theory of evolution in the minds of Muslims, and unfortunately, has attained great success in misleading them.

Tariq Raja was there too, but not many noticed. He is deliberately low profile, yet he is a committed activist for peace and justice. I had the chance to get to know this businessman philanthropist from Netherlands during my three day visit there. He was a generous host and a patient listener. I will share some of our talk below in the section about my visit to Netherlands.

Usama Hasan a gifted and multi-talented man: a scientist, an activist, a theologian, and more, all in one, was perhaps the only Sunni or semi-Sunni panelist. We had invited some other Sunni and Shiite scholars, but none responded to our invitation. Thus, I command Usama for his courage. Well, I mean intellectual courage, since unlike Sunnis, we do not beat up our critics. I have to qualify the courage again: emotional courage. Usama is the son of a respected Sunni scholar, Shaykh Suhaib Hasan. Being the son of another Sunni scholar, I can relate to him. His participation to our conference will most likely receive opposition if not condemnation from his Sunni relatives and constituency. Usama later posted his observations on the conference in his blog titled Unity, where he erroneously attributed it to a local organization. I had a few exchanges with Usama during the conference across the room. It would be more useful if we had a moderated debate. He has a peaceful and objective tone. Yet, in response to my invitation to “trash all hadith,” Usama tried to score a few points on behalf of hadith liturgy: “There are many weak, fabricated & problematic ahadith but the Hadith-rejecters throw the baby out with the bathwater, and I told them that,” which I responded him with the following: “As for the ‘baby’ I discarded with bath water, it was a ‘dinosaur baby,’ and it was still-born.” Living in the UK with the name Usama might be an albatross on the neck. I command him for his involvement in charity work and theological engagement. I am looking forward meeting him at another conference.

Some facts about the Conference

I will not summarize the lectures and discussions during the conference, since most will be published in the second volume of the anthology, Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform. I think the conference had achieved two goals and fell short in the third. It provided opportunity to share ideas on the theological, political, cultural issues involving Muslims and the world. It also provided opportunity for activist to meet each other in person and establish networking. However, it did not end with a clear direction and concrete group projects. Inshallah, in our next conference, hopefully within less than a year in Istanbul, we will focus on the third objective. The reform movement should not wobble and diversity of ideas should not blur its clear objective: to dedicate system to God alone, the system of peace that produces just, free and progressive communities.

Most likely our next conference will be in Istanbul, and inshallah it will be a major one. I would like also to invite you to consider joining us at Hajj (Debate) Conference at Mecca or Jerusalem in year 2014. Inshallah, later I will share with you the details of that. By then, inshallah the Islamic Reform movement will reach a critical point.

There were about 80 participants, from all around the world. Because of problems in communication with the co-organizer in Oxford, I do not have a complete list of participants. Using the official registration, I gathered the list of the following countries of residence, which does not include the countries of origin. For instance, we had several participants from Iran, but they did not come to the conference from Iran:

Australia

Bengladesh

Bosnia

Canada

Chekoslovakia

Egypt

Germany

India

Jordan

Kazakhstan

Neatherlands

Norway

Pakistan

Saudi Arabia

South Africa

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

United Nations (I know that is not a country, but it sounds good)

PANELISTS

Adis Duderija (Phd. Islamic Hermeneutics, Bosnia)

Amina Wadud, (Prof. Gender Studies, University Melbourne, Australia)

Arnold Yasin Mol (Author and member of NMP, Netherlands)

Asghar Ali Engineer (PhD. Chairman, Centre for Study of Society and Secularism, India)

Aslbek Mussin (Founder, Izgi Amal, Almaty, Kazakhstan)

Aziz Shaikh (Al-Burhan, South Africa)

Caner Taslaman (Prof. of Philosophy at Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey)

Edip Yuksel (J.D., Author, Founder of Islamic Reform, USA)

Farouk A. Peru (PhD candidate, activist, UK)

Fereydoun Taslimi (Businessman, Noor Foundation, USA)

Gershom Kibrisli (Karamite leader, Israel, Netherlands)

Hasan Mahmoud (Author, Canada)

Imran Goondiwala (Al-Burhan, South Africa)

Kelly Wentwordth (Programmer, Director – American Islamic Fellowship, USA

Khalid Sayyed (Prof, Author, UK)

Layth Saleh al-Shaiban (Author, Activist, Saudi Arabia)

