{"id":2613,"date":"2012-08-16T02:35:11","date_gmt":"2012-08-16T08:35:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/19.org\/?p=2613"},"modified":"2012-08-16T15:35:29","modified_gmt":"2012-08-16T21:35:29","slug":"edebiyatin-edibiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/edebiyatin-edibiyati\/","title":{"rendered":"Edebiyat\u0131n Edibiyat\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Edebiyat\u0131n Edibiyat\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Edip Y\u00fcksel
\nwww.19.org<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Terci-i Bent, tekrarlanan bir beyitin (ikili m\u0131sran\u0131n) kafiyeleri ba\u015fka ba\u015fka olan birkac bentten olu\u015fan her bendi izledi\u011fi bir manzume bi\u00e7imidir. Ziya Pa\u015fa’nin \u00fcnl\u00fc “Terci-i Bent”inden beyitler al\u0131nt\u0131layarak herbirine nazire (kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k) olarak bir beyit daha ekledim. Boylece yar\u0131s\u0131 Ziya Pa\u015fa’ya ve di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131 bana ait olan d\u00f6rt m\u0131srali bentlerden olu\u015fan manzumeye “Terbi-i Bent” (Bentin D\u00f6rtleni\u015fi veya D\u00f6rtl\u00fc Bent) ad\u0131n\u0131 verdim.\u00a0 Manzume aruzun “Mefulu mefailu mefailu feulun,” ( _\u00a0 _ .\u00a0 . _ _ . . _ _ . . _ _ ) vezniyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu manzume, aruz vezniyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f di\u011fer manzumeler gibi, ses tonu vezne g\u00f6re ayarlanarak okunursa \u015fiirle muzik evlendirilmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Aruz vezni, ne var ki, uzun manzumelerde monoton bir m\u00fczik olu\u015fturur. Bu y\u00fczden, Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un Safahat’i, t\u00fcm kalitesine, t\u00fcm g\u00fcrlemesine ra\u011fmen birka\u00e7 sayfa sonra Niyagara \u015fellalesinin monoton g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcne benzer manzum bir ninniye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.\u00a0 Asl\u0131nda bu bunalt\u0131c\u0131 etki daha az d\u00fczeyde de olsa hece vezniyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fiirlerde de vard\u0131r. Hece \u015fiirinin lezzetli \u00f6rneklerini vermi\u015f Necip Faz\u0131l’in \u015fiirlerini i\u00e7eren \u00c7ile kitab\u0131 Akif’in Safahat\u0131ndan daha az dozda uyku hap\u0131 hi\u00e7erir; ama yine de okurun t\u00fcm gayretine ra\u011fmen bu \u015fiirler, akl\u0131 virusle bozulmu\u015f bir program\u0131n 1234567891011, 1234567891011, 1234567891011, 1234567891011 say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tekrarlamas\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131ran sonu gelmez bir \u00e7ileye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Serbest \u015fiirin ustas\u0131 Naz\u0131m Hikmet’in edebi s\u0131rr\u0131 i\u015fte burada! Vezin ve kafiyeyi serbest bir bi\u00e7imin (daha do\u011frusu bi\u00e7imsizli\u011fin) i\u00e7ine g\u00f6merek, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, gelenekle yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, mahkumluk ile \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, su ile ate\u015fi, matematik ile sanat\u0131 birbirine \u00f6zenle entegre ederek bir arada sunmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dallar\u0131 ve budaklar\u0131yla, \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri ve yapraklar\u0131yla d\u00fczenle d\u00fczensizli\u011fi kucaklayan bir a\u011fa\u00e7 gibi.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131ca, kaba bir tahminle %60 Arap\u00e7a, %30 Fars\u00e7a ve %10 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bir dildi. Bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sadece dilde de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0131rk ve dinde de s\u00f6zkonusuydu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Osmanl\u0131’nin din olarak benimsedi\u011fi Sunnilik de, bir rivayete g\u00f6re %60 orta\u00e7a\u011f Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, %30 Yahudilerden aktar\u0131lan Israiliyat, %30 B\u0131zans’tan aktar\u0131lan Hristiyanl\u0131k, %20 Uzakdo\u011fudan aktar\u0131lan Budism, %40 \u015eamanizm, %90 Hadis palavralar\u0131, ve %10 Kuran ayetlerinden olu\u015fuyordu… (S\u00fcnniler zamanla matemati\u011fe allerji duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in rakamlar pek \u00f6nemli de\u011fil! Zaten bu bir rivayet ve rivayetin mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorgulanmaz; sadece senedine sepetine bak\u0131l\u0131r. Senedini sepetini okeyleyen bir hazret olunca akan sular durur, beyinlerdeki dantritler donar). Osmanlicay\u0131 kimyasal formullerden ilham alarak A5F4T semboluyle ifade edebiliriz. (Dilerseniz oran\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden A10F8T2 gibi farkl\u0131 form\u00fcller kullanabilirsiniz! 19’culara Osmanl\u0131ca i\u00e7in A95F76T19 form\u00fcl\u00fc \u00f6nerilir)<\/p>\n

