{"id":6936,"date":"2014-12-08T01:50:18","date_gmt":"2014-12-08T07:50:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/19.org\/tr\/?p=6936"},"modified":"2014-12-08T03:07:34","modified_gmt":"2014-12-08T09:07:34","slug":"osmanlica-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/osmanlica-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131ca veya \u015eeytan\u0131n Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki G\u00f6lgesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Osmanl\u0131ca veya <\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u015eeytan\u0131n Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki G\u00f6lgesi<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

Edip Y\u00fcksel
\n8 Kas\u0131m 2014<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"2014-12-08<\/a>

Yard\u0131m edeyim abi. Sen Direksiyona ge\u00e7; ben iteyim. \ud83d\ude42<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cOsmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin se\u00e7kin y\u00f6neticileri kendi iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek ve bu ba\u011flamda bir karma\u015fa ya\u015famamak i\u00e7in \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen insan\u0131\u201d yaratma \u00a0potansiyeline sahip matbaadan uzak durmay\u0131 ye\u011flemi\u015flerdir\u2026 \u0130stanbul\u2019da ilk T\u00fcrk bas\u0131mevinin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1730\u2019lu y\u0131llara gelinceye kadar ge\u00e7en 300 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Bat\u0131\u2019da 1, 5 milyon kitaptan 1, 4 milyar n\u00fcsha bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Londra\u2019da 1711\u2019de g\u00fcnde ortalama 6500 olan gazete tiraj\u0131, 1753\u2019te 20 bine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Voltaire\u2019in, 12. Charles\u2019in Tarihi kitab\u0131nda; \u2018\u0130stanbul\u2019da bir y\u0131lda yaz\u0131lanlar, Paris\u2019te bir g\u00fcnde yaz\u0131lanlardan azd\u0131r\u2019 yarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmektedir. \u0130lk bas\u0131mevimizin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan y\u00fcz y\u0131l sonra da, 1820\u2019lerde bu yarg\u0131 hala ge\u00e7erliydi. \u2026 Devletin denetiminde faaliyet g\u00f6steren ilk T\u00fcrk matbaalar\u0131nda bir y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca bas\u0131lan kitap say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 180 olmas\u0131 ve Avrupa\u2019daki uygulamalar\u0131n tersine, 1803 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar geni\u015f insan kitlelerinin ilgisini \u00e7ekebilecek dini yay\u0131nlara izin verilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 buna \u00f6rnektir.\u201d Ali Necati Do\u011fan, T\u00fcrkiye’de yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k – Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nde kitap yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, 7 A\u011fustos 2009, Milliyet)<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 sultanlar\u0131ndan herhangi birine kap\u0131kulu, had\u0131m a\u011fas\u0131, yeni\u00e7eri, meddah, cariye veya reaya olmaya hevesli \u00e7akma \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Torunlar\u0131\u201d say\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir art\u0131\u015fa tan\u0131k oldu\u011fumuz bir d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131ca ZORUNLU ders yap\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Osmanl\u0131can\u0131n SE\u00c7MEL\u0130 ders yap\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yorum; aksine bunu destekliyorum.<\/p>\n

\"2014-12-08<\/a>

\u0130nsanda yoksa edeb. Ne eylesin medrese mekteb. Okusa alim olsa. Yine merkeb, yine merkeb. (Not: Osmanl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde “edeb yahu” hatta en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan ifadelerden biriydi. Edeb, yani sultana, asillere, din adamlar\u0131na ve onlar\u0131n kurallar\u0131na kay\u0131ts\u0131z itaat demekti. Devlete ve stat\u00fcsko’ya itaat\u0131 ilim dahil her \u015feyin \u00fczerinde tutan bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrd\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc.<\/p><\/div>\n

Ancak Osmanl\u0131caya s\u0131ra gelinceye kadar e\u011fitim m\u00fcfredat\u0131nda nice b\u00fcy\u00fck eksiklikler ve sorunlar var. Bilim ve teknoloji alan\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer alan, modern teknolojinin hi\u00e7bir grubunda k\u00fcresel bir ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6stermeyen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin okullarda fen bilimlerine, kritik ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye, \u0130ngilizce ve \u00c7ince dillerine a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermesi gerekirdi. Maalesef b\u00fcy\u00fck devlet olmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck saraylar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck AMV\u2019ler in\u015fa etmek, ormanlar\u0131 betonla doldurmak ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fayan sultan\/asil s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n mezar ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 okumak gerekti\u011fine inand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f milyonlarca insan var.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki rakamlar Osmanl\u0131 devletinin \u00f6\u011frenime, bilime, kitaplara ve kritik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen insanlara d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011funu sergiliyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