Melissa Robinson (Director – American Islamic Fellowship, USA)

Merrryl Wyn Davies (Media Expert, Muslim Institute, UK)

Milan Sulc (CEO, Software Company, Switzerland)

Misbah Deen (Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Keele, UK)

Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd (Prof of. Islamic Studies at Univ of Leiden & Utrecht, the Netherlands)

Raheel Raza (Author, Public Speaker, Forum for Learning, Canada)

Raymond Catton (Co-founder of Quran Society, Canada)

Ridwaan Davids (Activist, South Africa)

Sophia Catton (Co-founder of Quran Society, Canada)

T.O. Shanvas (M.D., USA)

Taj Hargey (Professor of History, Oxford University, UK)

Usama Hasan (PhD, The City Circle, UK )

PARTIAL LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Abdun Nur

Ahmet Kintas

Ashari Ali

Asim Shafiq

Asli Unal

Darren Brown and his family

Fawad Choudhary, PhD

Fiona Brathwaite

Hakan Unal

Halima Hussain Karwa

Harris Choudhary

Harris Ramzan Choudhary

Helen Vicky Sandouga

Hussein Sandouga

Iftikhar Ahmad

Katarzyna Gajewska

K. A.

Latasha Embree

Mahmud Rogers

Mahmut Arikan

Maqbool M. Farhat (Chairman of Basm Tolo-e-Islam, London)

Nadia Choudhary

Nadira Choudhary

Nour Alsanosi

Noura Mansouri

Novin Doostdar

Ogunfolajin Maruff

Oguzhan Aygoren

Roy Brown

Samir Benjelloun

Sarah Stitou

Serik Kushenov

S.R.A.

Shobbir Hussain

Tariq Choudhary

Tariq Raja

Ummad Choudhary

Volkan Gungor

COULD NOT MAKE IT TO THE CONFERENCE, BUT WILL SUBMIT PAPER

Abdullahi al-Naim (Prof of Law, Emory, USA)

Abdur Rab (PhD. Author, Economist, USA)

Aisha Musa (Prof of Islamic Studies, Florida International University)

Ali Behzadnia (M.D. Former member of first cabinet of Islamic Republic of Iran, USA)

Asma Ishak (J.D., Toronto Law School)

Chris and Linda Moore (Retired Entrepreneurs, UK and Turkey)

El-Mehdi Haddou (Vetenerian, Canada)

Gatut Adisoma (PhD, Activist, Indonesia)

Ghayasuddin Siddiqui (PhD, Muslim Congress, UK)

Hasan Bin Izhaar (PhD, Pakistan)

Hussain Najafi (Businessman, USA)

Kassim Ahmad (Author, Political leader, Malaysia)

Martha Schulte (Prof. Arabic University of Texas, USA)

Matthew Capiello (PR MPJP, USA)

Muhammad Shahrur (Prof, Syria)

Mustafa Akyol (Author, Turkey)

Nafeez Mossadeq Ahmed (Prof. Sussex University)

Ruby Amatulla (President MPJP, Author, USA)

London

The following day after the conference, I took a taxi and moved to London to meet some muslim brothers and sisters there. On my way to London, I dropped my bags at a hotel nearby Heathrow airport. I met Farouk in downtown London that looks an upgraded street from a Middle East country. I was surprised to see so many Muslim owned businesses and shops. I was speechless when I saw women in black sacks, covering all their bodies, including their faces. I have tolerance to all sorts of religious symbols and attire, yet my tolerance and acceptance stops at burqa or face veil. Depriving women from their identity cannot be accepted by the society, as none should be allowed to degrade themselves as slaves. I took some pictures from that street, and you will find them at: http://picasaweb.google.com/edipyuksel

We reserved a Malaysian restaurant for a small meeting where we had engaging conversations with Mo Zourdani, Peter Baldwin, Immanuel Ibrahim, Kristiane Backer, Syed Mohsin Abbas and a few others. Each had interesting and inspiring stories. I would like to get their stories about their spiritual and intellectual transformation and include it in an upcoming book containing such stories. This invitation is valid for all of you who have questioned your inherited religion and discovered monotheism. Kristiane Becker was an MTV host and after her embracing Islam she found herself out. She is now a single woman working as a free lance media consultant and journalist. Syed Mohsin Abbas is active in the community and through his company ArtsVersa, he organizes the annual Ramadan Festival. I hope that we will find a way to unite our ideas, talents, services and goods in creating a more peaceful and just world.