Ziya Pa\u015fa, Osmanl\u0131 (veya A5F4T’li) d\u00f6nemindeki Divan \u015fairlerine k\u0131yasla daha ar\u0131 bir dille yazmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yine de beyitleri Arap\u00e7a ve Farz\u00e7a kelime ve deyimlerle dolu. Bilmeyenlere baz\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 vereyim. Parantez i\u00e7indeki harfler kelimenin hangi dilden geldi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor:<\/p>\n

A: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arap\u00e7a
\nF: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fars\u00e7a
\nFP: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fars\u00e7a Pi\u00e7le\u015ftirilmi\u015f
\nAP: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arap\u00e7a Pi\u00e7le\u015ftirilmi\u015f
\nAF: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fars\u00e7a-Arap\u00e7a Melez
\nFT: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fars\u00e7a-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Melez
\nAT:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arap\u00e7a-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Melez
\nE: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 English<\/p>\n

Art\u0131k konu\u015fulan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’nin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 (FT) olan kelimeler (AT) dizilmemi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, “hi\u00e7” (F) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi Orta Asya’daki maden (A) kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in (F) listeye (E) al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bed<\/strong>\u00a0(F): K\u00f6t\u00fc. (T\u00fcrkiye’deki politikac\u0131lar kadar olmasa da…)<\/p>\n

Asl<\/strong>\u00a0(A): K\u00f6k, k\u00f6ken, soy. (\u00d6v\u00fcnecek ba\u015fka erdemleri olmayanlar\u0131n s\u0131ms\u0131k\u0131 sar\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fey. Soylar\u0131yla \u00f6v\u00fcnenler patates gibidir, demi\u015fti adam\u0131n teki, zira patatesin en de\u011ferli taraf\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r).<\/p>\n

Necabet<\/strong>\u00a0(A): Temiz soyluluk. (Cenabet ile alakasi yok;-)<\/p>\n

\u00dcniforma<\/strong>\u00a0(EP): Inglizce’de “uniform” (Devlet baban\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’deki herkesi i\u00e7ine sokmak istedi\u011fi nesne).<\/p>\n

Zerduz<\/strong>\u00a0(F): Alt\u0131n i\u015flemeli (Zerdali ile akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yok. Zerdali Fars\u00e7a zerd-alu yani sar\u0131 erik kelimesinden gelir. Fars\u00e7a’da “zer” alt\u0131n, “zerd” ise sar\u0131 demektir.)<\/p>\n

Palan<\/strong>\u00a0(F): Eyer. (Nalan ile kafiyeli ama e\u015fek ile mafiyeli)<\/p>\n

Nush<\/strong>\u00a0(A): \u00d6\u011f\u00fct. (Bedava verilen ender nesnelerden biri)<\/p>\n

Tekdir<\/strong>\u00a0(A): Uyar\u0131. (Yeni\u00e7erilerin kazan kald\u0131rmas\u0131)<\/p>\n

M\u00fcbe\u015f\u015fer<\/strong>\u00a0(A): M\u00fcjdelenmi\u015f (A\u015fUre-i m\u00fcbe\u015f\u015fere)<\/p>\n

Eshab-i meratib<\/strong>\u00a0(A): Mertebe sahipleri, r\u00fctbeliler (Bu \u00fc\u00e7 s\u00f6zc\u00fck de, “ler” ve “liler”leri hari\u00e7 Arap\u00e7a)<\/p>\n

Kanun-i ceza<\/strong>\u00a0(AP): Ceza yasas\u0131 (Arap\u00e7a’dan al\u0131nan ‘ceza’ kelimesinin Arap\u00e7a’daki anlam\u0131 “kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k” demek olup hem iyi ve hem k\u00f6t\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eanl\u0131 dedelerimiz kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hep k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in bu kelime transfer ile ceza yemi\u015f).<\/p>\n

Mesned-i izzet<\/strong>\u00a0(A): Izzet makam\u0131, ululuk kat\u0131 (G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde televizyon ekranlar\u0131)<\/p>\n