610<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u201cOku; yaratan Efendinin ismiyle.\u201d ayetinin Muhammed\u2019e indi\u011fi y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

632<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nMuhammed taraf\u0131ndan bizzat yaz\u0131lan Kuran n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1593<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u0130bni Sina’n\u0131n Arap\u00e7a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 El Kanun Fit-T\u0131bb kitab\u0131n\u0131n ilk bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l. Yer: Roma.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1612<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u0130lk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dil bilgisi kitab\u0131. Yer: Leibzig.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1615<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u0130lk bas\u0131lan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kitap. Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 ile Fransa kral\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Frans\u0131zca metninin yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l. Yer: Paris.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1630<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nKuran’\u0131n ilk Frans\u0131zca \u00e7evirisinin bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l. Yer: Paris.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1640 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nKuran bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ilk ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi y\u0131l. Yer: Venedik.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

275<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nOsmanl\u0131ca ve Arap\u00e7a kitap bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yasak oldu\u011fu y\u0131llar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

37<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nMatbaan\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara yasak oldu\u011fu 275 y\u0131l boyunca gayr-i M\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu matbaa say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1729<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nM\u00fcteferrika Matbaas\u0131na izin verildi\u011fi y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nM\u00fcteferrika Matbaas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 ilk 14 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam kitap say\u0131s\u0131 (11 tarih, 3 dil, 1 co\u011frafya, 1 fen, 1 askerlik)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1794<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nM\u00fcteferrika Matbaas\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

18<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nM\u00fcteferrika Matbaas\u0131n\u0131n \u00a068 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca yasaklamalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden fiili \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

29<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nM\u00fcteferrika matbaas\u0131n\u0131n 68 y\u0131l boyunca dini konular d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitap ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131. Toplam 27 bin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1802<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nOsmanl\u0131 devleti taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan ilk matbaa olan \u00dcsk\u00fcdar Matbaas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f y\u0131l\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1803<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nKitlelerin ilgisini \u00e7ekebilecek dini yay\u0131nlara izin verildi\u011fi y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

180<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nMatbaan\u0131n izninden sonra y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca (1729-1839) bas\u0131lan Osmanl\u0131ca ve Arap\u00e7a kitap say\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1839<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nTanzimat (D\u00fczenleme) ilan edildi\u011fi y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

417<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nM\u00fcteferrika Matbaas\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015fundan Tanzimat\u2019a kadar s\u00fcren 110 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bas\u0131lan eser say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1844<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nN\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l. (Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n n\u00fcfusu 35 milyon olup bunun 21 milyonu M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanm\u0131\u015f).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

536<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nN\u00fcfusun 35 milyon oldu\u011fu zaman Osmanl\u0131’da bas\u0131lan toplam kitap say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

0,025<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nN\u00fcfusun 35 milyon oldu\u011fu zaman Osmanl\u0131’da ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen kitap say\u0131s\u0131. (16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avrupa’da Osmanl\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkler \u00fczerine \u00e7e\u015fitli dillerde \u00e7\u0131kan yay\u0131nlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 2.463’\u00fc bulur.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1876<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nMe\u015frutiyet ile ilk Anayasa kabul edildi\u011fi y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

3074<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nBirinci Me\u015frutiyet’e kadar Osmanl\u0131’da bas\u0131lan kitaplar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1927<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u0130lk T\u00fcrk bas\u0131mevinin kuruldu\u011fu y\u0131l.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

1928<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nHarf Devrimi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

30.839<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nMilli K\u00fct\u00fcphane kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131ca (Arap harfli T\u00fcrk\u00e7e) basma eserlerin say\u0131s\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 sadece kitap bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemedi; kitap bas\u0131m\u0131na izin verdikten sonra da onlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 bir sans\u00fcre tabi tuttu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 1858 tarihinde ilan edilen Ceza Kanunu\u2019ndaki \u00fc\u00e7 yasaktan \u00a0biri olan 138. Madde yoluyla Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahlar\u0131n\u0131, memurlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yalakalar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirmek YASAKlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cDevlet-i Aliye\u2019nin emir ve ruhsat\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan matbaalarda saltanat\u0131 seniye ve erbab\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve tebaai saltanat\u0131 seniyeden olan bir millet aleyhinde gazete veya kitap ve evrak\u0131 muz\u0131rre tab ve ne\u015frine m\u00fctecasir olan kimselerin iptida bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u015feylerin zapt\u0131yla, derecei c\u00fcrm\u00fcne g\u00f6re matbaas\u0131 muvakkaten veya b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn kapatt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra on mecidiye alt\u0131n\u0131ndan elli mecidiye alt\u0131n\u0131na kadar cezay\u0131 nakdi ahzolunu\u201d<\/p>\n