Zielona Gora, Poland

Zielona Gora? I never heard the name of that city, which means Green Mountains, before I accepted the invitation there by a group of converts from Christianity. Ezra Ben Simcha, a monotheist from Czech Republic who follows Torah, informed me about such a group and he wanted me to meet them. They had intellectual problems with the polytheistic teachings and contradictory practices of their church. I met five families there. They were Catholic first, and then they switched to Protestantism or Evangelism, which they called Charismatic Church. Then, through Ezra they explored Judaism. Knowing that they would be unable to follow the strict rules of the Old Testament, Ezra informed them about the Final Testament, and its mathematical code. Upon learning about the Quran they decided to accept islam (peacemaking) as their system. Then Ezra asked me to send them the copies of the Quran: a Reformist Translation, which I did.

I landed in Berlin airport around Noon of June 17. I was impressed by the efficiency of the German bureaucracy; claiming my luggage and passing through passport and custom inspection took less than fifteen minutes.

Before my trip, I was asked by a few monotheist friends living in Germany to spend a night with them. Initially, I entertained the idea but later I decided to spend two nights with the Polish monotheists as we had discussed early. Remiquisz (Remik) Bieganski and his wife Ewa drove all the way from Zielona Gora to the Berlin-Tegel airport, traveling about 180 kilometers. They were delayed, so I spend a few hours in that small airport designed in a perfect circle. I got tired of circumnutating with my luggage. Everything seemed smaller compared to the United States. Tiny cute cars pulled my attention. Even the doors to the public bathrooms were small. So, I had to leave my bags in the cart by the main door and hope that none would steal them while I was in the rest room.

Remik and Ewa first took me to the apartment of Jacek and Agnieszka live. The neighborhood was clean and nice. Around a huge green open space there were several apartment buildings, each with 5 to 10 floors. Jacek (35) had the body of a football player and had the demeanor of a stand-up comedian. He was extremely funny and happy. They had two bright and cute kids, Asia (8) and Dawid (4). Jacek is working in a furniture manufacturing company as technical supervisor, while his wife Agnieszka is professor at the State University in Zielona Gora.

Remik then took me to his home, which was in Broniszow, about 20 minutes away from the main town. I fell in love with the road between Zielona Gora and Remik’s home; both side of the road was covered with rows of high trees. I do not remember seeing so much greenery anywhere. Compared to Zielona Gora San Diego appears like a desert. I learned that I would be staying at Remik and Ewa’s home. It was a newly built modern two stories house with high ceiling in the middle of a forest. Remik was still working on some unfinished construction. I had come there with T-shirts and shorts. Though it was mid June, the temperature was about 10-15 Celsius degrees, which was a positive change for me. While outside of the house, I noticed the unfinished frame of the window. There was about 20-cm thick insulation on the external wall. The huge piles of wood outside, the magnificent fire place, and that thick insulation were testifying to a very cold winter… Glad that I was there in the best of times. During the meal Remik brought a bowl of small blue berries collected by his neighbor from nearby bushes. They were fresh and delicious.

Remik and Ewa were very generous hosts. Their home was very clean and organized. Their daughters Asia (17) and Misia (14) were very smart and respectful. They participated in our conversation and discussion all day. Remik asked me to introduce them to their peers who try to live according to the Quran.

Since only a few of the new converts knew English, Ezra translated my lecture and then question and answer session. Ezra, together with Jan Cichy and Joseph came all the way from Czech Republic to join us there. They were very interested to learn more about the prophetic mathematical structure of the Quran, which Jacek recorded through his camcorder. I enjoyed every moment together. My joy reached its zenith when Jacek got a guitar and started playing Haga Nagila, my favorite song. I received the video recording of the moment and posted at youtube:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LczBsBtOIbI

To see the short lecture on Code 19, which was translated into Polish by Hakham Ezra check:

http://www.uschovna.cz/vyzvednout1.php/Uschovna4c2a073d883ae58

Amsterdam and Rotterdam, Netherlands

Mahmut Arıkan and Volkan Güngör took me from the airport to a new apartment by a lake. It had new furniture and I would be its first resident. The host, Tariq Raj, a Pakistani Briton businessman, was a generous and thoughtful host; he had filled its fridge with snacks and juice, and the kitchen had all the necessary utensils to cook and brew tea. Tariq invited me and friends to breakfast and dinners to his triplex residence nearby.