Serefraz<\/strong>\u00a0(F): Ba\u015f\u0131 dik (Karaborsa’da ya\u015fayan bir mahluk)<\/p>\n

M\u00fcrtekip<\/strong>\u00a0(A): Uygunsuz i\u015fler \u00e7eviren, yiyici (K\u00f6ftehorlar)<\/p>\n

Cay-i k\u00fcrek<\/strong>\u00a0(FT): K\u00fcrek \u00e7ekici (Eskiden mahkumlar gemilerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TERB\u0130-\u0130 BENT<\/strong><\/p>\n

“Bed asla necabet mi verir hi\u00e7 \u00fcniforma”
\n“Zerduz palan vursan e\u015fek yine e\u015fektir”
\nBunca deve varken bo\u015fa hi\u00e7 kendini yorma
\nKervan y\u00fcr\u00fcyor yine e\u015fek ba\u015f \u00e7ekecektir!<\/p>\n

“Nush ile yola gelmeyeni etmeli tekdir”
\n“Tekdir ile uslanmayan\u0131n hakk\u0131 k\u00f6tektir.”
\nKaps\u0131n hele bir z\u0131rdeli bir deynegi sen g\u00f6r
\nKa\u00e7 uslu bu s\u00f6zle ne k\u00f6tekler yiyecektir!<\/p>\n

“Af ile m\u00fcbe\u015f\u015fer midir eshab-i meratib”
\n“Kanun-i ceza acize mi has demektir?”
\nAhkam-i ilahiye sar\u0131lmazsa o aciz
\nKanun-i be\u015ferden daha pek \u00e7ok \u00e7ekecektir!<\/p>\n

“Milyonla \u00e7alan mesned-i izzette serefraz”
\n“Birka\u00e7 kuru\u015fun m\u00fcrtekibin cayi-i k\u00fcrektir.”
\nArt\u0131k medeniyet \u00e7a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r gayri bu olmaz.
\nMazluma mekan \u015fimdi ya zindan ya direktir!<\/p>\n

15 A\u011fustos 1983
\n\u00c7anakkale E-Tipi Cezaevi<\/p>\n

(Yusuf’un 40’\u0131nc\u0131 Emri ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiir kitab\u0131mda yay\u0131mland\u0131)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aruz vezni, ne var ki, uzun manzumelerde monoton bir m\u00fczik olu\u015fturur. Bu y\u00fczden, Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un Sefahat’i, t\u00fcm kalitesine, t\u00fcm g\u00fcrlemesine ra\u011fmen birka\u00e7 sayfa sonra Niyagara \u015fellalesinin monoton g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcne benzer manzum bir ninniye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Asl\u0131nda bu bunalt\u0131c\u0131 etki daha az d\u00fczeyde de olsa hece vezniyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fiirlerde de vard\u0131r. Hece \u015fiirinin lezzetli \u00f6rneklerini vermi\u015f Necip Faz\u0131l’in \u015fiirlerini i\u00e7eren \u00c7ile kitab\u0131 Akif’in Sefahat\u0131ndan daha az dozda uyku hap\u0131 hi\u00e7erir; ama yine de okurun t\u00fcm gayretine ra\u011fmen bu \u015fiirler, akl\u0131 virusle bozulmu\u015f bir program\u0131n 1234567891011, 1234567891011, 1234567891011, 1234567891011 say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tekrarlamas\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131ran sonu gelmez bir \u00e7ileye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Serbest \u015fiirin ustas\u0131 Naz\u0131m Hikmet’in edebi s\u0131rr\u0131 i\u015fte burada! Vezin ve kafiyeyi serbest bir bi\u00e7imin (daha do\u011frusu bi\u00e7imsizli\u011fin) i\u00e7ine g\u00f6merek, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, gelenekle yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, mahkumluk ile \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, su ile ate\u015fi, matematik ile sanat\u0131 birbirine \u00f6zenle entegre ederek bir arada sunmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dallar\u0131 ve budaklar\u0131yla, \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri ve yapraklar\u0131yla d\u00fczenle d\u00fczensizli\u011fi kucaklayan bir a\u011fa\u00e7 gibi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,217],"tags":[1165,1171,1169,1168,1166,1170,1167],"class_list":["post-2613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edipyuksel","category-siirler","tag-aruz","tag-edip-yuksel-tr","tag-nazim-hikmet-tr","tag-necip-fazil","tag-siir","tag-terci-i-bend","tag-ziya-pasa"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2613"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2613\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}