Kargac\u0131k-burgac\u0131k mant\u0131k<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilime ve kitaba d\u00fc\u015fman, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe d\u00fc\u015fman bir saltanat\u0131\u00a0idealle\u015ftiren cahiller iyice co\u015ftu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ramazan ay\u0131nda camilerde \u00f6p\u00fcl\u00fcp tap\u0131lan k\u0131llar\u0131 kutsayan k\u0131lperest bir m\u00fc\u015frik, hamile kad\u0131nlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in ay\u0131playan Tu\u011frul \u0130nan\u00e7er ad\u0131ndaki bir mevlevi m\u00fcridi TBMM\u2019de \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f:<\/p>\n

“\u0130nkilap m\u0131? \u0130nkilap ne demek biliyor musunuz \u2018K\u00f6pekle\u015ftirme\u2019 demektir… Bu m\u00fcbarek Meclis\u2019in \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum. Ne dedi\u011fimi de biliyorum ben hukuk\u00e7uyum. Bir gecede b\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kitaplar\u0131 okunmaz hale gelmi\u015ftir. K\u00fct\u00fcphaneler kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. E\u011fer yaz\u0131 Latinize edilmekle adam olunayd\u0131 Japonlar o kargac\u0131k burgac\u0131k yaz\u0131lar\u0131yla bug\u00fcne gelemezdi.\u201d<\/p>\n

At\u00fct\u00fcrk’\u00fcn saltanat\u0131 ve \u015feytani hilafeti y\u0131kmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fturulan TBMM’yi “m\u00fcbarek” diye tan\u0131mlayan bu adam ayn\u0131 zamanda o kuruma d\u00fc\u015fman reaya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc savunuyor. Yukar\u0131daki \u201ckargac\u0131k burgac\u0131k\u201d mant\u0131k safsatalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131ca yerine Felsefe ve Mant\u0131k derslerinin zorunlu olmas\u0131 gerekir. Aksi takdirde, ortal\u0131k k\u0131l-\u0131 \u015ferif, sandal-\u0131 \u015ferif, h\u0131rka-\u0131 \u015ferif ve onlara tapan salak-\u0131 \u015ferifler ile dolacak ve birka\u00e7 y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden \u015eeytan\u0131n Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki G\u00f6lgesi \u00fclkemizde hortlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"2014-12-08<\/a>

9 Eyl\u00fcl 1916 Tarihli bir takvim yapra\u011f\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n

NOT: Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 islam devleti san\u0131yorsan\u0131z l\u00fctfen \u015fu videomu seyrediniz:<\/p>\n

\u201cOsmanl\u0131 islam devleti miydi? 600 Y\u0131l\u0131k Yalan\u201d<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Osmanl\u0131ca veya \u015eeytan\u0131n Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki G\u00f6lgesi Edip Y\u00fcksel 8 Kas\u0131m 2014 \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin se\u00e7kin y\u00f6neticileri kendi iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek ve bu ba\u011flamda bir karma\u015fa ya\u015famamak i\u00e7in \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen insan\u0131\u201d yaratma \u00a0potansiyeline sahip matbaadan uzak durmay\u0131 ye\u011flemi\u015flerdir\u2026 \u0130stanbul\u2019da ilk T\u00fcrk bas\u0131mevinin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1730\u2019lu y\u0131llara gelinceye kadar ge\u00e7en 300 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Bat\u0131\u2019da 1, 5 milyon kitaptan 1, 4 …<\/p>\n

Continue reading ‘Osmanl\u0131ca veya \u015eeytan\u0131n Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki G\u00f6lgesi’ »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[184,11],"tags":[1616],"class_list":["post-6936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aktualite","category-edipyuksel","tag-tugrul-inancer"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6936"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6936\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6946,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6936\/revisions\/6946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6936"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6936"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/19.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}