In Netherlands, I met many Turkish monotheists, such as Ahlem Özdemir and Derya Baglikol. Ahlem, a divorced women mother of two, invited us to dinner. She had cooked too many dishes and too much food. There was so much left over, she insisted that we take some to my apartment, which Mahmud did it gladly. Ahlem was working at Red Cross and she told me that she asked her boss to allocate the conference room in their building for my lecture. After searching about me via Internet, her boss discovers that I was not an apple, but a jalapeño pepper, and would be too much controversial and liability for their organization. Ahlem impressed me with her knowledge, intellectual independence, and rhetorical skills. She was an independent woman in almost every aspect of her life. She had a teen son who was bright and engaging; I was glad that he respected her mother and cherished her. The same with Derya… She too had strong ideas, and together with Ahlem both were having the most of the talks while I and more than half a dozen Turkish men listened. I was glad to witness such a revolution.

There I met many Turkish monotheists whom I have been in contact via Internet: Mahmut Alioğlu who lives in Bochum, Germany, and works in a virus-protection software company…. Years ago, Mahmut designed a simple yet functional program called Kitap (Book) to browse various Quran translations, including mine. (We have its web based version at: www.quranix.com ). Ahmet Eraslan who uses Suvari penname on Internet lives in Belgium and works as a teacher. I also had great time at Gamal and Iglal’s home where Iglal showed off with her talents as a cook. Iglal was on the cover of a cook book that contained recipes and pictures of ethnic cuisine from about 20 countries.

I do not wish to bore you with a list of names… So, let me share with you a few small activities we did together. After consultation, we decided to distribute a pamphlet containing the summary of Manifesto for Islamic Reform in front of a mosque after the Friday prayer. Tariq’s son volunteered to print the pamphlet and he added a few lines inviting the readers to contact the Muslim reformists in Holland. Tariq and his family together with Mahmut and Volkan helped me to fold the pamphlets.

I wanted to teach my friends who live in Holland how to share the message, especially when government or religious institutions deprive their citizens or followers from hearing the message of monotheism, liberation and peace. As our first station, I asked them to take me to the biggest mosque. They took me to Ahle Sunnat wa Djamaat – Hanafi (People of the Sunna and Crowd – Hanafi). Volkan, Mahmut, and another comrade helped me in distributing the pamphlet in front of the mosque after the Friday prayer. I started engaging the “sunni crowd” and occasionally used confrontational language and even calculated provocation to accomplish that. It did not take too long for imam to come out to protect his herd from getting confused and disoriented. The Pakistani imam, with his Arabic garb and well-nourished beard, acted cool. He was clever and diplomatic in dealing with my vociferous criticism against their teachings. I accused him of misleading those people and teaching them not to use their reasoning faculties, of promoting polytheism, misogynistic ideas and practices, and all sorts of superstitions. Imam initially had a fake smile on his face and tried to ignore my charges. But, when he heard some specific criticism, he resorted to distortion and manipulation of his followers.

I wanted to train my friends how to deliver the message to a protected crowd. Arnold did not join us; he was watching us from across the street. He told me that he took several photos while we were delivering the message in front of the mosque.

For the second mission, we went to Milli Görüş (Religious/National View) mosque, which as complex with a school, café, etc…. During my youth, as an Islamist youth leader, I worked within the same group, a religious political group that many of today’s mover and shakers in Turkish politics belonged. For instance, Turkish current prime minister Tayyip Erdoğan was my friend from high school, and we work together in the same political organization for the same territory for several years. Turkey’s current minister of defense, Ahmet Davudoğlu too was affiliated with the same group and we attended Bosporus University together. After my rejection of hadith and Sunna in 1986, my relationship with them deteriorated gradually until I was forced to immigrate to the USA in 1989. I knew that I was persona non-grata there.

There I was going to show my friends in Netherlands how to deliver the message to a hostile group in a friendly way and in a low voice. Many who knew the ideas of this group about me and my decision to impromptu drop in their den would consider it a risky decision. Indeed, it was risky. Any of them could attack me. The moment I entered the courtyard of its café, a tall young men noticed me and recognized me as Edip Yuksel. A few others looked at us and their reaction was a mixture of confusion, fear and curiosity. I informed them that I was visiting them for a friendly chat and I asked them to bring us tea. We sat on the chairs around a table in the open air courtyard. Only one of them felt comfortable enough to sit with us. I started the conversation with friendly and humorous gambits. Then it soon evolved to theological and political discussion. A few others emerged, first studying us from about five to ten meters afar. They would not sit down; but walk around with anxious pace. It was obvious from their faces, their body language and their indecision that they did not know how to handle me. A few of them would go inside the café and come back again. They considered me an apostate, a betrayer against the legacy of well-respected Yuksel family. I had disappeared by immigrating to the Great Satan two decades ago and would once a while hit and run via live TV appearances that would cause many to question their inherited religion, yet here I was sitting among them, in their bastion.

Then one of them, while standing accused me of living in the USA, en imperialist country. I countered by telling them my contempt to the USA’s foreign policy and yet my appreciation of its Constitution. I reminded them the fact, just because someone lives in a country does not mean the person is supporting everything the government’s policies. The circle grew to more than a dozen participants. Two young men in their thirties, whom the rest appeared to respect, engaged in a heated debate with me on hadith and sunna. It was obvious that they had in depth information regarding the defense of hadith and their attack against the so-called “Quran-alone” position. At one point I picked one of the debaters, and asked everyone to witness my exposition of his condemnation by the Quran. I made sure everyone was all ears. I asked everyone not to interrupt until I am done with that one-to-one Socratic Dialogue. Then, carefully and methodologically I went through my cross examination, step by step asking response from the young Sunni man. Each response led to another question. In less than five minutes, everyone witnessed the young man been impeached by the Quran. Of course, it was not an impeachment of a person; it was an impeachment of one of the history’s greatest frauds that has been promoted by the following diabolic twist: “following messenger means following hadith reports that were collected centuries after his death.”

After about half an hour in debate, one of the debaters started hearing my arguments, and started appreciating some of my points. Within an hour they started debating among themselves. The internal debate reached its zenith when I wanted to discuss the discrepancy among the three versions of the Last Sermon. One of the debaters wanted to hear my take on it, while others, smelling trouble, wanted to avoid it. I wanted to hit this point since it would destroy the reliability of their most reliable hadith. The internal strife and quarrel lasted for a few minutes. I had summarized this problem in my first English Book, Nineteen Questions for Muslim Scholars:

It is the alleged final sermon (Khutba) of the Prophet (Khutbat Al-Wadaa’). This great and historic event is reported in many important books of hadith, including Muslim, Muwatta, Ibn Majah, Abu Dawud, Ahmed Ibn Hanbal. The big problem is: these books report three vastly different doctrines from this historic sermon which was witnessed by 100,000 witnesses (most hadiths were supposedly witnessed by 1 or 2 people). In fact, the main topic in that all-important sermon gives three contradicting commandments. Here is what the prophet allegedly said:

1)     “I am leaving for you two things that you must uphold, the Quran and my Sunnah” (According to Muwatta 46/3).

2)     “I am leaving for you the Quran and my relatives (Ahl Al- Bayt)” (According to Muslim 44/4, Nu 2408; Ibn Hanbal 4/366; Darimi 23/1, Nu 3319).

3)     “I am leaving for you the Quran; you shall uphold it” (According to Muslim 15/19, Nu 1218; Ibn Majah 25/84, Nu 3074; Abu Dawud 11/56, Nu 1905).

As you see, the LAST words of the LAST sermon of the LAST prophet which had been witnessed by the greatest number of his friends have been reported in three different versions.

  • What did the prophet leave for us according to your most authentic hadith? Which one of the three reports is correct?
  • What did the prophet leave for us according to the best hadith, i.e., the Quran? (6:19,38,114; 5:48-49; 12:111; 39:23).
  • How can we trust those hadith books which can change the most important words, though witnessed by thousands of people? Which hadith can we trust beside the Quran (45:6)?

I can confidently say that I am never surprised by any argument made on behalf of Sunni or Shiite sects or religions. I know their all arguments. In fact, before my rejection of the sectarian teachings, I was writing books defending them. So, I was not surprised that they asked their favorite question, “How do you pray without hadith?” or “Why you do not say ‘Sallallahu alayhi wassallam’ after Prophet Muhammad’s name, sallallahu alayhi wasallam“?

Most of the people discussing religion and politics tend not to hear the other side’s argument. They might appear to be listening, in fact, what they are doing is monologue. Therefore, once a while I interrupt them and I say this:

“You said this and that. Your position on this issue is this and that. Have I summarized your position correctly?”  Hearing their position from my mouth, expressed succinctly, clearly and correctly, perhaps much better than they could ever articulate, they usually pause and listen without interrupting me. I notice a sense of relief and appreciation in their eyes. Then, I ask my question: now it is turn. Can you please repeat my position? What is my response to your criticism or your position? They usually pause, this time with embarrassment and confusion. They notice that they cannot repeat my position as I have done theirs. So, they become witness against themselves: their ears are deaf to my words. Afterwards, I go back and repeat my answer; this time having their full attention. Of course, I cannot keep repeating this device to teach them how to debate, since they usually turn back to their old habit of pontificating passionately without listening/understanding their opponents. But, it sometimes helps the audience to pay more attention to what I say. This tuning device during debates should be implemented with care, since there is a risk of being perceived as arrogant or patronizing.

A few older people in the audience, noticing that their sectarian version was melting like ice under the light of reason and evidence, became irritated. An old man passionately interrupted our discussion, and accused me of insulting prophet Muhammad. He started praising Muhammad and asking them not to continue the debate. I was glad to see a few younger member of their group stood for me and tried to cool him down: “No he is not insulting Prophet Muhammad.” It is ironic to see the followers of hadith liturgy that contains the worst lies and insults against Prophet Muhammad.

***

This report got longer than I expected. I would like to share with you some important observations regarding the growing and brewing stress between Muslim immigrant minority in Netherlands and the Dutch natives. Hopefully, I will do so within a week.

You may leave comments under the pictures from the Conference and my European tour are posted at:

http://picasaweb.google.com/edipyuksel

 

 

 

 

 

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Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform

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ANNOUNCEMENT
International Conference:

Critical Thinkers for Islamic Reform
The Way Forward
Oxford University in June 11-13 2010

The conference will be held at Oxford University in June 11-13. The
participants are individuals who agree on the imperative of a drastic
reformation in the Muslim world. Though each of us are independent
thinkers, we are all in agreement regarding the urgency of reforming
our theology, attitude, action and our organizational strategies to
further align ourselves to the Quran interpreted in light of reason.

For the short biography of the participants and affiliates see:
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Eternal Hell and Merciful God?

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Edip Yuksel

As a monotheist, I have compelling scientific, philosophic and spiritual reasons to believe in the Quran, yet I have to admit that I have not digested all the verses of the Quran. Some verses challenge my cultural norms or the mainstream ideology, and a few also appear to contradict other clear verses of the scripture and/or the laws of nature. Knowing that my culture is relative, I usually handle well the first category, but those that create contradiction among God’s signs (ayaat) of the scripture or of nature act like viruses infecting my faith. Those who have no intellectual problem with any verses of the Quran are, in my opinion, either gullible people who happened to inherit/acquire their faith because of peer pressure, geographic proximity, or any other extraneous reason; or they are hiding their intellectual problems from others and perhaps from even their own cognition. Neither type, however, can set a good example.

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Is the Creature Prophecized in 27:82 Computer?

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Edip Yüksel

“At the right time, we will produce for them a creature (dabbah) from earthly materials, communicating to people that they are not certain about our miracles/signs/revelations (ayaat).” (27:82).

Those who have witnessed the mathematical system of the Quran based on code 19 (74:30-37) usually tend to understand this verse to be a prophecy about computers, since Rashad Khalifa discovered this great miracle by using a computer. The computer communicated or declared the world the secret of the Quran, which was designed to be a miracle for believers and a test for hypocrites and disbelievers. Indeed, after this declaration many so-called Muslims aggressively denied the existence of such a phenomenon, the prophecy of Chapter 74 and many of the implications and explanations came afterwards.

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BEWARE: Priests Are Singing Love, Again!

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Edip Yüksel

“When missionaries came to South Africa, we had the land, they had the Bible. Then they told us, ‘Let’s close our eyes and pray.’ When we opened our eyes we saw that we have the Bible, they have the land.” (Kenyatta, Founder of Kenya).

You clergymen with the Bible in your hands, do not preach us love, since your love has cost us dearly.

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